1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Gangaur Realtech is a professionally managed organization that specializes in real estate services. Its clients seek increased value by owning, occupying, or investing in real estate, and it provides integrated services delivered by professionals.
Advanced Air Mobility Market Analysis
This is another excellent post that I thoroughly enjoy reading. It’s not every day that I get to witness something like this.
Advanced Air Mobility Market Demand
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. ufabet ฟรีเครดิต 100
Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Neon White Aesthetic.
Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Chantal Van Woensel.
Thanks for such a fantastic blog. Where else could anyone get that kind of info written in such a perfect way? I have a presentation that I am presently writhing on, and I have been on the look out for such great information. ยูฟ่าเบท
Yoga Alliance certified Yoga Teacher Training in Rishikesh, India, Arogya Yoga School is a Yoga Alliance Registered Yoga School (RYS 200, RYS 300 and RYS 500). Arogya Yoga School in India offers excellent and unique Yoga Teacher Training Programs such as the Yoga Retreat in Rishikesh India, 200 Hour Yoga Teacher Training in Rishikesh, 300 Hour Yoga Teacher Training in Rishikesh and 500 Hour Yoga Teacher Training in Rishikesh.
we can give you any help nigoal that you need as you write
Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Jessica Taylor.
I’m having a small problem. I’m unable to subscribe to your rss feed for some reason. I’m using google reader by the way. ufa
Very good job, this is important and nice information which is shared by you. This information is meaningful and very essential for us to increase our knowledge about it. Always keep sharing this type of information. Thanks once again for sharing it. Eicher 485
YOUNG, ALMOST A CHILD. HE USED TASERS ON PEOPLE’S NECKS, FACES, KNEES. IT’S LIKE 11HILO
Thanks For sharing this Superb article.I use this Article to show my assignment in college.it is useful For me Great Work. แทงบอล
Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Destin Christopher Tucker.
When your website or blog goes live for the first time, it is exciting. That is until you realize no one but you and your. bigslotxo
Thanks For sharing this Superb article.I use this Article to show my assignment in college.it is useful For me Great Work. แทงบอล
That is really nice to hear. thank you for the update and good luck. แทงบอล
jet ski dubai
Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Alice Hunt.
nice blog! check this too Shoptoto
I discovered your site web site on bing and check a couple of your early posts. Always maintain up the great operate. I simply additional increase Rss to my MSN News Reader. Seeking forward to reading much more by you down the road!… 마사지구인구직
But a smiling visitant here to share the love (:, btw great style and design . 1000mg vape cartridge
I like this blog so much, saved to bookmarks . 해외 농구중계
I really enjoy reading and also appreciate your work.
Express Couriers Minicabs, it makes every effort to meet all requirements.
All cabs meet provincial and municipal safety rules.
Our drivers are fully qualified and have received specialized training to provide this service. https://www.expresscouriercars.co.uk/CroydonMinicabs/beddington-minicabs/
When I originally commented I clicked the -Notify me when new surveys are added- checkbox and already each time a comment is added I receive four emails with the same comment. Is there any way you can eliminate me from that service? Thanks! team building
i love to use stainless steel hot tubs at home because they require less maintennance and easy to maintain:: Indian smm panel
bad credits can happen at any point in your life so be prepared to always get some extra income; nekretnine grcka
I simply desired to say thanks once again. I’m not certain the things that I would’ve undertaken in the absence of the solutions shared by you concerning such problem. It has been a very distressing setting in my view, but understanding a new well-written tactic you treated it forced me to jump over happiness. I’m just happy for this support and in addition believe you realize what an amazing job your are undertaking training men and women through your web blog. I am sure you haven’t encountered any of us. Youtube smm panel
spam blockers are always necessary because there are so many spam these days,. grcka nekretnine
Enjoyed looking at this, very good stuff, regards . Best smm panel
Hi there! Quick question that’s entirely off topic. Do you know how to make your site mobile friendly? My weblog looks weird when browsing from my apple iphone. I’m trying to find a template or plugin that might be able to fix this issue. If you have any suggestions, please share. Many thanks! real estate halkidiki
I also provide live song mixing sessions in which we can mix your song live in real-time. For more information click here: pro tools vocal template
Our mission is to connect people and coach companies. With our advanced matching system and wide-reaching network, we save customers time and money on their minibus and coach hire. As for coach companies, we offer the benefits of an all-in-one marketing solution to receive requests from customers actively looking for travel needs. With more than 15 years of experience and an international team of experts, it is our goal to take the hassle out of coach hire.
Nice put up. I truly like your content. It’s inspiring and I absolutely like it. Please go to my website.Delhi satta king You don’t need to go around in search of an authentic website to play as we deliver original and genuine satta king online games for everyone. So, be relaxed when playing Delhi Satta Kin on and enjoy every bit of the game. We provide the best experience to all players and let them have fun while betting.
Very good points you wrote here..Great stuff…I think you’ve made some truly interesting points.Keep up the good work 스마일주소
Nice post. I find out something more difficult on distinct blogs everyday. It will always be stimulating to learn to read content using their company writers and exercise a specific thing from their store. I’d would prefer to apply certain together with the content in this little weblog whether you do not mind. Natually I’ll offer you a link on your web blog. Thank you for sharing. online event
Nice put up. I truly like your content. It’s inspiring and I absolutely like it. Please go to my website.Delhi satta king You don’t need to go around in search of an authentic website to play as we deliver original and genuine satta king online games for everyone. So, be relaxed when playing Delhi Satta King online and enjoy every bit of the game. We provide the best experience to all players and let them have fun while betting.
“Nice article. I truly like your content. It’s inspiring ,keep up the good work.Please go to my website.Satta king online You don’t need to go around in search of an authentic website to play as we deliver original and genuine satta king online games for everyone. So, be relaxed when playing Delhi Satta King online and enjoy every bit of the game. We provide the best experience to all players and let them have fun while betting.
“
“Nice article. I truly like your content. It’s inspiring ,keep up the good work.Please go to my website. Satta king online You don’t need to go around in search of an authentic website to play as we deliver original and genuine satta king online games for everyone. So, be relaxed when playing Delhi Satta King online and enjoy every bit of the game. We provide the best experience to all players and let them have fun while betting.
“
Hello I am so delighted I located your blog, I really located you by mistake, while I was watching on google for something else, Anyways I am here now and could just like to say thank for a tremendous post and a all round entertaining website. Please do keep up the great work. bigslotxo
I don’t have time right now to read your entire site, but I have bookmarked it and subscribed to your RSS feeds. I’ll be back in a couple of days. Thank you for a fantastic website.
Online Auction Market Forecast
You completed some dependable points there. I conducted a search on the subject and discovered that nearly everyone will agree with your blog.
Online Auction Market Analysis
Valuable info, this information is excellent and essential for everyone. I am very very thankful to you for providing this kind of information. Eicher tractor 242
Motivator Malang
Idrus Putra dikenal sebagai seorang motivator, trainer dan coach dengan pengalaman selama lebih dari 12 tahun di bidang pelatihan dan pengembangan SDM.
Puluhan perusahaan nasional dan multinasional, lebih dari 5 Kementerian RI hingga organisasi-organisasi besar di Indonesia telah memberikan kepercayaan padanya sebagai fasilitator perubahan pola pikir, perilaku hingga peningkatan performa kerja.
Sudah saatnya bagi Anda untuk merasakan sentuhan perubahan secara besar-besaran bersama Idrus Putra dalam berbagai tema pelatihan yang telah dirumuskannya secara praktis dan pragmatis.
educator, Sue. Although Sue had a list of discharge instructions in her hand, she paused and ยูฟ่าเบท
Thank you for sharing with us, I conceive this website really stands out : D. แทงบอลออนไลน์
I appreciate your work , thanks for all the informative blog posts. ยูฟ่าเบท
Railways have to spread a single decision by management to the bottom of the business section of a huge area, and in the meantime, military-style bureaucratic organizations have emerged.
Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting? I’m pleased I discovered it though, ill be checking back soon to find out what additional posts you include. bigslotxo