1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Thanks for the tips guys. They were all great. I have been having issues with being fat both mentally and physically. Thanks to you guys i have been showing improvements. Do post more. بشار كيوان الصندوق الماليزي
A debt of gratitude is in order for enlightening post. best back scratcher
Thank you for helping people get the information they need. Great stuff as usual. Keep up the great work!!! reddit nfl streams
:: These very small facts are produced using wide range of qualifications; I favor the idea such a good deal ::
buy Instagram followers
You made such an interesting piece to read, giving every subject enlightenment for us to gain knowledge. Thanks for sharing such information with us to read this…
You made such an interesting piece to read, giving every subject enlightenment for us to gain knowledge. Thanks for sharing such information with us to read this…
Buy Google Reviews
Hey, you used to write wonderful. Maybe you can write next articles referring to this article. I desire to read more things about it! Best of luck for the next! Please visit my web site soundskinsglobal.com. Best dampening service provider.
การเข้าชมเป็นประจำที่แสดงไว้ที่นี่เป็นวิธีที่ง่ายที่สุดในการชื่นชมพลังของคุณนั่นคือเหตุผลว่าทำไมฉันถึงเข้าเว็บไซต์ทุกวันค้นหาข้อมูลใหม่ ๆ ที่น่าสนใจ ขอบคุณมากครับ ruay
Personally I think overjoyed I discovered the blogs. 토토사이트
Excellent and very exciting site. Love to watch. Keep Rocking. window replacement Edmonton
I am so much grateful to have this wonderful information pc repair near me
I truly like you’re composing style, incredible data, thankyou for posting. 토토사이트
Hey, you used to write fantastic, but the last several posts have been kinda boring…토토사이트 I miss your tremendous writings. Past several posts are just a bit out of track! come on!
Very awesome!!! When I seek for this I found this website at the top of all blogs in search engine. 토토사이트
On that site page, you’ll see your depiction, why not read through this. rough country Canada
You have a real ability for writing unique content.I like how you think and the way you represent your views in this article.I agree with your way of thinking.Thank you for sharing. https://www.facebook.com
“This is a good post. This post gives truly quality information. I’m definitely going to look into it. Really very useful tips are provided here. Thank you so much. Keep up the good works
” Bashar Kiwan 1 MDB
Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting? I’m pleased I discovered it though, ill be checking back soon to find out what additional posts you include. 안전놀이터
automatic rolling shutter bd
We are providing top quality or the top best automatic rolling shutter bd at a very reasonable price. You can choose automatic grill shutter, automatic aluminum shutter, automatic steel shutter, automatic fire proof shutter etc. from our stock. We are very much eager to provide you the extreme quality product with service. So, Please visit our website and feel free to order us any product from a large number of our products’ list. Thank you.
ฉันชอบบล็อกของคุณมาก บทความที่ดี เห็นได้ชัดที่สุดว่าผู้คนควรเรียนรู้ก่อนที่จะทำได้ คาสิโนออนไลน์
Aw, this was a really nice post! I would like to thank you for the efforts you’ve put in writing this site. Best of luck for the next! Please visit my website foreverosa.com . Best Special Occasion Gifts service provider.
Thanks so much with this fantastic new web site. very fired up to show it to anyone. It makes me so satisfied your vast understanding and wisdom have a new channel for trying into the world. sofa upholstery dubai
دکتر غیاثی جراح پلاستیک شیراز
https://dr-ghiasi.com/%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C/
ฉันจะคลิกที่นี่เพื่อเรียนรู้เกี่ยวกับการมอบหมายงานผู้เชี่ยวชาญเร็ว ๆ นี้ ถ้าฉันสามารถเรียนรู้เรื่องนี้ได้ในตอนนี้มันจะช่วยฉันในโครงการของฉันและนั่นเป็นสิ่งสำคัญสำหรับฉัน สล็อตออนไลน์
Your blog provided us with valuable information to work with. Each & every tips of your post are awesome. Thanks a lot for sharing. Keep blogging.. 먹튀검증
it’s really nice and meanful. it’s really cool blog. Linking is very useful thing.you have really helped lots of people who visit blog and provide them usefull information. Furniture Stores Mississauga
Kunjungi direktori hukum kami untuk menemukan jasa pengacara, kantor hukum berkualitas dan jasa notaris umum PPAT. Kami memiliki banyak pengacara untuk membantu Anda. Apakah Anda seorang pengacara? Memiliki kantor hukum atau notaris? Daftarkan jasa hukum Anda di direktori kami
https://www.firmahukum.com
I really like your writing style, great information, thankyou for posting. 먹튀검증
Great content material and great layout. Your website deserves all of the positive feedback it’s been getting. 먹튀검증
really like it when people get together new and challenging on blogs I stumbleupon everyday. 토토사이트
Hi there, after reading this amazing paragraph i am as well delighted to share my knowledge here with friends
먹튀사이트
Really a great addition. I have read this marvelous post. Thanks for sharing information about it. I really like that. Thanks so lot for your convene. this website
Temukan pembicara seminar dan motivator Indonesia di portal event kami PembicaraWahid.com. Daftarkan diri Anda juga di direktori pembicara kami.portal event
This is really great and useful information. I’m glad you just shared
Useful information with us. Keep up to date with this information.
Thanks for sharing. Please also visit my website.
Thank you for posting the wonderful article! I was really having fun
Reading it can make you a great writer. I
Bookmark your blog and you’ll come back later. I would also be grateful if you visit my website as well.출장안마
Excellently written article, doubts all bloggers offered the same content because you, the internet is a greater place. Please keep it up! roofing companies near me Fairview TX
NuggPlug is the world s most convenient 420 platform that offers our users access to hundreds of the top Cannabis, hemp brands in the world.
cannabis dispensary
I found useful information on this topic✅. Thank you posting relative information and its currently becoming easier to complete the project of
childrenswear
I found useful information on this topic✅. Thank you posting relative information and its currently becoming easier to complete the project of
childrenswear
Superior post, keep up with this exceptional work✅. It’s nice to know that this topic is being also covered on this web site so cheers for taking the time to discuss this! Thanks again and again!
https://bengals.company.com
NuggPlug is the world s most convenient 420 platform that offers our users access to hundreds of the top Cannabis, hemp brands in the world. cannabis delivery
Thanks for sharing! I din’t knew all of them but i liked some changes such as option for different views 모바일홀덤
I think about it is most required for making more on this get engaged. 토토사이트
I’m John Hillman & I absolutely, love camping, hiking and hunting in the wild. Before, I was in the military service for 10 years. After I was done with my service, I became a licensed hunter and a mountain guide. Not only, I’m experienced in camping & trekking but also, I hold a licensed a game hunting license.
I am a new user of this site so here i saw multiple articles and posts posted by this site,I curious more interest in some of them hope you will give more information on this topics in your next articles about 토토사이트.
I need you to thank for your season of this awesome 먹튀검증사이트!!! I definately appreciate each and every piece of it and I have you bookmarked to look at new stuff of your blog an absolute necessity read blog!!!!
Generally I don’t read post on blogs, but I wish to say that this write-up very forced me to try and do so! Your writing style has been surprised me. Thanks, very nice post. Best of luck for the next! Please visit my website certis-cars . Best car rental without a license in toulouse service provider.
Escort Play Boy Service is the main premium Playboy and Gigolo Services supplier in significant urban communities of India. We are giving Playboy and Gigolo Registration Services in significant urban communities of India, for example, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Mumbai, and Hyderabad. To get enlisted and gain cash and delight of paradise.
Visit Here
https://www.gigoloplayboyservice.in
It is really a nice and helpful piece of information. I’m glad that you shared this useful information with us. Please visit my website Legaldefenderspc.com . Best Criminal Record Expungement Dupage County service provider.
I recently found many useful information in your website especially this blog page. Among the lots of comments on your articles. Thanks for sharing. 모바일홀덤