1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I read all your blog posts, and I must say that your quality stuff is really unique and informative.
rotavator price
I am always looking for some free kinds of stuff over the internet. There are also some companies which give free samples. But after visiting your blog, I do not visit too many blogs. Thanks. best shoes for pharmacists
combination of solutions the operator chooses, the Evolution Group brand ensures the world’s best quality.
kingkong112233
에볼루션블랙잭
หวยชัดเจนเบท chudjenbet หวยออนไลน์ เว็บชัดเจนเบท ทันสมัยที่สุดอับดับ 1 ของไทย ท่านสามารถสร้างรายได้มากถึงเดือนละ 100,000 บาท ด้วยอัตราจ่ายหวยที่สุงที่สุด 900/90
https://www.chudjenbet.app/
Your blog is best for users and that is Communicative.
Massey Ferguson Tractor
Your writing is perfect and complete. 메리트카지노 However, I think it will be more wonderful if your post includes additional topics that I am thinking of. I have a lot of posts on my site similar to your topic. Would you like to visit once?
Permainan judi tangkas menjadi salah satu dari sekian banyak jenis game judi online yang populer di dunia, tak terkecuali di Indonesia. Sejak kemunculannya di awal tahun 1980, permainan judi tangkas menjadi sangat terkenal di kalangan pemain judi. Hal ini dikarenakan permainan judi tangkas ini bisa mendatangkan keuntungan yang amat besar saat Anda memainkannya. bolatangkas
These things are very important, good think so – I think so too… KAWS ALONG THE WAY – BLACK
or combination of solutions the operator chooses, the Evolution Group brand ensures the world’s best quality.
kingkong112233
에볼루션블랙잭
We are really grateful for your blog post. You will find a lot of approaches after visiting your post. I was exactly searching for. Thanks for such post and please keep it up. Great work. Personal Ads UK
The look and feel of a house go hand in hand. If you have excellent and expensive furniture, but your home’s paint is worn out, its feel will be compromised. To avoid such a situation, you should call a professional painter quickly to ensure a homey feel.
Painter Services in Lahore
I am curiously much more interested in some other good informative topics. Lucinda Strafford.
Hey, Nice article thanks for sharing this.
CEAT Tyres Price
I am curiously much more interested in some other good informative topics. Kaila Troy.
I am curiously much more interested in some other good informative topics. Diamond Glow Facial.
Thanks for your post. I’ve been thinking about writing a very comparable post over the last couple of weeks. I’ll probably keep it short and sweet and link to this instead if thats cool. Thanks. best rowing machine reviews and guides
Hey, Greetings!
I read your blog it’s very amazing and wonderful and I am interested in your blog. Please update the new blog and if you are a visitor you visit this Link.
Thank you!
Barnet Cabs
This article gives the light in which we can observe the reality. This is very nice one and gives indepth information. Thanks for this nice article. Magento Development Company
it is really a great and helpful piece of info. I am glad that you shared this helpful information with us. Please keep us
온라인카지노
You can also put a chatbox on your blog for more interactivity among readers..`*`: wellness schwarzwald
Hi there, I discovered your blog per Google bit searching for such kinda educational advise moreover your inform beholds very remarkable for me. http://www.jackpotslotpg.com
Our writing pros can help you with Coursework Writing Help On Famous Persons right away. Our assignment assistance service is quite popular among college students, and they recommend it to their friends.
Global AI in Education Market Size
Australia Assignment Help .com’s professionals can help you with professional assignment writing. Our writers are capable of meeting all of your deadlines because they have extensive expertise completing assignments. Take advantage of our Urgent assignment Help Australia services and avoid the stress of completing the difficult task on your own.
Global AI in Education Market Opportunities
Admiring the time and effort you put into your blog and detailed information you offer!.. 가라오케
So it is interesting and very good written and see what they think about other people. jokerslot
i never know the use of adobe shadow until i saw this post. thank you for this! this is very helpful. kalyan matka
that of the interests of their corporate media bosses who are so closely interlocked with government contracts and powerful people in high places.
파워볼사이트 오토배팅
Amazing and unique content man. Really impressed with this blog. Thanks for posting this.
agricultural sprayer
Microsoft Office 2022 Crack stays a part of system that determination brand user lifetime calmer. Microsoft lately unconfined Office 2022, the newest form of its Openings then Mackintosh workplace group, through obliging novel topographies unlocked perfectly hooked on the familiar border.
Cool stuff you have got and you keep update all of us. 가라오케
Interesting article, Thanks for the sharing good information us.
Mahindra Arjun 605
This is one very interesting post. I like the way you write and I will bookmark your blog to my favorites 안전놀이터
Thank you for this information, I have been searching on the same topic for so long and here I got the correct info. Unbelievable thoughts as well as good writing.
veltech university fee structure
We are really grateful for your blog post. You will find a lot of approaches after visiting your post. I was exactly searching for. Thanks for such post and please keep it up. Great work. buy weed near me
Codella.biz
Herhangi bir yeni yazılım sistemi gibi, muhasebe yazılımınızı kullanmak içinde öncelikli olarak biraz yatırım yapmanız gerekiyor. Çünkü bu programların amacı paranın kullanılmasını kolaylaştırmak ve işinizin takibini yapabilmek için önemlidir. Seçeceğiniz bir muhasebe programı sayesinde işlerinizi kolaylaştıracağınız gibi bir kez satın aldığınız, zaman manuel defter tutma ve muhasebe süreçlerini otomatik olarak ele alarak her hafta saatlerce çalışmanızın da önüne geçmiş olacaktır. Çünkü paranın idaresi basit gibi görünse de gider gelir dengesini iyi yapamadığınızda tüm işlerinizin alt üst olmasını sağlayabilirsiniz. Logo muhasebe programı bu işlemlerinizi yapabilmenizde size kolaylık sağlayacaktır.
Kaynak : https://www.resetbilisim.com/sayfalar/logo-fiyat-listesi/30
Thank you because you have been willing to share information with us. we will always appreciate all you have done here because I know you are very concerned with our. 가라오케
I’ve been searching for some decent stuff on the subject and haven’t had any luck up until this point, You just got a new biggest fan!.. kalyan matka
We have sell some products of different custom boxes.it is very useful and very low price please visits this site thanks and please share this post with your friends. 가라오케
Thank you for posting such an excellent essay; I came across your blog and read a couple of your posts. Your writing style appeals to me…
Global Sourdough Market Trends and Competitive Landscape – Forecast 2025
A Subway Gift Card is the best and most appropriate method to provide a delectable gift to your loved ones.
Global Sourdough Market Trends and Competitive Landscape – Forecast 2025 Opportunities
Kbc Sweepstakes Success 2022 listing for facts on line just like Kaun Banega Crorepati.Kbc official website
I think this is an informative post and it is very useful and knowledgeable. therefore, I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. nclex exam
Growtopia dl satın al işlemini kolayca growtopiam ile yaparak DL satın alım yapabilirsiniz.
Growtopia dl satın al işlemini kolayca yapabilir ve dl ye sahip olabilirsiniz.
Thanks, that was a really cool read! 가라오케
It is fine, nonetheless evaluate the information and facts around this correct. textbook answer
Thanks, that was a really cool read 가라오케
It is trendy write-up in addition to i enjoy to read simple things that write-up. your website is usually excellent therefore you include beneficial workers with your blog site. pleasant giving keep writing. Packers and Movers Delhi to Ahmedabad
Thanks for a very interesting blog. What else may I get that kind of info written in such a perfect approach? I’ve a undertaking that I am simply now operating on, and I have been at the look out for such info. 가라오케