1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Really appreciate you sharing this article.Really looking forward to read more. Really Great. ENDOPEAK
The article you have shared here very awesome. I really like and appreciated your work. I read deeply your article, the points you have mentioned in this article are useful どぶろく
Nejlepší sázková kancelář mostbet s rychlými výhrami a vysokou pravděpodobností výhry. Zaregistrujte se nyní a získejte od nás Velkorysý bonus: http://qradmin.gcsms.com.ua/mostbet-cs.html
Thanks for this splendid publish, I am satisfied I determined this site on yahoo. vn88
I’m jannet, strolling theehealthcare PR consultant. With extra than 6 years of revel in the PR and Digital advertising and marketing Industry, supporting groups gather goals with the useful resource of streamlining the technique. https://theehealthcareblog.blogspot.com/
Nice point of view. https://lakshyambbs.com/
Live games are one of the best casino experiences, and brings you live games with a professional and fun. With online slots , you will have the opportunity to enjoy live casino games from leading bookmakers and take part in the thrill and excitement of live games as like pink4d slot
It was good content
https://kheshtazin.com/
I was surfing net and fortunately came across this site and found very interesting stuff here. Its really fun to read. I enjoyed a lot. Thanks for sharing this wonderful information. 메이저토토사이트
Much thanks to you again for all the learning you distribute,Good post. I was keen on the article, it’s very moving I ought to concede. I like visiting you site since I generally go over fascinating articles like this one.Great Job, I extraordinarily acknowledge that.Do Keep sharing! Respects, fotografo matrimonio amalfi
great inspiring article. You have a good site. It is really easy, and nice to navigate.I think the website is great, looks wonderful and very easy to follow . This Is Very Nice and Wonderful Keep Writing Such type Of Wonderful blogs it was a wonderful chance to visit this kind of site and I am happy to know. thank you so much for giving us a chance to have this opportunity.. Extremely intriguing exchange happy that I ran over such useful post. Keep doing awesome. Happy to be a piece of your net group 먹튀패스 먹튀검증업체
This is helpful, nonetheless it can be crucial so that you can check out the following website: Skinny BBL Miami
This is a shrewd blog. I would not joke about this. You have such a great amount of information about this issue, thus much enthusiasm. You likewise realize how to make individuals rally behind it, clearly from the reactions. foto anteprima matrimonio
A very awesome blog post. We are really grateful for your blog post. You will find a lot of approaches after visiting your post. exipure
This blog is very informative and also if you want more information on (Keyword) then this source is really helpful.
Together with the webpage you will see indistinguishable text messaging, yield what you consider. sphynx cat for sale kansas city
This blog is very informative and also if you want more information on (Keyword) then this source is really helpful.
Self Blown
Great article with excellent idea!Thank you for such a valuable article. I really appreciate for this great information.. carrd.co
Self Blown
This blog is very informative and also if you want more information on (Keyword) then this source is really helpful.
Such artificial comments are actually critical, positive contemplate because of this — I’m certain because of this excessively… 오락실 토토 가입코드
Great topic, exactly the same texts have always been Their have no idea of on condition that they are affordable utilizing your profession to choose from. 오락실 토토 가입코드
This is only the data I am discovering all over the place. A debt of gratitude is in order for your website, I simply subscribe your online journal. This is a decent blog.. matrimonio amalfi
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. exipure
This article is an appealing wealth of useful informative that is interesting and well-written. I commend your hard work on this and thank you for this information. I know it very well that if anyone visits your blog, then he/she will surely revisit it again. Excellent post. I was reviewing this blog continuously, and I am impressed! Extremely helpful information especially this page. Thank you and good luck. this article is very nice and very informative article.I will make sure to be reading your blog more. เพื่อนฟุตบอล
I’ve read some good stuff here. Definitely worth bookmarking for revisiting. I surprise how much effort you put to create such a great informative website. https://honjisuns.gitbook.io/untitled/
America Gun Ban Home, Syndicated by Countrymen Your News Source Worldwide. Taking the stink out of Gun Control and being a Patriot. matrimonio positano
I have looked couple of days and discovered some spellbinding formed work on it. In any case, it is the best of all. 안전토토사이트
I was looking for such information and I really appreciate the efforts you put into this article. Here you find more information on Place Do
Very neat article post.Really looking forward to read more. Will read on… LIV PURE REVIEWS
Its wonderful, on the flip side assess the knowledge because of this genuine. sphynx cat kittens for sale
”Peshawar Bahria Town: A Triumphant Real Estate Force Across Pakistan. With a stellar presence in Peshawar, Lahore, and Rawalpindi, Peshawar Bahria Town stands tall as the epitome of excellence in the real estate domain. Their ventures in these cities have redefined urban living, offering a harmonious blend of luxury, convenience, and modern amenities. As a trusted and renowned real estate services provider, they continue to shape the landscape with visionary projects, ensuring customer satisfaction at every step. Whether it’s an exquisite home, a dynamic commercial space, or a prosperous investment opportunity, Peshawar Bahria Town is the partner to rely on for making dreams come true.”
Thanks for your insight for your fantastic posting. I’m glad I have taken the time to see this. เว็บแท้จากอเมริกา
I am definitely enjoying your website. You definitely have some great insight and great stories. walkscore.com
Hiya, Not long ago i seen your web sites every different Msn bit in need of prefer particular educative solution even products impress upon beholds remarkably superb needless expenses. 오락실 토토 추천인
The first step in How to change nigoal123 your attitude towards money is what numbers to focus on.
This blog is very informative and also if you want more information on Join The Flock then this source is really helpful.
I am just commenting to let you know of the perfect experience my wife’s princess encountered studying your web site. She picked up numerous details, most notably what it’s like to have an ideal helping character to have many more very easily gain knowledge of selected advanced subject matter. You undoubtedly exceeded our own expectations. Thanks for offering such effective, healthy, explanatory and in addition fun thoughts on this topic to Gloria. officialbola168.org
This blog is very informative and also if you want more information on Join The Flock then this source is really helpful.
Thanks for the tips guys. They were all great. I have been having issues with being fat both mentally and physically. Thanks to you guys i have been showing improvements. This is a wonderful article, Given so much info in it, These type of articles keeps the users interest in the website, and keep on sharing more … good luck. Very well written story. It will be useful to everyone who utilizes it, as well as myself. Keep up the good work – i will definitely read more posts 카지노
I was looking for such information and I really appreciate the efforts you put into this article. Here you find more information on Join The Flock
I definitely enjoying every little bit of it. It is a great website and nice share. I want to thank you. Good job! You guys do a great blog, and have some great contents. Keep up the good work https://legacy-uma.org/
I definitely enjoying every little bit of it. It is a great website and nice share. I want to thank you. Good job! You guys do a great blog, and have some great contents. Keep up the good work. 메이저안전놀이터
I hope you will share such type of impressive contents again with us so that we can utilize it and get more advantage. 메이저토토
I was impressed with the site that you created, so memotipasi many people to be more advanced, there also kunjugi me, as a comparison front doors bridgend
I am happy to find your distinguished way of writing the post. Now you make it easy for me to understand and implement the concept. Thank you for the post. foto anteprima matrimonio
This is really good idea that eliminate delay on toll roads by collecting the electronic tolls. According to the public are suffered with this toll problem and seeking help from the government to get rid of this problem. Nice to be visiting your blog once more, it continues to be months for me. Nicely this post that i’ve been waited for so lengthy. I want this article to total my assignment in the university, and it has same topic together with your post. Thanks, terrific share. 안전놀이터
Im grateful for the blog post. Want more. LEANBIOME REVIEWS
Hi there, I found your blog via Google while searching for such kinda informative post and your post looks very interesting for me. fotografo sorrento
I’ve been looking for photos and articles on this topic over the past few days due to a school assignment, and I’m really happy to find a post with the material I was looking for! I bookmark and will come often! Thanks . Very good written article. It will be supportive to anyone who utilizes it, including me. Keep doing what you are doing – can’r wait to read more posts. Looking at this article, I miss the time when I didn’t wear a mask. Hopefully this corona will end soon. My blog is a blog that mainly posts pictures of daily life before Corona and landscapes at that time. If you want to remember that time again. 파워볼
Great post. I was checking continuously this blog and I’m impressed! Very helpful information specially the last part I care for such info a lot. I was looking for this certain information for a very long time. Thank you and good luck.| 토토매거진 검증업체