1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Thanks for the tips guys. They were all great. I have been having issues with being fat both mentally and physically. Thanks to you guys i have been showing improvements. Do post more. 英文補習老師
How To Withdraw ETH from Trust Wallet, open the app and navigate to your Ethereum wallet. Click on the “Send” button, input the recipient’s Ethereum address, specify the amount to withdraw, and choose the appropriate gas fee. Confirm the transaction and provide your wallet passphrase or fingerprint to complete the process
Great post i must say and thanks for the information. Education is definitely a sticky subject. However, is still among the leading topics of our time. I appreciate your post and look forward to more home cleaning new york 英文補習老師
Its like you read my mind! You seem to know so much about this,like you wrote the book in it or something. 英文補習
I am impressed. I don’t think Ive met anyone who knows as much about this subject as you do. You are truly well informed and very intelligent. You wrote something that people could understand and made the subject intriguing for everyone. Really, great blog you have got here. app to cool down iphone
Wow, this is really interesting reading. I am glad I found this and got to read it. Great job on this content. I like it. 英文補習
We are really grateful for your blog post. You will find a lot of approaches after visiting your post. I was exactly searching for. Thanks for such post and please keep it up. Great work. Thanks for sharing https://itechbook.click/
definately enjoy every little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff of your blog a must read blog! 英文補習
Selain mereka tak mempunyai permainan kasino online, mereka konsisten konsentrasi https://lynx4sy.com/ pada pengembangan. Memainkan slot petir merah hari ini yakni komponen terbaiknya.
Interesting Blog! An program called Women in Digital Business 2023 was launched by Microsoft and the International Training Centre of the International Labor Organization (ITCILO). So feel free to apply.
Good website! I truly love how it is easy on my eyes it is. I am wondering how I might be notified whenever a new post has been made. I have subscribed to your RSS which may do the trick? Have a great day! 英文補習
Seamlessly how to transfer usdt from safepal to coinbase with our expert guidance! SafePal, the ultimate secure crypto wallet, has gained immense popularity among users looking to safeguard their digital assets. Now, you can effortlessly navigate the process of transferring USDT from your SafePal wallet to your Coinbase account. Our step-by-step tutorial will walk you through the entire procedure, ensuring a smooth and secure transaction every time.
This is a nice blog workout here, keep it up. Goojara is a website for users to download all their latest trending and updated Movies and TV Series that are on for Downloading. Anime lovers are not left out from enjoying the benefits of these sites as they can download and watch their favorite Anime for free.
Goo Jara today has one of the best and easy-to-use download features. You can download your favorite TV series, movies, or anime by clicking a single button. Pls, check out my blog for more information and enlightenment to utilize Goo Jara for everyday downloads.
https://www.makeoverarena.com/goojara-download-and-watch-your-favorite-movies-tv-series-and-anime-for-free
Very good put up. I just stumbled upon your weblog and desired to mention that I’ve seriously enjoyed reading your weblog posts. Any way I will be subscribing to your feed and I hope you write-up all over again before long. Big many thanks for your handy data.สล็อตเว็บใหญ่
I am impressed. I don’t think Ive met anyone who knows as much about this subject as you do. You are truly well informed and very intelligent. You wrote something that people could understand and made the subject intriguing for everyone. Really, great blog you have got here. best coloring apps for kids
I think this is definitely an amazing project here. So much good will be coming from this project. The ideas and the work behind this will pay off so much. 英文補習老師
Excellent article plus its information and I positively bookmark to this site because here I always get an amazing knowledge as I expect. Thanks for this to share with us 英文補習
A lot of people having an incorrect image about the cash advance loans or sometimes refer it as bad credit payday loans. 英文補習社
The most informative article.
We are truly thankful for your blog entry. You will discover a great deal of methodologies in the wake of going to your post. I was precisely scanning for. A debt of gratitude is in order for such post and please keep it up. 英文補習
Excellent .. Amazing .. I’ll bookmark your blog and take the feeds also…I’m happy to find so many useful info here in the post, we need work out more techniques in this regard, thanks for sharing. 카지노사이트
Sürətli ödənişlər və yüksək qazanma ehtimalı ilə ən yaxşı mostbet bukmeker şirkəti. İndi qeydiyyatdan keçin və bizdən Səxavətli bir bonus alın: http://www.bestonlinestavki.ru/stavki-na-sport-s-mobilnogo-osobennosti-i-preimushhestva/
Explore the fascinating world of Artificial Intelligence on our website. Discover cutting-edge insights, expert articles, and innovative solutions that revolutionize industries. Unlock the power of AI for a brighter future. Artificial intelligence
The perfect report I came across time, create anything at all with regards to this kind of in this particular website. Hot runner system
This a good way to appreciate the teacher as they put their efforts to train students. UK dissertation Writers appreciates the teachers. 英文補習
Mmm.. good to be here in your article or post, whatever, I think I should also work hard for my own website like I see some good and updated working in your site. 英文補習
I am impressed. I don’t think Ive met anyone who knows as much about this subject as you do. You are truly well informed and very intelligent. You wrote something that people could understand and made the subject intriguing for everyone. Really, great blog you have got here. best quilting apps for iphone
Intriguing post. I Have Been pondering about this issue, so much obliged for posting. Really cool post.It “s truly extremely pleasant and Useful post.Thanks dse英文補習
Your article has piqued a lot of positive interest.I can see why since you have done such a good job of making it interesting. Slotbettings
I admire this article for the well-researched content and excellent wording. I got so involved in this material that I couldn’t stop reading. I am impressed with your work and skill. Thank you so much. neocities.org
Exactly in which would possibly I get a preserve of this page format Kurt Gulvmand Fantastic goods from you, guy. I’ve recognize your stuff previous to and also you’re simply extraordinarily staggering. I genuinely like what you have acquired here, actually like what you’re stating and the way in which you say it. You m portret
Awesome article, it was exceptionally helpful! I simply began in this and I’m becoming more acquainted with it better! Cheers, keep doing awesome! apps like snapchat filters
Saya memiliki situs SLOT LUCKY GAME di TUTUARCADE VIP
#slotgacor #TUTUARCADE #rtptutuarcade #pragmaticplaytutuarcade
Listed here it is possible to examine it is crucial, these individuals gives the internet site website link inside beneficial website: IBC tank heater
Grow though what you go through. รีวิว น้ำหอม
Awesome article, it was exceptionally helpful! I simply began in this and I’m becoming more acquainted with it better! Cheers, keep doing awesome! alternative facebook app
Trietanolamin, kimya endüstrisinde yaygın olarak kullanılan önemli bir kimyasal bileşiktir. Kimya, maddelerin özelliklerini, yapısını ve reaksiyonlarını inceleyen bilim dalıdır. İstanbul, kimya alanında da önemli gelişmelere sahne olmuş ve birçok başarılı bilim insanı yetiştirmiştir. Bu makalede, Trietanloamin ve kimya ile ilgili temel bilgilere odaklanarak İstanbul’da gerçekleşen kimyasal gelişmelere de değineceğiz.
Trietanolamin (C6H15NO3), renksiz ve viskoz bir sıvı olup, kimya endüstrisinde çeşitli amaçlar için kullanılan bir aminoalkoldür. Boya üretiminde, yüzey aktif maddelerde, reçinelerde ve kozmetik ürünlerde yaygın olarak kullanılır. Aynı zamanda, asitlerin nötralizasyonunda ve metale bileşiklerinin hazırlanmasında da kullanılan çok yönlü bir bileşiktir.
Referans : https://www.yegenlerkimya.com/
I am royashe working for intimatehygiene48 blogspot as PR consultant. With more than 6 years experience in PR and Digital Industry, helping teams to achieve goals by streamilining the process. https://intimatehygiene48.blogspot.com/
I am impressed. I don’t think Ive met anyone who knows as much about this subject as you do. You are truly well informed and very intelligent. You wrote something that people could understand and made the subject intriguing for everyone. Really, great blog you have got here. Expectant fathers pregnancy apps
lanjutkan buat artikel menarik dan informatif lainnya layanan aqiqah jakart
https://hdhub4umovies.online
Hire ReactJS Developers in India from ControlF5 to leverage 12+ years of React handling and 15+ industrial experience at just $10 per hour!
This is my first visit to your web journal! We are a group of volunteers and new activities in the same specialty. Website gave us helpful data to work. 윈 승인전화
I am impressed. I don’t think Ive met anyone who knows as much about this subject as you do. You are truly well informed and very intelligent. You wrote something that people could understand and made the subject intriguing for everyone. Really, great blog you have got here. 윈 승인전화
I discovered your blog site site online and appearance a couple of your early posts. Always maintain inside the very good operate. I just additional increase Feed to my MSN News Reader. Seeking forward to reading more from you afterwards!… Ecommerce Agency
When your website or blog goes live for the first time, it is exciting. That is until you realize no one but you and your. 윈 추천인 코드
I think this is an informative post and it is very useful and knowledgeable. therefore, I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. futurelearn.com
We are really grateful for your blog post. You will find a lot of approaches after visiting your post. I was exactly searching for. Thanks for such post and please keep it up. Great work. 윈 먹튀
Thanks for a wonderful share. Your article has proved your hard work and experience you have got in this field. Brilliant .i love it reading. situs porno
I was impressed with the site that you created, so memotipasi many people to be more advanced, there also kunjugi me, as a comparison moss agate ring
At socialfollowers, we use the expertise of the world’s leading social marketing team to enhance your social presence rapidly. Our methods fully comply with Instagram’s terms of service, and we specialize in transforming ordinary Instagram accounts into influential stars. The key to achieving this is increasing your number of followers, which is the most effective way to gain recognition and grow your reputation on the platform. We pride ourselves on being extremely efficient, and as soon as you place your order and submit your payment, we start promoting your Instagram account through our exceptional social campaigns. Our top priority is customer satisfaction, and we guarantee that our services are reliable and easy to use. Whether you require Instagram followers, likes, or views from Malaysia or elsewhere, you can count on us to provide high-quality, fast delivery services.