1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I have read your blog it is very helpful for me. I want to say thanks to you. I have bookmark your site for future updates. buy league of legends account
線上百家樂
I regularly visit this site to check out the events and functions and sometimes for resources. However, it has been a while that you have shared some news about latest or upcoming events.
Sweet site, super pattern , real clean and utilize genial . leadership vs management
Great post, I appreciat website owners should learn a lot from this web blog its rattling user genial . leadership in management
I am a new user of this site so here i saw multiple articles and posts posted by this site,I curious more interest in some of them hope you will give more information on this topics in your next articles. Get More Info
Nice post. I was checking constantly this blog and I’m impressed! Extremely useful info specially the last part I care for such information a lot. I was seeking this certain info for a long time. Thank you and good luck. Glasreinigung Göttingen
I recently came across your blog and have been reading along. I thought I would leave my first comment. I don’t know what to say except that I have enjoyed reading. buy league of legends account
Thanks for sharing the post.. parents are worlds best person in each lives of individual..they need or must succeed to sustain needs of the family. Free Meditation Music
Welcome to Home Looks, one of the UK’s leading retailers of affordable, high-end, specialty-made rugs. There’s no doubt about it, rugs are a staple for any home. Rugs Sale
Thanks for your post. I’ve been thinking about writing a very comparable post over the last couple of weeks, I’ll probably keep it short and sweet and link to this instead if thats cool. Thanks. buy league of legends account
Wow i can say that this is another great article as expected of this blog.Bookmarked this site.. Depression Anxiety Stress Test
Hello. Cool article. There’s an issue with the website in internet explorer, and you might want to test this… The browser is the marketplace chief and a large element of other folks will miss your great writing due to this problem. marketing management consultancy
Fabulous post✅ you have denoted out some fantastic points regarding
game rikfun club
Fabulous post, you have denoted out some fantastic points, I likewise think this s a very wonderful website. I will visit again for more quality contents and also, recommend this site to all. Thanks. Warmtepomp offerte
I figure this article can be enhanced a tad. There are a couple of things that are dangerous here, and if you somehow managed to change these things, this article could wind up a standout amongst your best ones. I have a few thoughts with respect to how you can change these things. 먹튀검증업체
My partner and i still can not quite assume that I could be one of those reading through the important recommendations found on this blog. My family and I are sincerely thankful for your generosity and for presenting me potential to pursue the chosen career path. Appreciate your sharing the important information I acquired from your web-site. strategy business plan example
I enjoy your writing style really enjoying this web site . training services
Some really nice stuff on this internet site , I enjoy it. business and management consultancy
Thanks for this great post, i find it very interesting and very well thought out and put together. I look forward to reading your work in the future. Zonnepanelen plaatsen
Just saying thanks will not just be sufficient, for the fantasti c lucidity in your writing. I will instantly grab your rss feed to stay informed of any updates. Covid -19 compliance
Thanks for taking the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love learning more on this topic. If possible, as you gain expertise, would you mind updating your blog with extra information? It is extremely helpful for me. hotmail
Thank you very much for this useful article. I like it. https://farmaciaonlineitalia24.com/
Thanks for another wonderful post. Where else could anybody get that type of info in such an ideal way of writing? buy league of legends account
Great work✅ This is the type of information that should be shared around the web. I also have some information related to on my website✅
description of a durban poison
There is no doubt that Telegram is one of the best virtual networks in the world and is in the top three networks in terms of users in world, so that more than 500 million were installed!
https://www.addtelegrammember.com/
Cool stuff you have got and you keep update all of us. buy league of legends account
daftar maniaslot
MANIASLOT SITUS GAMING ONLINE TERBESAR DI INDONE SIAJIKA ANDA MENCARI KELAS ENTERTAINMENT, GAME KASINO ONLINE TERBAIK DENGAN OPERATOR TERKEMUKA, ANDA MENGUNJUNGI TEMPAT YANG TEPAT. MANIASLOT ADALAH SITUS GAMING ONLINE TERBESAR DI INDONESIA, DIBANGUN MENGGUNAKAN SERVER GAME TERBAIK DI ASIA. BAHKAN, ANDA DAPAT MENIKMATI PERMAINAN KASINO YANG PALING DIJAMIN OLEH CHIC TERBAIK. MANIASLOT MENAWARKAN OLAHRAGA OLAHRAGA, IDNLIVE, LOKASI, MANIASLOT, LOTRE, E-SPORTS, TEXAS POKER, DAN PERMAINAN KASINO GRATIS. SEBAGAI PLAYER BANDAR IDN CASH ONLINE, ANDA JUGA AKAN MENERIMA BERBAGAI MACAM PROMOSI & BONUS YANG DAPAT DIPILIH. BAHKAN, KAMI MENYEDIAKAN BERBAGAI MACAM EVENT YANG DAPAT ANDA IKUTI HANYA DI SITUS MANIASLOT
MANIASLOT TRANSAKSI MUDAH & CEPAT
SEBAGAI SITUS SPORTBOOKS TERPERCAYA MANIASLOT MENAWARKAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERBAIK. BAHKAN, SETIAP PROSES TRANSAKSI DEPOSIT & WITHDRAW DAPAT DI LAKUKAN DENGAN CEPAT & MUDAH, SERTA AKAN DI BANTU OLEH CUSTOMER SERVICE YANG PROFESIONAL 24/7. ANDA DAPAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE PEMBAYARAN VIA BANK BCA, BNI, BRI, MANDIRI, CIMB NIAGA, DANAMON, JENIUS, PANIN, BANK MEGA & PERMATA. SELAIN ITU, KAMI JUGA MENERIMA DEPOSIT E-WALLET OVO, GOPAY & DANA.
If you don”t mind proceed with this extraordinary work and I anticipate a greater amount of your magnificent blog entries news headlines
در این مطلب قصد داریم در خصوص اجاره سند و نحوه اجاره کردن آن صحبت کنیم. معمولا شنیده ایم که سند را می توان به عنوان ضامنی برای آزادی با قید و شرط زندانی یا شخص بازداشت شده استفاده می کنند. اما به تازگی از سند برای دریافت وام و تسهیلات بانکی نیز استفاده می شود. به همین خاطر بازار اجاره سند بسیار شده است. در این مقاله قصد داریم نکاتی در خصوص این مسئله بیان کنیم.
https://edalatafarinan.ir/
Love what you’re doing here guys, keep it up you also go here: merchant services ISO
This one is good. Keep up the good work I also visit here: and I get lot of information. how to start a payment processing company
It is truly a well-researched content and excellent wording. I got so engaged in this material that I couldn’t wait reading. I am impressed with your work and skill. Thanks. hotmail sign up
Thanks for picking out the time to discuss this, I feel great about it and love studying more on this topic. It is extremely helpful for me. Thanks for such a valuable help again. Airco Hasselt
superb post. Ne’er knew this, appreciate it for letting me know. management vs leadership
mpo88
Mpo888 Merupakan Agen Situs Judi Slot Online Terpercaya, Daftar Mpo888 Sekarang Juga Dengan Deposit Minimal Rp.10.000, Link alternatif Mpo888.
The website is looking bit flashy and it catches the visitors eyes. Design is pretty simple and a good user friendly interface. Airco
http://165.22.222.178/
KartuPoker merupakan salah satu agen idn poker terbaik. Daftar kartupoker sekarang, situs kartu poker online terpercaya. Minimal deposit Rp 10.000.
Yes, I am entirely agreed with this article, and I just want say that this article is very helpful and enlightening. I also have some precious piece of concerned info !!!!!!Thanks. buy league of legends account
Superbly written article, if only all bloggers offered the same content as you, the internet would be a far better place.. Good Search
This article was written by a real thinking writer without a doubt. I agree many of the with the solid points made by the writer. I’ll be back day in and day for further new updates. buy league of legends account This article was written by a real thinking writer without a doubt. I agree many of the with the solid points made by the writer. I’ll be back day in and day for further new updates.
Deep Bhardwaj is a leading SEO expert in India with 7+ years of experience. He is a top-rated SEO consultant and has a passion for search engine optimization. Hire us to get first-page ranking and more organic traffic from Google. Visit our website to know more about our SEO services in India. https://deepbhardwaj.com/seo-expert-in-india/
I’m not sure exactly why but this website is loading extremely slow for me. Is anyone else having this issue or is it a issue on my end? I’ll check back later and see if the problem still exists. starting a payment processing company
Nice post. I was checking constantly this blog and I am impressed! Extremely helpful information specially the last part I care for such info a lot. I was seeking this particular information for a very long time. Thank you and good luck. Warmtepomp
Your #1 Source for Free Games and Apps Downloads for Android phones. All APK free downloads here are guaranteed to be 200% safe and legal.
Click here
I can see that you are an expert at your field! I am launching a website soon, and your information will be very useful for me.. Thanks for all your help and wishing you all the success in your business. buy league of legends account
You’ve got some interesting points in this article. I would have never considered any of these if I didn’t come across this. Thanks!. buy league of legends account
Välkommen till Eu medicer – Vi är ett av de mest rekommenderade nätverken när det gäller receptbelagda mediciner online Sverige. Här tillhandahåller vi nästan alla typer av sovande tabletter online till de bästa priserna. Vi strävar efter att ge våra internationella kunder den bästa hälsan. På UKSLP tillhandahåller vi gratis frakt på alla beställningar över £ 199, 100% pengarna tillbaka-garanti och onlinechattstöd från 15.00 till midnatt.
köpa ritalin
i read a lot of stuff and i found that the way of writing to clearifing that exactly want to say was very good so i am impressed and ilike to come again in future.. Best Search Engine
Thanks so much for sharing this awesome info! I am looking forward to see more postsby you! buy league of legends account
HOYA娛樂城
Wonderful blog post. This is absolute magic from you! I have never seen a more wonderful post than this one. You’ve really made my day today with this. I hope you keep this up!