1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
These things are very important,Halfway house
Thanks for this post. I definitely agree with what you are saying. I have been talking about this subject a lot lately with my brother so hopefully this will get him to see my point of view. Fingers crossed!
Takeout Times reviews
I am happy to find this post very useful for me, as it contains lot of information. I always prefer to read the quality content and this thing I found in you post. Thanks for sharing. white label payment gateway
Your content is nothing short of brilliant in many ways. I think this is engaging and eye-opening material. Thank you so much for caring about your content and your readers. white label payment service provider
معرفی ناب زیست
Thank you because you have been willing to share information with us. we will always appreciate all you have done here because I know you are very concerned with our. Buy USA Passport
I am lucky that I discovered this web site, just the right info that I was looking for! aThemeArt
International Movers firmamız taşımacılık işlemi için gerekli yetki belgesine sahip olduğundan dolayı taşımacılıkla ilgili gümrük işlemlerinin hiçbirinde sorun yaşamazsınız. Bize ulaşmanız halinde öncelikli olarak sizden ihtiyaç duyduğumuz bilgileri alır ve firmamız çalışanlarını görevlendirerek adresinizde durum değerlendirmesi yapmasını isteriz. Eşya taşıma sürecinde eşyaların incelenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Çünkü taşınması sağlanacak olan tüm eşyaların aynı zamanda zarar görmeden yeni adreslerine ulaştırılması gerekir. Tüm süreç içerisinde güvenli bir yolculuğun gerçekleşmesi için yalnızca taşıyıcı elemanlarımız değil aynı zamanda şoförlerimizin de kendi alanlarında en iyisi olmasına dikkat ederiz. Sonuç olarak biz taşıdığımız eşyanın sizin için önemli olduğunu bilir ve o hassasiyeti göz önünde bulundururuz. Eşyalarınızın adresinizden alınması, araca yüklenmesi ve yolculuğa hazır hale getirilebilmesi için yapılması gereken ne varsa hepsini en ince ayrıntısına kadar dikkat ederek gerçekleştiririz.
Kaynak : https://alfaomegaworld.com/
Thanks for this post, I am a big fan of this website would like to go on updated. Minecraft bow
Every weekend i used to go to see this site, as i want enjoyment 안전놀이터, since this this site conations genuinely fastidious funny data too.
Everything has its own value, but this is really precious information✅ shared by Author
Site
Feel free to visit my website: 텍사스홀덤사이트
Great blog! Do you have any tips for aspiring writers? I’m hoping to start my own blog soon but I’m a little lost on everything.
Support my website: 파칭코사이트인포
I am curious to find out what blog system you happen to be working with? I’m experiencing some small security problems with my latest site and I would like to find something more secure.
Hi there, the whole thing is going well here and ofcourse every
one is sharing information, that’s really fine, keep up writing.
View at: 슬롯머신777사이트
Thank you for your idea. You are such an incredible problem solver.
View at: 슬롯머신777사이트
View at: 슬롯머신777사이트
I appreciate your critical thinking. Great job!
Thanks, this is exactly what I was looking for.
Support my website: 파칭코
I really enjoyed reading your blog. It was very well written and easy to understand. Unlike other blogs that I have read which are actually not very good. Thank you so much!
Data Science Training in Bangalore
I have voiced some of the posts on your website now, and I really like your blogging style. I added it to my list of favorite blogging sites and will be back soon …
Digital Marketing Training in Bangalore
I wanted to leave a little comment to support you and wish you the best of luck. We wish you the best of luck in all of your blogging endeavors.
Artificial Intelligence Training in Bangalore
The Extraordinary blog went amazed by the content that they have developed in a very descriptive manner. This type of content surely ensures the participants explore themselves. Hope you deliver the same near the future as well. Gratitude to the blogger for the efforts.
Machine Learning Course in Bangalore
The reason of Diabacore is basic, to help those experiencing diabetes, explicitly type 2 diabetes control their insulin levels normally and in the end invert the impacts of diabetes.Learn More
Diabacore Reviews
a natural dietary supplement that aids weight loss by inducing ketosis.
Thank you for giving me great information bốt gác di động
Quality articles or reviews is the important to interest the people to pay a quick
visit the website, that’s what this site is providing.온라인카지노
온라인바둑이
fastidious piece of writing and pleasant urging commented here, I am truly enjoying by these.
This is my first time visit at here and 온라인카지노
i am genuinely happy to read all at alone place.
Thumbs up guys your doing a really good job hipnologos em ribeirão
You obviously know what youre talking about, why throw away your 안전놀이터추천 intelligence on just posting videos to your blog when you could be giving us something enlightening to read?
This is important, though it’s necessary to help you head over to it weblink: regressão de vidas passadas ribeirão preto
That may be additionally a fantastic post i truly loved understanding. It isn’t really on a daily basis we carry the opportunity to uncover another thing. penis envy mushrooms
I really like what you guys tend to be up too.
This type of clever work and coverage! Keep up the superb works
guys I’ve added you guys to blogroll
고스톱 점수
I would appreciate you that you pick up an important topic to write a thoroughly informative post on. I hope that you never stop and keep posting such valuable content
고군분투 토토사이트
تعمیر جاروبرقی یک فرایند تخصصی است ؛ یاراسرویس در صفحه تعمیر جاروبرقی وب سایت خود بیشتر سعی داشته به مخاطبان خود اطلاعاتی راجع به ایرادات احتمالی دستگاه ماکروفر بدهد و به شما توصیه می کند که هرگز در خانه شخصا دست به تعمیر دستگاه نزنید ؛ حتی یاراسرویس با تجربه نیم قرنی خود، به شما کاربران عزیز اکیدا توصیه می نماید به تکنسین های در خانه هم اجازه باز کردن دستگاه را ندهید ، این کار نیازمند ابزارآلات حرفه ای و خاص می باشد
https://yaraservices.com/vacuum-cleaner-repair/
Addison Rae is an American social media star who has earned popularity through the TikTok app. Not only on the lip-syncing app but addisonre is also popular on the photo-sharing app, Instagram. Addison Rae
Achtformpool
Addison Rae is an American social media star who has earned popularity through the TikTok app. Not only on the lip-syncing app but addisonre is also popular on the photo-sharing app, Instagram. Addison Rae
Most of the time I don’t make comments on websites, but I’d like to say that this article really forced me to do so. Really nice post! music
I have read all the comments and suggestions posted by the visitors for this article are very fine,We will wait for your next article so only.Thanks! Buy Documents for verification
It is quite beneficial, although think about the facts when it reaches this target. 徵婚網
okul bilgi sistemi Bilgi akışının çok hızlı yaşandığı günümüzde eğitim sektörüde bu durumdan etkilenmektedir. Okuldaki öğrencilerin, velilerin öğretmenlerin ve yöneticilerin sürekli bir bilgi akışı içinde olduğunu düşündüğümüzde okul bilgi sistemi oldukça önem arz etmektedir.
Bilgi akışının çok hızlı yaşandığı günümüzde eğitim sektörüde bu durumdan etkilenmektedir. Okuldaki öğrencilerin, velilerin öğretmenlerin ve yöneticilerin sürekli bir bilgi akışı içinde olduğunu düşündüğümüzde okul bilgi sistemi oldukça önem arz etmektedir.
Okul Bilgi Sistemi
Hey man, .This was an excellent page for such a hard subject to talk about. I look forward to reading many more great posts like these. Thanks Minecraft bow
Loving the information on this site, you have done outstanding job on the content . Does ups deliver on Sundays
I think this web site has very superb composed subject material articles . Does ups deliver on Sundays
I can see that you are an expert at your field! I am launching a website soon, and your information will be very useful for me.. Thanks for all your help and wishing you all the success in your business. Rabbit Production
Great post, you have pointed out some great points , I also think this s a very excellent website. Minecraft bow
Top TikTok Influencers in 2021 sorted by followers Who has the most followers on TikTok?
Thanks for this post. I definitely agree with what you are saying. I have been talking about this subject a lot lately with my mother so hopefully this will get him to see my point of view. Fingers crossed! message blocking is active
I really appreciate your piece of work, Great post.
Canada Pharmacy