1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Regards for this wondrous post, I am glad I noticed this internet site on yahoo. typhu 88
Hello, this weekend is good for me, since this time i am reading this enormous informative article here at my home. buy percocet online
Great blog. ข่าวฟุตบอลออนไลน์
The tool provides greater compatibility across platforms as it is web-based. This translates into having an awesome experience documents downloader on all devices including computers, tablets, and smartphones.
Thought provoking read about the railways in France – thanks. How to lose belly fat at home
I can set up my new idea from this post. It gives in depth information. Thanks for this valuable information for all,.. Cermin4d
This is an incredible inspiring article. I am basically satisfied with your great work. You put actually quite supportive information. thestreetwearstore.com Keep it up.
Just admiring your work and wondering how you managed this blog so well. It’s so remarkable that I can’t afford to not go through this valuable information whenever I surf the internet! 船橋 ゴルフ練習場 安い
I just found this blog and have high hopes for it to continue. Keep up the great work, its hard to find good ones. I have added to my favorites. Thank You. Cermin4d
Very nice article, I enjoyed reading your post, very nice share, I want to twit this to my followers. Thanks!. Cermin4d
Very interesting blog. Alot of blogs I see these days don’t really provide anything that I’m interested in, but I’m most definately interested in this one. Just thought that I would post and let you know. arena 138 slot
Call Girls Pune position is a series of sex positions that allows a male and a female to perform oral sex simultaneously. Using the 69 positions is a little naughty but can be pretty exciting.
Pune Escorts ||
I just found this blog and have high hopes for it to continue. Keep up the great work, its hard to find good ones. I have added to my favorites. Thank You. Keyword
Very Usefull .
Apollo Tractor Tyres</a
This is really fascinating, You are a very professional blogger. I’ve joined your rss feed and sit up for searching for more of your great post. Also, I have shared your site in my social networks!
Best Plastic Surgeon
we are provide best massage service body massage near me .it’s take and get relax your body and mind.
A very awesome blog post. We are really grateful for your blog post. You will find a lot of approaches after visiting your post. blur nft
I would like to say that this blog really convinced me to do it! Thanks, very good post. blur nft
Apakah kamu seorang sloter sejati? mari buktikan disini JUDIKARTU seberapa sejatinya anda bermain judi slot
Pretty good post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed reading your blog posts. Any way I’ll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you post again soon. Big thanks for the useful info. blur nft
I would like to say that this blog really convinced me to do it! Thanks, very good post. blur nft
Hey what a brilliant post I have come across and believe me I have been searching out for this similar kind of post for past a week and hardly came across this. Thank you very much and will look for more postings from you. Cash flow management
I appreciate everything you have added to my knowledge base.Admiring the time and effort you put into your blog and detailed information you offer.Thanks. Samsung Z2
I just found this blog and have high hopes for it to continue. Keep up the great work, its hard to find good ones. I have added to my favorites. Thank You. Samsung Galaxy On5 Pro
Nice content, I like your writing style. Thanks for sharing such informative content. Mahindra E-Alfa Mini Price
Hi, Neat post. There’s a problem along with your site in web explorer, could test this… IE nonetheless is the marketplace leader and a good portion of people will omit your excellent writing because of this problem. ALPILEAN
Cuma di situs web Panjislot anda dapat meraih berbagai macam bonus terbaik
Thanks for taking the time to discuss that, I feel strongly about this and so really like getting to know more on this kind of field. Do you mind updating your blog post with additional insight? It should be really useful for all of us. Samsung Galaxy Note5 (USA)
thank you keep it up. Provident Amaya Plots
This particular is usually apparently essential and moreover outstanding truth along with for sure fair-minded and moreover admittedly useful My business is looking to find in advance designed for this specific useful stuffs… Samsung Xcover 550
Thanks for the blog loaded with so many information. Stopping by your blog helped me to get what I was looking for. En İyi Slotlar Canlı Casino
That is why selling advertising campaigns marketing so that you could invaluable explore previous advertisment. Quite simply to jot down stronger set that fit this description. https://mtsaida.com
I don t have the time at the moment to fully read your site but I have bookmarked it and also add your RSS feeds. I will be back in a day or two. thanks for a great site. slot online
You have a real ability for writing unique content. I like how you think and the way you represent your views in this article. I agree with your way of thinking. Thank you for sharing. Marriage spells
I wanted to thank you for this excellent read!! I definitely loved every little bit of it. I have you bookmarked your site to check out the new stuff you post. 토토사이트
Levetrade – Your Personal Trading Assistant. Access prime CFD trading opportunities in Forex, Commodities, Indices, and Shares with industry-leading tools and personalized assistance. Utilizing state-of-the-art technology, Levetrade delivers a transparent trading environment that meets the industry’s highest standards, providing traders worldwide with an efficient and hassle-free trading experience. We equip our clients with all the necessary tools to realize their full trading potential. Trade levetrade now
I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoying every little bit of it I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you post. Samsung Galaxy Core LTE G386W
The most interesting text on this interesting topic that can be found on the net … VIP escorts NYC
UFA7-11.com UFABET เว็บตรงแทงบอลออนไลน์ เว็บตรง พนันบอล บาคาร่า สล็อต UFA7-11 ครบวงจรที่สุด 2023 เว็บพนันบอล ของเราก็ยังมีสูตรที่พร้อมสำหรับ ค่ายเกมทั้งหลายมาให้ร่วมสนุกกันในที่เดียว เว็บตรงแทงบอลออนไลน์ เว็บพนันบอลออนไลน์ บาคาร่า บาคาร่าออนไลน์ ทั้งระบบ iOS และ Android ufabet เข้าสู่ระบบ ufabet เว็บหลัก เว็บแทงบอลออนไลน์ ufabet
ufabetstar365.com เว็บตรงบาคาร่าออนไลน์ เว็บบาคาร่า เว็บแทงบอลออนไลน์ เว็บตรงคาสิโนออนไลน์ บาคาร่า แทงบอล สล็อต ครบวงจรที่เดียว ของเราก็ยังมีสูตรที่พร้อมสำหรับ ค่ายเกมทั้งหลายมาให้ร่วมสนุกกันในที่เดียว เว็บตรงแทงบอลออนไลน์ เว็บพนันบอลออนไลน์ เว็บตรง บาคาร่า บาคาร่าออนไลน์ ทั้งระบบ iOS และ Android ตัวใหม่ล่าสุด ยูฟ่าเบท เข้าสู่ระบบ เว็บแทงบอลออนไลน์
ufavip666.com เว็บตรงสล็อตออนไลน์ อันดับ1 ไม่มีขั้นต่ำ ฝากถอนรวดเร็ว 1user เล่นได้ทุกค่าย
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. voyance audiotel
Thanks for such a great post and the review, I am totally impressed! Keep stuff like this coming. 안전놀이터
mohon untuk sering-sering update lagi artikelnya jasa basmi rayap jakarta timur
terima kasih atas infonya sangat menarik bos cuci mobil terdekat 24 jam
jujur saya sangat berterimakasih karena website ini selalu memberikan hal menarik rumah aqiqah jakarta selatan
China-Jeans (CJ) is one of the best jeans manufacturers in China who have been producing high quality jeans for over 15-year. We are a denim jeans factory manufacturer that can offer better price than other denim companies, we work closely with our clients to meet with their different demands in all range of denim clothing. Our outstanding craftsmanship and excellent service have made us a reliable jeans supplier and business partner for many brands. We accept big and small OEM&ODM jeans orders with good price.
jeans supplier
Los Angeles Real Estate
Los Angeles real estate marketing expert, Matthew Kalinowski “Matt Kalin,” is dedicated to helping clients find their ideal home in the most sought-after neighborhoods, including Runyon Canyon and Hollywood Hills.
Slot Gacor Bimaspin, sudah aman terpercaya dan terekomendasi. Sudah banyak pula yang membuktikan kemenangan besar pada situs Bimaspin sampai saat ini, kini adalah giliran Anda untuk menjadi pemenangannya.
Kunjungi situs resmi Bimaspin saat ini kemudian klik menu DAFTAR untuk memulai peruntungan Anda sekarang, diajak pula teman serta kerabat Anda agar bisa merasakan jackpot besar besaran bersama.
Bimaspin merupakan agen judi slot online terpercaya yang sudah resmi bergabung selama bertahun tahun, telah banyak yang membuktikan bahwa sangat mudah untuk mendapatkan kemenangan ketika bermain di situs Bimaspin.
Cukup bermain dengan minimal deposit saja pun Anda sudah bisa mendapatkan kemenangan yang besar, sering juga situs Bimaspin membagikan berbagai macam bonus dan hadiah spesial lainnya.
bocoran slot gacor Hanya dengan mendaftarkan satu akun saja di situs Bimaspin maka Anda akan menerikan banyak keuntungan ketika bermain nantinya. Gratis bocoran slot gacor untuk setiap pemain setia sehingga hanya bermain beberapa putaran saja sudah bisa mendapatkan maxwin serta scatter yang banyak. Dijamin akun yang Anda mainkan akan menghasilkan keuntungan besar.
Los Angeles Real Estate
Los Angeles real estate marketing expert, Matthew Kalinowski “Matt Kalin,” is dedicated to helping clients find their ideal home in the most sought-after neighborhoods, including Runyon Canyon and Hollywood Hills.