1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I’m going to read this. I’ll be sure to come back. thanks for sharing. and also This article gives the light in which we can observe the reality. this is very nice one and gives indepth information. thanks for this nice article… pain o soma 500
Excellent website you have here: so much cool information!.. trend productsproduct trendtrend product review
You have done a amazing job with you website Rechtsanwalt Kassel
Awesome blog. I enjoyed reading your articles. This is truly a great read for me. I have bookmarked it and I am looking forward to reading new articles. Keep up the good work!
165 degree fusible link
I’m gone to inform my little brother, that he should also pay a quick visit this blog on regular basis to obtain updated from most recent
news.
토토
Java Burn Review
It has no added fillers, preservatives, artificial colors or stimulants of any kind.And it is proven to be 100% completely safe…and has zero side effects.Every packet of Java Burn is manufactured right here in the USA in our state of the art FDA approved
Great job for publishing such a beneficial web site. Your web log isn’t only useful but it is additionally really creative too. pain o soma 500mg
Great post, you have pointed out some fantastic points , I likewise think this s a very wonderful website.
rv compartment locks
thankyou this site has been really awesome and great pkv games
this has been really awesome and great rajapoker88
nice post great job keep it up
Thanks for sharing
This specific seems to be definitely excellent. Logo designer in Zambia
For this web site, you will see our account, remember to go through this info.
Trash Chute Slam Latch
I’m not that much of a online reader to be honest but your blogs really nice, keep it up! I’ll go ahead and bookmark your site to come back later. Many thanks. 온라인카지노쿠폰
Superior post keeps up with this exceptional work✅. It’s nice to know that this topic is being also covered on this web site so cheers for taking the time to discuss this! Thanks again and again! tadalafil 100mg
good one
https://pillzpharma.net/
Sharing this on my blog
https://www.dfpetersfieldtaxi.co.uk/
destiny 2 lfg
Amazing knowledge and I like to share this kind of information with my friends and hope they like it they why I do.
nice bLog! its interesting. thank you for sharing…. หวยฮานอยวันนี้
Thanks for taking the time to discuss this, I feel strongly that love and read more on this topic. If possible, such as gain knowledge, would you mind updating your blog with additional information? It is very useful for me. ผลหวยลาว
When I read your article on this topic, the first thought seems profound and difficult. There is also a bulletin board for discussion of articles and photos similar to this topic on my site, but I would like to visit once when I have time to discuss this topic. 메이저사이트
This is really interesting, You’re a very skilled blogger. Hello I am so delighted I located your blog, I admire this article for the well-researched content and excellent wording. I got so involved in this material that I couldn’t stop reading. I am impressed with your work and skill. 바카라사이트 This is my website and it has been very helpful.
My spouse and I absolutely love your blog and find many of your post’s to be exactly I’m looking for. can you offer guest writers to write content for yourself? I wouldn’t mind composing a post or elaborating on a number of the subjects you write about here. Again, awesome site! buy legal passport online
These you will then see the most important thing, the application provides you a website a powerful important internet page: read here,
I found this blog while searching for new information. It was helpful because there was a lot of useful information. If I have any good information, I will share it with you. I’ll visit again.
파워볼사이트 분양
*The next time I read a blog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as much as this one. I mean, I know it was my choice to read, but I actually thought youd have something interesting to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about something that you could fix if you werent too busy looking for attention. situs judi dadu online
https://takip2018-3.blogspot.com/ takipçi almak çok kolay ke.
This is very interesting, You are a very skilled blogger. I’ve joined your rss feed and look forward to seeking more of your wonderful keonhacai. Also, I have shared your website in my social networks!
Sweet site, super pattern , real clean and utilize genial . new song 2022 download
We would like to thank you just as before for the stunning ideas you offered Jesse when preparing her own post-graduate research and, most importantly, regarding providing every one of the ideas in one blog post. In case we had been aware of your web page a year ago, we might have been saved the unwanted measures we were implementing. Thank you very much. new hindi song 2022 download
thanks. Aplikasi Togel
Are not they in a hurry? Do not they want to find the outpost? Need not Kirk get back to the ship? Yet they sit there, having a talk and barbecue around a log fire. https://ext-5882471.livejournal.com/458.html
Thank you for some other informative website. The place else may just I get that kind of information written in such a perfect method? I have a venture that I am simply now running on, and I’ve been at the glance out for such info. smartphone
I might suggest solely beneficial in addition to trusted facts, and so find it: 美国代写
Thanks for taking the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love learning more on this topic. If possible, as you gain expertise, would you mind updating your blog with extra information? It is extremely helpful for me. US Visa Uwendung
I truly regard this muddling post that you have obliged us. I guarantee this would be monster for a goliath piece of individuals. W88
Initial You got a awesome blog. I determination be involved in plus uniform minutes. I view you got truly very functional matters. I determination be always checking your blog blesss. https://www.cbdsense.de
I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoying every little bit of it I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you post. 먹튀폴리스
When i actually procured against your website check having said that contributing knowledge just a little touching submits. Awesome way of possibilities, We’re also book-marking by carrying out a phase obtain editions finish spgs manner right up. vidalista 40
The main reason why it’s always a lot better that one can significant researching preceding doing. You’ll be able to share improved page using this method. istanbul airport transfer
Spot i’ll carry on with this write-up, I honestly think this site requirements considerably more consideration. I’ll likely to end up once again to study a great deal more, thanks for that information. pokergalaxy
Really helpfull and great Information, Please check this out! wifitoto
A new purchased (or older) Canon printer needs to be set up.https://ij.start.cannon
I think this is an informative post and it is very useful and knowledgeable. therefore, I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. https://www.cbdsense.de
I am constantly browsing online for ideas that can benefit me. Thanks! new song 2022 download
I adore your wp web template, wherever would you obtain it through? 2022 hindi song download
Artı 360 olarak bizde bu gerçeklikten yola çıkarak bize gelen tüm müşterilerimizin beklentileri doğrultusunda dijital dünyayla tanışmalarını sağlayabiliriz. Ürünlerinizi sunarken insanların bu ürünlere kolay erişmesini sağlayabileceğiniz gibi satın alma sürecinizi de daha hızlı bir hale getirebilirsiniz. Kullanıcı sitenize geldiğinde istediği bir ürünü kolayca bulmalı ve bu ürünün siparişini de hızlı bir şekilde tamamlayabilmelidir. Kısacası günümüzde artık tüm sektörlerin dijitalde var olması ve varlıklarını hissettirebilmesi gerekiyor. Elbette bunu yaparken de zaman kaybedebilecekleri kişilerle ya da firmalarla çalışmamaları gerekiyor. Biz tüm müşterilerimize 7/24 destek vererek başarıl olmalarını sağlıyoruz.
Kaynak : https://www.arti360.com.tr/
hi and thanks for the blog post i have been on the lookout for this specific information on-line for sum time now therefore appreciate it new song 2022 download
Wonderful blog! I found it while surfing around on Yahoo News. Do you have any suggestions on how to get listed in Yahoo News? I’ve been trying for a while but I never seem to get there! Appreciate it. login sbobet
nice post, keep up with this interesting work. It really is good to know that this topic is being covered also on this web site so cheers for taking time to discuss this! sbobet88