1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Your posts always leave me feeling uplifted and motivated. Thank you for sharing your wisdom and insights with us.
what is a dui in virginia
Cannabis has truly been a game-changer for me. Whether it’s easing my chronic pain or helping me unwind after a stressful day, I’m continually amazed by /pink jet fuel aaaa gasgang vape pen 1000mg indica versatility and effectiveness. With each passing day, I’m more convinced of its therapeutic potential. Here’s to spreading awareness and breaking down barriers to access for all who could benefit from this incredible plant. Cheers to the green revolution.
Het is verstandig om verschillende klinieken te onderzoeken en indien mogelijk persoonlijke consulten te plannen om een weloverwogen beslissing te nemen.
Locatie: https://hairtec.nl/
Haartransplantatie is een ingreep die steeds populairder wordt bij mensen die kampen met haarverlies of dunner wordend haar. Deze chirurgische procedure biedt een blijvende oplossing door haarzakjes van een donorgebied naar het gebied met haaruitval te verplaatsen. Bij het overwegen van een haartransplantatie zijn er twee belangrijke aspecten om te overwegen: de kosten en de keuze van een geschikte haarkliniek.
Bron : https://hairtec.nl/haartransplantatie/
Thank you for sharing your expertise and inspiring others to excel in the dynamic world of business management! Please take the time to experience with me and try to visit this online gaming just click here! https://bit.ly/wagi777100bonus
Thank you for sharing your expertise and inspiring others to excel in the dynamic world of business management! Please take the time to experience with me and try to visit this online gaming just click here! https://bit.ly/panalobetfree777
The Hydraulic suction filter is a critical component in hydraulic systems, tasked with removing contaminants from the fluid as it enters the pump. By trapping debris like dirt, metal particles, and other contaminants, it prevents damage to the pump and other sensitive components downstream. Regular maintenance and replacement of the suction filter ensure optimal performance and extend the lifespan of the hydraulic system.
Like other types of loans, you will acquire fast cash if you are approved with express cash loans. In order to receive the finest offer on a Dallas mortgage financial loan, it is generally clever to seek advice from with various Dallas home loan lenders. Loans which are meant for poor credit holder are easy, sound and beneficial but as an awakened borrower; you should know that loans for bad credit come up with a higher amount of money compared to those loans which are meant for good credit holder.
check this article
It’s a game. Five dollars is free. Try it It’s not an easy game ->-> 토토사이트
..It’s a game. Five dollars is free. Try it It’s not an easy game ->-> 토토사이트
…It’s a game. Five dollars is free. Try it It’s not an easy game ->-> 토토사이트
After study a few of the websites on your own site now, and I truly such as your technique for blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark web site list and will be checking back soon. Pls look at my internet site in addition and let me know how you feel. Click here
The article was pretty enjoyable. For me and, I’m sure, for every commenter here, it turned out to be quite beneficial! Being entertained in addition to being informed is always pleasant! RIMBA89
Fascinating post. this is my first time visiting here. I love to read such an excellent article. Thanks
https://artsupplies.pk
Fascinating post. this is my first time visiting here. I love to read such an excellent article. Thanks
https://www.thestationerycompany.pk/collections/accessories
Промокод 1xBet 2024 – WAX777, новые пользователи букмекерской компании могут воспользоваться приветственным бонусом в размере 100% от суммы депозита до 32 500 рублей (или эквивалентную сумму в другой валюте €100). промокод на 1xbet
If you are viewing come up with alter in most of the living, starting point generally L . a . Weight reduction cutting down on calories platform are a wide stair as part of your attaining that most agenda. weight loss bandar togel online
ToThePointSEO is your ultimate destination for comprehensive SEO knowledge. Our website is meticulously crafted to provide you with all the essential information along with the best Webiste Copywriter services.
Immigration Solicitors… […]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[…]… togel online resmi
MusicVerter is a free SoundCloud to MP3 downloader. Download any SoundCloud song or playlist directly into an MP3 file for free with just one click. Try it now! SoundCloud Downloader – SoundCloud To MP3 Converter. SoundCloud to MP3
Most of the time I don’t make comments on websites, but I’d like to say that this article really forced me to do so. Really nice post! zelda pro controller
Hey there! Someone in my Facebook group shared this website with us so I came to check it out. I’m definitely enjoying the information. I’m book-marking and will be tweeting this to my followers! Superb blog and wonderful design. NSFW AI Girlfriend
Perhaps you should update the php server on your webhost, WordPress is kinda slow. NSFW AI Girlfriend
I’m continually impressed by the expertise and passion demonstrated by the contributors. Bostoto
Watch drama asian Online for free releases in Korean, Taiwanese, Hong Kong,Thailand and Chinese with English subtitles free dramacool.
Your website has become an indispensable tool in my quest for self-improvement and enlightenment. Kimtoto
Your generosity and compassion make the world a better place Bostoto
Embrace the Power of Digital Marketing with our Expertise! As a leading business consulting firm in India , we understand the significance of navigating the digital landscape effectively. With our tailored strategies, we’ll help your business soar to new heights in the digital realm. From leveraging e-commerce platforms to mastering omni-channel integration, our team ensures your brand stands out amidst the online noise. Let us guide you through the intricacies of digital marketing, optimizing SEO, social media, and content strategies for maximum impact. With cybersecurity at the forefront, your data remains secure while we unlock growth opportunities in the digital sphere. Trust our expertise to propel your business forward in the dynamic world of digital marketing! #DigitalMarketing #BusinessConsulting #India business consulting firms in india
Assignment Sold
brings you exclusive listings like Junction Point, M2 Condo, and Klein Estates. Find your dream home at 4038 Hwy 7 East, Markham, or 939 Eglinton Avenue East. Explore luxury living at Edge Tower, Oscar Residences, or Lake and Town. With Assignment Sold, discover the perfect condo at ANX Condos, Keeley Condo, or Upper East Village. Your ideal home is just a click away!”
You have noted terribly attention-grabbing points ! ps good net site here. Overhead Industrial Door
Tidak peduli apakah Anda individu yang mencari pengalaman perpesanan yang lebih personal atau bisnis yang ingin mengoptimalkan komunikasi, link-wagb.id menyambut Anda untuk menjelajahi dunia GB WhatsApp. Komitmen kami terhadap keunggulan, inovasi, dan kepuasan pengguna membuat kami menjadi penyedia solusi perpesanan yang terpercaya.
Your website has encouraged me to embrace authenticity and embrace my uniqueness. Kimtoto
I am without phrases. This can be a splendid blog net web page and extraordinarily taking element also. Fantastic works of paintings! That isn’t always in fact masses originating from an wonderful amateur article creator much like me, despite the fact that it’s all I can also moreover truely point out following diving on your content material. Good sentence structure as well as language. No more much like a few distinct web websites. A man or woman simply understand thoroughly what you?Re speaking approximately too. Lots that you just helped me need to explore an lousy lot greater. The weblog website has become a stepping-stone for me for my part, my pal. 호빠
the Iglesias family really have the talent for singing, Enrique is just one the best singers that i know* thca flower
It’s a game. Five dollars is free. Try it It’s not an easy game ->-> 토토사이트
..It’s a game. Five dollars is free. Try it It’s not an easy game ->-> 토토사이트
Good write-up, I¡¦m normal visitor of one¡¦s blog, maintain up the nice operate, and It is going to be a regular visitor for a long time. akun pro kamboja
I am often to blogging and that i truly appreciate your content. This great article has really peaks my interest. I’m going to bookmark your blog and keep checking achievable info. NSFW AI Girlfriend
I’d should consult you here. Which isn’t some thing I usually do! I quite like reading a post that will make people believe. Also, thank you for allowing me to comment! NSFW AI Girlfriend
Cannabis has truly been a game-changer for me. Whether it’s easing my chronic pain or helping me unwind after a stressful day, I’m continually amazed by mix match 1oz aaa gasgang vape pen 1000mg indica versatility and effectiveness. With each passing day, I’m more convinced of its therapeutic potential. Here’s to spreading awareness and breaking down barriers to access for all who could benefit from this incredible plant. Cheers to the green revolution.
The truth about hgh human growth hormone supplements
HGH supplements for recovery after surgery
I love your web design, wherever did you obtain it through? kegiatan adventure saat weekend
Thanks a great deal for providing individuals with a very wonderful possiblity to read critical reviews from this blog. It’s always very type and as well , pemasangan pipa gas
thank you for your informations , i like the website very much NSFW Character AI
Medical Grade Cleaning Products. We’re trusted by Hospitals and Loved by Everyone. Made in the USA Hand sanitizers
After study many of the websites on the web site now, we genuinely much like your means of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark internet site list and will also be checking back soon. Pls consider my web site at the same time and inform me what you consider. NSFW AI Girlfriend
Hey there! Someone in my Facebook group shared this website with us so I came to check it out. I’m definitely enjoying the information. I’m book-marking and will be tweeting this to my followers! Superb blog and wonderful design. NSFW AI Girlfriend
Very informative and good structure of subject matter, now that’s user genial (:. NSFW AI Girlfriend
Perhaps you should update the php server on your webhost, WordPress is kinda slow. NSFW AI Girlfriend
Impressive web site, Distinguished feedback that I can tackle. Im moving forward and may apply to my current job as a pet sitter, which is very enjoyable, but I need to additional expand. Regards. insights consultancy in uae