1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Hello I am so delighted I located your blog, I really located you by mistake, while I was watching on google for something else, Anyways I am here now and could just like to say thank for a tremendous post and a all round entertaining website. Please do keep up the great work. samsung a12 price in pakistan
amazing blog!….. english to arabic translation
https://kepalabergetarlive.cam/
marriage certificate translation service
Wow It is a great contents that I ever seen.วิเคราะห์บอลไทย
สมัครแทงบอลทายผู้ชนะเดิมพันขั้นต่ำ10บาท
UFA365 แทงบอลทายผู้ชนะ เว็บเดิมพันออนไลน์ที่มาแรงที่สุด เดิมพันขั้นต่ำ 10 บาท ฝาก-ถอนไม่มีขั้นต่ำ เดิมพันเว็บตรงไม่ผ่านเอเย่นต์
wonderrrrr
https://kepalabergetarlive.cam/
You made some respectable points there. I looked on the internet for the issue and found most people will go along with with your website. Rohan antara
Thanks, that was a really cool read! best dropshipping suppliers
Similar to web-sites are essential since give a large volume linked with functional specifics… 먹튀검증사이트
en.fibermint.com, is a fantastic resource for everything related to Fiber optic termination box. I’m impressed by the in-depth information and product offerings you provide in this niche. Keep up the excellent work!
Fiber optic termination box
After 10 years of development, we have gathered outstanding talents in creative design, machinery, electrical appliances, multi-material application, sculpture, coloring and other related fields, we provide customers with high quality unique entertainment products and customized services. China Parade Float Skirting Diy Factories
Adjust your altitude.รีวิว เครื่องประดับ
I’ve been searching for some decent stuff on the subject and haven’t had any luck up until this point, You just got a new biggest fan!.. about dropshipping business
You need to get involved in a tournament personally of the best blogs on the internet. I most certainly will recommend this web site! snorkeling lembongan
It’s difficult to get knowledgeable men and women with this topic, nevertheless, you be understood as there’s more you’re preaching about! Thanks free hunting games
VOR News is a non-partisan news organization. It is not designed to promote any particular political agenda, but rather to educate and inform citizens.
Trudeau
بهترین کلینیک کاشت ابرو در تهران
https://www.jarahonline.com/the-best-eyebrow-transplant-clinic-in-tehran-cost-and-work-sample/
بهترین کلینیک کاشت مو در تهران
https://www.jarahonline.com/the-best-hair-transplant-clinic-in-tehran-year-cost-and-work-sample/
The action comedy Red is directed by Robert Schewentke and stars Bruce Willis, Mary Louise Parker, John Malkovich, Morgan Freeman, Helen Mirren, Karl Urban and Brian Cox. Binance Bot
It’s interesting to learn about the different aspects of the industry, including the types of trains, pricing strategies tinkerbellcostume shop, and service offerings. The comparison to the airline industry and the insights into revenue management are particularly informative.
This might be a incredible blog, ought to you be worried in doing an interview about the way you designed it? If so email me! StopWatt
I read this article. I think You put a lot of effort to create this article. I appreciate your work realme 5i price in pakistan
Very informative post ! There is a lot of information here that can help any business get started with a successful social networking campaign ! xs max price in pakistan
But wanna remark that you have a very decent internet site , I love the design it really stands out. bong88 link
As I website possessor I believe the subject material here is rattling fantastic , appreciate it for your efforts. bong88 net
Nolimit City merupakan provider terpopuler dan tergacor hari ini pada situs ALKTOTO.
แทงบอลทายผู้ชนะ
UFA365 แทงบอลทายผู้ชนะ เว็บเดิมพันออนไลน์ที่มาแรงที่สุด เดิมพันขั้นต่ำ 10 บาท ฝาก-ถอนไม่มีขั้นต่ำ เดิมพันเว็บตรงไม่ผ่านเอเย่นต์
I love your blog.. very nice colors & theme. Did you create this website yourself or did you hire someone to do it for you? Plz answer back as I’m looking to create my own blog and would like to know where u got this from. thanks maximize
유리막 코팅은 자동차 유리나 건물 유리 등에 적용하여 물방울이 쉽게 미끄러지지 않고 오염물질이 덜 부착되도록 하는 처리 방법을 말합니다. 아래는 자동차 유리에 유리막코팅 방법을 설명합니다.
주의사항: 유리막 코팅은 잘못된 방법으로 하면 유리에 손상을 줄 수 있으므로, 정확한 지침을 따라 진행하는 것이 중요합니다. 또한, 제조사의 지침서를 따르는 것이 좋습니다.
유리 청소: 먼저 자동차 유리를 깨끗이 세척합니다. 유리에 먼지, 오일, 오염물질 등이 남아 있으면 코팅이 제대로 되지 않을 수 있으므로 주의가 필요합니다. 유리 클리너나 세척용 알코올을 사용하여 깨끗하게 닦아냅니다.
코팅제 발라주기: 유리막 코팅제를 키트에 포함된 지시사항에 따라 사용합니다.
This information is magnificent. I understand and respect your clear-cut points. I am impressed with your writing style and how well you express your thoughts. how to hack instagram id 2023 free
Nice post! This is a very nice blog that I will definitively come back to more times this year! Thanks for informative post. pcp
Thank you for providing such great information. I really like that, I have some suggestions you might like Pro Standard Jackets
We have all gained some very similar enthrallment it does not take web blog appreciate all things comprehensively aside from well then, let me in fact realize you feel who. Visa sur passeport
I would like to say superb blog make me .เกม Steam มาใหม่ 2023
สล็อตฝากไม่มีขั้นต่ำ สล็อตเล่นง่ายได้เงินจริง ระบบฝาก-ถอน AUTO 30 วินาทีเท่านั้น สล็อตแจกเครดิตฟรี สล็อตฝากไม่มีขั้นต่ำ มาแรงที่สุดในชั่วโมงนี้ เพราะระบบของราไม่ต้องโหลด app ไม่ต้องcopyรหัสมาใส่แอพให้ยุ่งยาก เพราะ สล็อตฝากไม่มีขั้นต่ำ ของเราท่านสามารถเล่นผ่านหน้าเว็บได้เลยไม่ได้ต้องโหลดแอพใดใดทั้งสิ้น
nice site hdmovies50
สล็อตฝากไม่มีขั้นต่ำ สล็อตเล่นง่ายได้เงินจริง ระบบฝาก-ถอน AUTO 30 วินาทีเท่านั้น สล็อตแจกเครดิตฟรี สล็อตฝากไม่มีขั้นต่ำ มาแรงที่สุดในชั่วโมงนี้ เพราะระบบของราไม่ต้องโหลด app ไม่ต้องcopyรหัสมาใส่แอพให้ยุ่งยาก เพราะ สล็อตฝากไม่มีขั้นต่ำ ของเราท่านสามารถเล่นผ่านหน้าเว็บได้เลยไม่ได้ต้องโหลดแอพใดใดทั้งสิ้น
Thanks for sharing beautiful content. I got information from your blog. keep sharing
es nueva jersey un estado sin culpa para el divorcio
Hi, I am Rita Shah. I live in Kolkata. I am 23 years old and work with firozakhan in Kolkata which is the no.1 escort service in Kolkata in Kolkata.
Website:- https://firozakhan.com
Hi, I am Seema Shah. I live in Udaipur. I am 23 years old and work with aanviescorts in Udaipur which is the no.1 Call Girl in Udaipur in Udaipur.
Website:- https://aanviescorts.com/
Insights gained from jailbreak experiments can inform the development of AI models. Developers can use this feedback to refine their models and make them more reliable and responsible. The Role of ChatGPT Jailbreak Prompts in AI Research
Get online coupons, coupon codes, discounts, and promo codes from BeYourCoupons.com We have thousands of coupons and new coupons codes added daily
i can take for granted you are an expert on this subject bong88 net
In conclusion, ChatGPT 20k Nickvui is a powerful tool with great potential. Its advanced language understanding and versatility make it a valuable asset for various tasks.
Writing is my passion this is why it is straightforward for me to do article writing in much much less than a hour or so~ Block paving
เคล็ดลับที่จะทำให้คุณเป็นผู้เชี่ยวชาญในรถขยะอัดท้าย
สิ่งที่ควรรู้ เกี่ยวกับรถขยะอัดท้าย
I have added and shared your site to my social media accounts to send people back to your site because I am sure they will find it extremely helpful too.
cart flower
I think this is an informative post and it is very useful and knowledgeable. therefore, I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article.
cart flower
Tulisan yang mendalam dan bermakna! 👌 jasa penerjemah tersumpah terdekat