March 26, 2012 by Thao Ly

Railway Industry in France

1. Industry Overview:

In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.

>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en

Types of Train in France:

Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:

– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed

– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel

– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed

– Low marginal cost and high production cost

– Product can be sold in advance

– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.

However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.

– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)

– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats

———

2. Space

Railway industry defines space implicitly.

Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2^nd Class) and Comfort (1^st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.

Economy Class:

Comfort Class:

Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.

For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1^st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.

Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.

I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.

——

3. Time

Railway industry defines time implicitly.

Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.

However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.

>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html

The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.

——–

4. Price

Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.

Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.

Price at 1 week before departure

Price at 2 weeks before departure

Price at 3 weeks before departure

Price at 4 weeks before departure

Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.

The physical rate fences are the classes:

The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty

As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.

(-Thao Ly)

——–

References:

http://www.raileurope.com

http://www.tgv-europe.com

http://www.sncf.co.uk/

Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods

Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry

165,250 thoughts on “Railway Industry in France”

슬롯커뮤니티 | March 30, 2022 at 12:34 am

슬롯커뮤니티
카지노검증 | March 30, 2022 at 12:37 am

카지노검증
메이저토토사이트 | March 30, 2022 at 12:41 am

Hey, I simply hopped over in your web page by means of StumbleUpon. Not one thing I might in most cases learn, however I favored your feelings none the less. Thank you for making something price reading. 메이저토토사이트
^^
Johan | March 30, 2022 at 1:02 am

Hi there, I discovered your blog per Google bit searching for such kinda educational advise moreover your inform beholds very remarkably for me. https://www.spotifyfame.com/
jtjtyrrrjt | March 30, 2022 at 1:10 am

เว็บไซต์พนันออนไลน์ เล่นง่าย บนโทรศัพท์มือถือ ฝากถอนเพียงแต่ 3 นาที
LION123
ติดอยู่ คา สิ โน่
ถ้าหากคุณเป็นนักเสี่ยงดวงที่ชอบด้านการพนันเป็นพิเศษ และก็กำลังมองหาเว็บที่ให้บริการเกมพนันที่ให้ท่านได้พนันกับเกมทุกจำพวก ติดอยู่ สิ โน รวมทั้งการพนันบอลออนไลน์ ซึ่งสามารถให้ท่านเข้ามาใช้ง่ายได้ง่าย แล้วก็สะดวกแล้วล่ะก็ วันนี้คุณไม่ต้องหาที่อื่นๆให้เสียเวล่ำเวลาอีกต่อไป เพราะว่าตรงนี้พวกเราเป็น lion123
เว็บลำดับต้นๆที่เปิดให้บริการด้านการเดิมพันชั้นแนวหน้าในแถบทวีปเอเชีย ปอยเปต คาสิโนออนไลน์ แล้วก็เปิดให้บริการมานานนับเป็นเวลาหลายปี จัดเป็นเยี่ยมในแบรนด์ที่ใหญ่รวมทั้งเป็นที่นิยมอย่างยิ่งตอนนี้ เดี๋ยวนี้อุตสาหกรรมการเดิมพันบอลออนไลน์ คาสิโนออนไลน์ พนันบอลออนไลน์
Digital_Work | March 30, 2022 at 1:30 am

Keep up the good work , I read few posts on this web site and I conceive that your blog is very interesting and has sets of fantastic information. https://ruled8tode.com
Digital_Work | March 30, 2022 at 1:57 am

Pretty nice post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed browsing your blog posts. After all I’ll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you write again soon! https://https://193.168.195.169.com
megagame | March 30, 2022 at 2:02 am

สล็อต MEGA GAME betflix คาสิโนออนไลน์ที่สุดแห่งความสนุกยกมาเสิร์ฟให้ถึงหน้าจอ แต่มันจะดีกว่าไหมถ้าหากว่า คาสิโนค่ายใหญ่ ทั้งหมดที่มีอยู่บนโลก ได้ถูกรวมมาไว้ให้เลือกสนุกภายใต้เว็บ MEGA GAME เว็บเดียวเท่านั้น ซึ่งที่แห่งนี้เป็นพื้น ที่บริการรวมคาสิโน เว็บเดียวจบทุกอย่าง โดยที่ท่านไม่ต้องสลับเว็บให้เสียเวลา ไม่ต้องโยกย้ายเครดิตให้มันกวนใจ
Bad Bunny | March 30, 2022 at 2:17 am

I read this article.badbunnymerch I think You put a great deal of exertion to make this article.
Jack1212 | March 30, 2022 at 2:35 am

Thank you because you have been willing to share information with us. we will always appreciate all you have done here because I know you are very concerned with our. betflik joker
cisco | March 30, 2022 at 2:43 am

Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting? I’m pleased I discovered it though, ill be checking back soon to find out what additional posts you include. 토토사이트
Johan | March 30, 2022 at 2:50 am

Mmm.. estimable to be here in your report or notify, whatever, I repute I should moreover process strong for my have website want I play some salubrious further updated busy in your location. alcohol detox centers in Florida
Johan | March 30, 2022 at 2:55 am

I came onto your blog while focusing just slightly on submits. Nice strategy for next, I will be bookmarking at once to seize your complete rises… Drug Rehab in Florida
BETFLIX | March 30, 2022 at 2:56 am

betflixและนี่คือหนึ่งในคำถาม ที่พบกันอยู่ใน BETFLIX บ่อยครั้ง สำหรับนักเสี่ยงโชค ที่ชื่นชอบการเล่นสล็อตออนไลน์ คือคำถามที่ว่า เกมสล็อตแตกบ่อยและมีเกมไหนที่โบนัสแตกบ่อยๆ แนะนำเกมสล็อต ที่ได้รางวัลแบบไม่กั๊ก แนะนําเกมสล็อต pg ให้นักเสี่ยงโชค ได้รับรางวัลแบบจัดหนักจัดเต็ม กลับบ้านไป นอนกอดกัน แบบชิลชิลกันเลยทีเดียว จาก MEGA GAME ซึ่งคำตอบจากคำถาม แนะนำ เกมสล็อต โร มา บอกได้เลยว่า มีให้นักเสี่ยงโชค เลือกเล่นกันเยอะสุดๆ
RAHEEL | March 30, 2022 at 2:58 am

Modern persons inscribe, the online world can be quite salubrious also wonderful, We can produce receive linked with the earth. https://www.plurk.com/noithatalpha
BETFLIX | March 30, 2022 at 3:07 am

MEGA GAME ถ้าถามว่า ในเหล่าเกม ออนไลน์ทั้งหมด ที่ให้บริการในเว็บ betflix พนันออนไลน์ เกมไหนที่ ใช้ทุนเล่นน้อย ที่สุด แต่สามารถหาโอกาส นักปั่นสล็อต ทุนน้อย สร้างกำไร จากการเล่นได้ มากกว่าเกมอื่น ๆ ที่ใช้ทุกใน หลักเดียวกัน ต้องบอกว่าเกมนั้นคือเกม สล็อตออนไลน์ เท่านั้น เพราะในเกมนี้ ถูกตั้งยอด วงเงินเดิมพัน หรือยอดเดิมพัน เอาไว้ต่ำสุดแค่ 1 บาท เลยทำให้ผู้เล่น มีทุนหลักสิบ ก็เล่นได้สบาย ที่มีงบน้อย สามารถเข้ามา สล็อตออนไลน์ ได้ต่อเนื่อง
ASIM | March 30, 2022 at 3:35 am

I like to recommend exclusively fine plus efficient information and facts, hence notice it: essay writing skills
shayan | March 30, 2022 at 3:44 am

Admiring the time and effort you put into your website and in depth information you present. It’s good to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same old rehashed information. Wonderful read! I’ve bookmarked your site and I’m adding your RSS feeds to my Google account. statement of information
Tod Day | March 30, 2022 at 3:48 am

Journalist and network addict. Passionate about my work and content. No philias or phobias, just reality. Specialist in digital marketing, communicator, journalist and speaker on Today90.com.
Ralph Scott | March 30, 2022 at 3:48 am

I haven’t any word to appreciate this post…..Really i am impressed from this post….the person who create this post it was a great human..thanks for shared this with us.
PRP Tartu
jakar | March 30, 2022 at 3:53 am

I am impressed. I don’t think Ive met anyone who knows as much about this subject as you do. You are truly well informed and very intelligent. You wrote something that people could understand and made the subject intriguing for everyone. Really, great blog you have got here. Alternative Funding
lost keys | March 30, 2022 at 4:10 am

Thanks for the tips guys. They were all great. I have been having issues with being fat both mentally and physically. Thanks to you guys i have been showing improvements. Do post more. lost keys
civaget | March 30, 2022 at 4:17 am

Excellent read, Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting?I have read a few of the articles on your website now, and I really like your style. Thanks a million and please keep up the effective work. 토토커뮤니티
ASIM | March 30, 2022 at 4:28 am

I like to recommend exclusively fine plus efficient information and facts, hence notice it: essay writing format
wallsiom | March 30, 2022 at 4:41 am

Interesting and amazing how your post is! It Is Useful and helpful for me That I like it very much, and I am looking forward to Hearing from your next.. Big Gaming คาสิโนเดิมพันขั้นต่ำ 10 บาท
vrbet69 | March 30, 2022 at 4:44 am

I’m new to the blog world but I’m trying to get started and create my own. Do you require any html coding knowledge to make your own blog? ทดลองเล่นสล็อต Any help would be really appreciated!
wallsiom | March 30, 2022 at 4:50 am

I found your this post while searching for information about blog-related research … It’s a good post .. keep posting and updating information. เปิดยูสเล่น Big Gaming คาสิโนออนไลน์
Johan | March 30, 2022 at 4:51 am

I propose merely very good along with reputable data, consequently, visualize it: hotmail login
Chris Daukaus | March 30, 2022 at 4:52 am

Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Chris Daukaus.
Karyn Bryant | March 30, 2022 at 5:10 am

Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Karyn Bryant.
UK Certificate Attestation | March 30, 2022 at 5:10 am

I wish more authors of this type of content would take the time you did to research and write so well. I am very impressed with your vision and insight. UK Certificate Attestation
Gemini and Aries Friendship | March 30, 2022 at 5:12 am

Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Gemini and Aries Friendship.
Hosting Malta | March 30, 2022 at 5:22 am

WordPress hosting packages come with many plugins installed. SEO plugins, mail plugins, e-commerce plugins are among the main plug-ins that come loaded. But people and businesses using web hosting should add these plugins one by one.

There is special software in WordPress hosting to solve cache problems, one of the problems that can be experienced on the sites.
https://websitedesignmalta.tumblr.com/post/678714366494982144/web-hosting-vallettasoft
Joker123 | Daftar Situs Judi Slot Online & Joker388 Terpercaya | March 30, 2022 at 5:22 am

Hai bettor profesional, selamat datang dan selamat bermain di agen Joker388 terpercaya. Hadirnya kami disini telah menyediakan berbagai macam permainan gambling online yang aman dan nyaman. Kami bukan lah agen abal-abal karena telah memiliki lisensi resmi dari perusahaan PAGCOR (Philippine Amusement and Gambling Corporation. Di agen ini, anda bisa menemukan fasilitas menarik yang memberikan keringanan terhadap aksesnya. Situs profesional kami selalu menjamin kesenangan para member. Bisa dikatakan bahwa kepuasan member adalah kepuasan kami.
Brett Okamoto | March 30, 2022 at 5:23 am

Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Brett Okamoto.
Sagittarius And Gemini Friendship | March 30, 2022 at 5:30 am

Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Sagittarius And Gemini Friendship.
AB | March 30, 2022 at 5:30 am

Awesome blog. I enjoyed reading your articles. This is truly a great read for me. I have bookmarked it and I am looking forward to reading new articles. Keep up the good work! Wealthiest Persons
BO PRIZE 123 DIBAYAR | March 30, 2022 at 5:35 am

Thanks for taking the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love learning more on this topic
tabel-shio-2022.rf.gd/
togel-toto-macau.epizy.com/?i=1
tabel-shio-2022.rf.gd/
47.241.2.79/
Adriana Karembeu | March 30, 2022 at 5:37 am

Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Adriana Karembeu.
BO PRIZE 123 DIBAYAR | March 30, 2022 at 5:37 am

Hobi bermain bettor, bermain di NANA4D tentunya kemengan berapa saja pasti akan dibayar, prize 123 diskon terbesasr
PRIZE 123
Red Prom Dress | March 30, 2022 at 5:40 am

Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Red Prom Dress.
BO PRIZE 123 DIBAYAR | March 30, 2022 at 5:42 am

Hai bettor profesional, selamat datang dan selamat bermain di agen
NANA4D
terpercaya. Hadirnya kami disini telah menyediakan berbagai macam permainan gambling online yang aman dan nyaman. .
wallsiom | March 30, 2022 at 5:46 am

Wow! Such an amazing and helpful post this is. I really really love it. It’s so good and so awesome. I am just amazed. I hope that you continue to do your work like this in the future also Big Gaming คาสิโน
Syed Ammar | March 30, 2022 at 5:48 am

Very efficiently written information. It will be beneficial to anybody who utilizes it, including me. Keep up the good work. For sure i will check out more posts. This site seems to get a good amount of visitors. cd key
Sissi Tuchel | March 30, 2022 at 5:53 am

Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Sissi Tuchel.
fahadhussain | March 30, 2022 at 5:53 am

Why do only so much written on this subject? Here you see more. 롤대리
Sissi Tuchel | March 30, 2022 at 5:55 am

Thanks for your valuable post, Really nice and very informative. Sissi Tuchel.
yousuf | March 30, 2022 at 6:02 am

It?s actually a nice and helpful piece of info. I am satisfied that you shared this helpful info with us. Please stay us up to date like this. Thanks for sharing. educationspike
Alexander | March 30, 2022 at 6:09 am

Thank you for taking the time to discuss this; I have strong feelings about it and would like to learn more about it. Would you mind updating your blog with additional information as you gain experience? It is extremely beneficial to me.
AI in Education Market Size
Alexander | March 30, 2022 at 6:12 am

Thank you for the update; this is a very nice website.
AI in Education Market Opportunities

Revenue Management in Action

See how different industries use RM principles.

Railway Industry in France

165,250 thoughts on “Railway Industry in France”

Leave a Reply