1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Just be sure to look for high-quality leather and construction to ensure that your shoes will last for years to come. UGG
The origins of ‘click here’ can be traced back to the early days of the World Wide Web. In the early 1990s, hyperlinking was a new and exciting concept.
I’m really enjoying the design and layout of your blog ver hentai
Helpful Web site, the spot did u imagine the data on this putting up? I’m satisfied I found it however, unwell be inspecting back again all yet again quickly to ascertain what further posts you contain things such as.บา คา ร่า วอ เลท
Aw, this became an exceptionally nice post. In idea I have to set up writing like this additionally – taking time and actual effort to make a good article… but so what can I say… I procrastinate alot and also by no means manage to go accomplished. kickassanime
Cool you make, the information is genuinely salubrious further stunning, I’ll give you a work nearby my scene. Satta king gali disawar
Cmdplay ada sebagai web slot gacor terakhir di indonesia bersama dengan menyediakan game slot gacor gampang menang maxwin terpercaya 2023.
The information is very useful. Thanks for sharing with us.
SEO Services In United States
It’s a shame you don’t have a donate button! I’d without a doubt donate to this superb blog! I suppose for now i’ll settle for book-marking and adding your RSS feed to my Google account. I look forward to new updates and will share this site with my Facebook group. Chat soon! AnimixPlay
very nice post, i surely love this site, carry on it AnimixPlay
I am usually to blogging and i also truly appreciate your articles. This great article has truly peaks my interest. I will bookmark your site and keep checking for first time info. Myle Meta box 5000 puffs
I am usually to blogging and i also truly appreciate your articles. This great article has truly peaks my interest. I will bookmark your site and keep checking for first time info. Elf bar 5000 puffs
I am usually to blogging and i also truly appreciate your articles. This great article has truly peaks my interest. I will bookmark your site and keep checking for first time info.
I am usually to blogging and i also truly appreciate your articles. This great article has truly peaks my interest. I will bookmark your site and keep checking for first time info. ELF BAR 5000 PUFFS
I am usually to blogging and i also truly appreciate your articles. This great article has truly peaks my interest. I will bookmark your site and keep checking for first time info. TUGBOAT EVO 4500 PUFFS
Hello dude,i love this Ones blog very an awful lot. Do u have concept for my homepage? Thanks as Red Boost
Very nice article. I enjoyed reading your post. very nice share. Thankyou, I want to twit this to my followers. Barong123
Blogs ou should be reading… […]Here is a Great Blog You Might Find Interesting that we Encourage You[…]…… innkay 777
김포룸싸롱
김포노래방, 김포가라오케를 빠르게 예약할 수 있습니다. 찾고 있는 김포룸싸롱, 김포쓰리노를 최적의 환경으로 제공하고 있는 홈페이지입니다.
Watch Online Anupama Desi Tv Serial All Episodes, Star Plus Hindi Drama Anupama Today latest episode free at Hotstar Anupama
Nice post! This is a very nice blog that I will definitively come back to more times this year! Thanks for informative post. Buy Mushrooms Online UK
I think this is an informative post and it is very useful and knowledgeable. therefore, I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. Buy Cannabis Online UK
Thank you very much for this useful article. I like it. Buy THC Vape UK
I have read all the comments and suggestions posted by the visitors for this article are very fine,We will wait for your next article so only.Thanks! pgslot.casino
Very interesting blog. Alot of blogs I see these days don’t really provide anything that I’m interested in, but I’m most definately interested in this one. Just thought that I would post and let you know. Buy THC Vape UK
This was really an interesting topic and I kinda agree with what you have mentioned here! Buy Weed Online UK
I really loved reading your blog. It was very well authored and easy to undertand. Unlike additional blogs I have read which are really not tht good. I also found your posts very interesting. In fact after reading, I had to go show it to my friend and he ejoyed it as well! Buy Vape Cartridges UK
This particular is usually apparently essential and moreover outstanding truth along with for sure fair-minded and moreover admittedly useful My business is looking to find in advance designed for this specific useful stuffs… ข่าวหวย
thanks for this usefull article, waiting for this article like this again.
This Website Much more impress me.windows 10 cracked iso
This Website Much more impress me.windows 10 activated setup
Acknowledges for paper such a beneficial composition, I stumbled beside your blog besides decipher a limited announce. I want your technique of inscription… 바카라사이트
Al Zaeem Real Estate Company Done Lots of Properties for sale in abu dhabi With Best Prices
Wow i can say that this is another great article as expected of this blog.Bookmarked this site.. best fat burner for men
Keep up the wonderful piece of work, I read few posts on this web site and I believe that your blog is very interesting and has sets of fantastic info . amazonstorepro reviews
A big thank you for your article post.Really looking forward to read more. Much obliged. outdoor power equipment parts & accessories
With havin so much content do you ever run into any issues of plagorism or copyright infringement? My website has a lot of exclusive content I’ve either created myself or outsourced but it appears a lot of it is popping it up all over the internet without my authorization. Do you know any methods to help prevent content from being ripped off? I’d genuinely appreciate it. 강남안마
inspiring insights you are sharing. I love the way you are sharing it. Is there any way I could get updated for more? 강남안마
Hello I want to to talk about a remark right here concerning you to definitely be able to let you know just how much i actually Liked this particular read. I have to run off in order to aTurkey Day time Supper however wanted to leave ya a simple remark. We saved a person So will end up being coming back subsequent work to see much more of yer quality posts. Keep up the standard work. 오뚜기안마
I like this weblog so much, saved to my bookmarks . 강남안마
I was surfing the Internet for information and came across your blog. I am impressed by the information you have on this blog. It shows how well you understand this subject. หวยเด็ด
I was surfing the Internet for information and came across your blog. I am impressed by the information you have on this blog. It shows how well you understand this subject. หวยเด็ด
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. หวยเด็ด
I think this is a real great article. Much obliged. The hidden wiki url
ou give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. หวยเด็ด
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. หวยเด็ด
you want see new porn videos? XNXX PORN VIDEOS have a lot of new porn videos for all of you. you can see free vidoes and always update everyday.
เว็บใหญ่มีเกมส์ให้เลือกมากมาย คาสิโนครบทุกค่ายเปิดมาแล้วกว่า 5 ปีมีแอดมินดูแล 24 ชั่วโมง สล็อต123 เว็บตรงแตกง่ายจ่ายจริง ลองรับทุกธนาคาร.
I really appreciate the kind of topics you post here. Thanks for sharing us a great information that is actually helpful. Good day! free linux hosting
Thanks so much for the article post.Much thanks again. Keep writing. dark web links
sudahi kesedihan mu kawan, mari bergabung dengan situs game online anti rungkad