Social Network Structure of Manta Rays
https://phys.org/news/2019-08-manta-rays-social-bonds.html
Social relationships are prevalent among animals and their structure can be examined using the tools of this course to help understand and better manage animal populations. This article explores the structure of social relationships among manta rays. It cites research published by scientists from the Marine Megafauna Foundation, Macquarie University, and the University of Papua. By taking pictures of rays in Indonesia’s Raja Ampat Marine Park at regular intervals they were able to outline a structure of social relationships amongst the rays.
The study shows that there were two distinct communities of rays that were connected via local bridges. The two communities were structured differently with the first composed of mostly mature females, and the second of males, females, and juveniles. They could not determine exactly what caused this structure but conjectured that male manta rays have mostly weak ties, whereas females have strong ties due to differences in reproductive strategies. This is consistent with the theories discussed in class as we would expect a group of females to form due to their strong ties and strong triadic closure. The prevalence of weak ties among males also seems likely to be causing the local bridges to form, because as we have seen in class all local bridges must be weak ties to be consistent with strong triadic closure.
The scientists hope to use these findings to help predict manta ray movements, mating patterns, and response to human impacts, which will be essential for conservation and ecotourism. The concepts of social network structure could be applied similarly to other animal populations and be instrumental in helping to preserve species all over the world. 