1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
So Great! I need a few infos in this post for my rapport de level. Can i’ve your contact please? I want your permission to quote it . Anyway, That’s super job. Keep going. pure sauce carts
Soccer Live Lịch Trực Tiếp Bóng Đá Mới nhất – Link Xem Bóng Đá Trực Tuyến full HD tại đây – Xem Lại Kết Quả Bóng Đá
I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. I am hoping the same best work from you in the future as well. Thanks… liv pure
I’m archis, walking techarchis PR representative. With more than 6 years of revel in the PR and Digital marketing and advertising Industry, supporting corporations collect desires with the useful beneficial aid of streamlining the technique. https://techarchis.blogspot.com/
“Experience comfort and elegance with DIA Limousine from dialimoservice.com!. Whether you need [car service to Teterboro or car service to LaGuardia Airport, they provide first-class transportation for all occasions.”
Right here you may analysis it is necessary, they provides the online world website website around the worth finding out about web-site: SEO BACKLINIKS
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. Taysentoto
“Experience comfort and elegance with DIA Limousine from dialimoservice.com Whether you need [car service to Teterboro or car service to LaGuardia Airport, they provide first-class transportation for all occasions.”
Really I enjoy your site with effective and useful information. It is included very nice post with a lot of our resources.thanks for share. i enjoy this post. Bandar Togel Online Resmi
situs slot jamin resmi anti rungkad vega168 di Indonesia
Comfortlinen.cm is a leading online destination for premium bedding and linens.
With a vast collection of high-quality products, a user-friendly interface, and exceptional customer service, the website has successfully carved a niche for itself in the competitive market.
Positive customer reviews, eco-friendly initiatives, and regular discounts further enhance its appeal.
For those seeking comfort, style, and reliability, Comfortlinen.cm proves to be a delightful choice.
Firmer Mattress for Parkinson’s Sleep Disorders
Thank you very much for this useful article. I like it. film porno
Thank you admin for bringing this article to read.ดูหนังออนไลน์ 4k
Thank you admin for bringing this article to read.ดูหนังออนไลน์ 4k
What a fantabulous post this has been. Never seen this kind of useful post. I am grateful to you and expect more number of posts like these. Thank you very much. film porno
jasa vcc
Jasavcc.com menyediakan jasa pembayaran online dan VCC serta menyediakan jasa isi saldo Paypal termurah dengan proses yang instant.
it is important to embrace AI as a tool that can enhance productivity and innovation in the workplace. By addressing ethical considerations and ensuring that AI is used responsibly, we can harness the full potential of AI to create a future of work that is more efficient, inclusive, and sustainable.UGG
I hope you write more articles like this. I’m your biggest fan.
คาสิโนออนไลน์ที่ได้รับการอนุญาต 2023
Interior jakarta
luxeyinterior – desain interior, renovasi interior, Interior jakarta, Interior jabodetabek, Desain Mewah Kualitas Tinggi. Harga Terjangkau dan Transparan.
This article it so usefull for me .สิวที่หลัง Back Acne
A user configuring the Guest Access in a Linksys router must take care of a few things like – which frequency band is being assigned to the Guest network, the password you are entering for securing the Guest network, and the users to whom you are allowing access to the Internet. Users entering the Guest network must enter the password in their device to access it. You can change the Guest network password anytime using the myrouter.local interface.
To enhance the security level of the router’s network you can change the security type from the wireless settings tab. While assigning the network name or changing the wifi password, a user can change the security type. The default security type of the Rockspace router’s network is WPA/WPA2-PSK which can be later configured through the re.rockspace.local interface.
Dlinkrouter.local often include parental control features that enable you to manage and restrict internet access for specific devices or users. This feature allows parents to set up content filters, block certain websites, and schedule internet access times, promoting a safer and more controlled online environment for children. Visit dlinkrouter.local now.
If a user can’t access the web menu Dashboard of a Netgear Orbi using the Orbilogin.com interface, the first thing you need to check is whether the setup process is done or not. You can also type 192.168.0.1 to access the web interface of a Netgear Orbi. During the setup process, you need to make sure that the client device is connected to the wireless Orbi network, not to any other network.
Great post
Dlinkap.local
If a user has forgotten the Wifi password of a Wavlink router, it is highly recommended to cancel the SSID from the network list, refresh the list then re-enter the password to connect. You can forget the Wifi credentials from the Manage Wifi settings page and then click Forget to carry on with the process. Once you have delete the current SSID name, refresh the Wifi list then try to connect to it again by the default settings. If the issue still persists you can visit the wifi.wavlink.com interface window to see the password you have set in the first place.
Much obliged to you such a huge amount for offering such superb data I am exceptionally glad to see this sort of article and it is extremely useful for all individuals!
https://unitedblackbooks.org
Sanctum is a dull, predictable, and cliché thriller with terrible dialogue, a lame attempt at humor, some of the dumbest characters to ever be included in a film, and just a rather underwhelming journey in the end.
https://unitedblackbooks.org
Hey! Someone in my Facebook group shared this website with us so I came to check it out. I’m definitely enjoying the information. I’m book-marking and will be tweeting this to my followers! Excellent blog and brilliant design and style. carpet cleaning services
This is a great post. I like this topic.This site has lots of advantage.I found many interesting things from t desenhohentai.com
Much obliged to you3468 such a huge amount for offering such superb data I am exceptionally glad to see this sort of article and it is extremely useful for all individuals!
https://lwcloset.com
Sanctum is a dull, predictable,456890 and cliché thriller with terrible dialogue, a lame attempt at humor, some of the dumbest characters to ever be included in a film, and just a rather underwhelming journey in the end.
https://lwcloset.com
I must say, the Journal Blog is a fantastic addition to an already outstanding theme. Keep up the good work guys, it’s amazing what you come up with for the Opencart community.
https://lwcloset.com
There is noticeably a bundle to know about this. I suppose you’ve made particular nice points in features also. pest services
Academia Solution offers Best academic editing services to help students improve the quality and effectiveness of their academic papers. Our team of skilled editors is dedicated to enhancing your assignments by refining the structure, grammar, coherence, and overall clarity of your writing. With our meticulous attention to detail and expertise in various academic disciplines, we ensure that your assignments meet the highest standards of academic excellence. Trust our assignment editing services to elevate your work and achieve the grades you deserve. Visit Academia Solution now!
KerassentialsKerassentials is a product that promises to help treat nail fungus and hair loss. It is a combination of oils and vitamins for skin support, designed to provide the necessary nutrients for skin health and regeneration.
Good – I should definitely pronounce, impressed with your web site. I had no trouble navigating through all the tabs as well as related information ended up being truly easy to do to access. I recently found what I hoped for before you know it at all. Reasonably unusual. Is likely to appreciate it for those who add forums or something, web site theme . a tones way for your client to communicate. Nice task. Motorhome transport
Immediate Edge Join and benefit from its automated trading system that allows you to take advantage of market volatility. This trading platform claims to use sophisticated trading bots equipped with specific AI technology to execute profitable trades and investments on your behalf.
If you are looking for the fastest payout casinos, check the https://systemsbets.com/payment-methods/interac/
I was also reading a topic like this one from another site.
https://unitedblackbooks.org
I think this is among the most vital info for me. And i’m glad reading your article. But should remark on few general things, The web site style is wonderful, the articles is really great : D. Good job, cheers
https://unitedblackbooks.org
It become a very good post certainly. I thoroughly enjoyed studying it in my lunch time. Will honestly come and go to this weblog greater frequently. thanks for sharing. fast lean pro reviews
Watch subbed anime online episodes with subtitles in high quality with mobile or pc at Animedao watch online
SPG Agency Jakarta
nazagency – Sales Promotion Girl, SPG Agency, SPG Agency Jakarta, SPG Event
“Thank you so much for your kindness in delivering good news 레플리카도매 and I felt responsible for receiving this warm energy and sharing it with many people”
LIVPURE REVIEWS LIVPURE – LivPure Reviews – ((BE CAREFUL 2023!)) – Liv Pure Review – Liv Pure Weight Loss Supplement
excellent written article. it’ll be supportive to each person who makes use of it, which include me. preserve doing what you’re doing – can’r wait to read more posts. liv pure reviews
Affordability is key when searching for the best cheap web hosting provider.
Look for hosting companies that offer cost-effective plans without compromising on essential features and performance.
Please visit our website Bluehost vs A2 Hosting Comparison
excellent written article. it’ll be supportive to each person who makes use of it, which include me. preserve doing what you’re doing – can’r wait to read more posts. miracle watt reviews
i read a lot of stuff and i found that the way of writing to clearifing that exactly want to say was very good so i am impressed and ilike to come again in future.. bokep jepang