1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
There are some intriguing points soon enough on this page but I do not determine if these center to heart. You can find some validity but I’m going to take hold opinion until I check into it further. Very good article , thanks and now we want a lot more! Added onto FeedBurner also เว็บแทงบอลฝากถอนไม่มีขั้นต่ำ
Very good points you wrote here..Great stuff…I think you’ve made some truly interesting points.Keep up the good work. kolkataescortsxx.info
Very good points you wrote here..Great stuff…I think you’ve made some truly interesting points.Keep up the good work. woodlands mortgage broker
Open an online casino account with a minimum of 100 baht.
สมัครคาสิโน100บาท
very interesting blog. What else may I get that kind of info written in such a perfect approach? I’ve a undertaking that I am simply now operating on, and I have been at the look out for such info. 바카라사이트
Basically When i understand the item this morning although I did many thought processes concerning this and today I need to to learn to read the item all over again mainly because it is quite well written. directory
Such a strikingly basic article.I basically wish to offer a creature proceed for the standard data you have perfect here on this post. Staycations in the UK
Купить Камагру – эффективное средство для мужчин. ❗ Цена на Камагру от 140 грн. Подарок при покупке от 12т. ➥ Доставка по Украине наложенным платежом ☎ (063) 608-24-60 камагра гель
Thanks for taking the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love learning more on this topic. If possible, as you gain expertise, would you mind updating your blog with extra information? It is extremely helpful for me. https://www.tampa-xway.com/hotmail-signup/
Onlinetesterguru is a free online tool website that offers a lot of free clicks per second tools that help users increase their clicking speed so that they can perform better in online games in which clicking is important
Kohi click test
Carnation products are really amazing.Facing acne issue for last 4 years its usage help me to reduce skin redness and acne . Now skin oil is much balanced. No word for thanks.
Carnation Beauty Store
I discovered your blog post site on the internet and check many of your early posts. Keep the good operate. I merely additional your Rss to my MSN News Reader. Looking for forward to reading more on your part down the road!… Biofuel Consultants
Great blog, I am going to spend more time reading about this subject Bandar casino terpercaya
I’ve been absent for a while, but now I remember why I used to love this website. Thank you, I will try and check back more often. How frequently you update your site? Bandar casino terpercaya
Thanks for the nice blog. It was very useful for me. I’m happy I found this blog. Thank you for sharing with us,I too always learn something new from your post. saba tips
HILOSPEC เราเป็นผู้ให้บริการ ไฮโลไทย อย่างถูกต้องตามกฎหมาย โดยเราเป็น เว็บไฮโลไทย เว็บตรงไม่ผ่านเอเย่นต์ พร้อมบริการทุกท่านตลอด 24 ชั่วโมง https://hilospec.com/
Essay代写
What cell phone browser is this website page optimized for Internet explorer? Updated Ideas
Gclub หรือ จีคลับ คืออะไร เป็นบริการเว็บไซต์พนันออนไลน์ที่มีทั้ง คาสิโนออนไลน์ และการพนันออนไลน์ อื่นๆไว้คอยให้บริการท่านอย่างไม่ติดขัด https://gclubspecial168.com/
Great info! I recently came across your blog and have been reading along. I thought I would leave my first comment. I don’t know what to say except that I have. Virtual Medical Assistant
An impressive share, I simply given this onto a colleague who had previously been doing small analysis with this. And the man in reality bought me breakfast because I came across it for him.. smile. So allow me to reword that: Thnx for your treat! But yeah Thnkx for spending some time to talk about this, I am strongly concerning this and adore reading more on this topic. When possible, as you become expertise, do you mind updating your blog site with more details? It is highly ideal for me. Huge thumb up just for this post! เว็บแทงบอลปลอดภัยไม่โกง
if you want a great wedding decoration, just fill them up with lots of flowers and laces` เว็บแทงบอลปลอดภัยไม่โกง
There are a few fascinating points at some point in this posting but I don’t know if I see these people center to heart. There may be some validity but Let me take hold opinion until I investigate it further. Good write-up , thanks and we want more! Included in FeedBurner in addition Poonam Answers
It’s in point of fact a nice and helpful piece of information. I am glad that you shared this helpful information with us. Please keep us up to date like this. Thank you for sharing. Poonam Answers
I conceive this site has some rattling excellent information for everyone : D. Poonam Answers
Good day”i am doing research right now and your blog really helped me. Poonam Answers
I really enjoy the blog.Really looking forward to read more. Keep writing. buy spotify monthly listeners
I’d should consult with you here. Which isn’t some thing I do! I quite like reading a post that can make people think. Also, appreciate your allowing me to comment! Hidden wiki link
You ought to get involved in a contest for one of the most effective blogs on-line. I’ll recommend this blog! The hidden wiki url
SA gaming baccarat สมัครใช้งานง่าย รับเครดิตฟรี ไม่มีเงื่อนไข หรือ ฝากเล่นขั้นต่ำ 50บาท ในครั้งถัดไป เกมพนัน sa game พร้อมให้บริการท่านแล้ว ตลอด 24ช.ม. https://sa-game.bet/
I truly appreciate this article. Much obliged. buy instagram views
When a blind man bears the standard pity those who follow…. Where ignorance is bliss ‘tis folly to be wise…. 商業英文
PGSLOTAUTO.CC ให้บริการเกมค่าย PG SLOT พีจี สล็อต PGSLOT ONLINE แจกเครดิตฟรี สล็อตออนไลน์ ได้เงินจริง เว็บตรง ไม่ผ่านเอเย่นต์ 2022 pg slot
123bet 123bet
แทงบอลออนไลน์ หรือ คาสิโนออนไลน์ สมัครเปิดใช้งาน user กับ ufabet เพียงฝากขั้นต่ำ 100บาท ก็เข้าสู่จักรวาลเดิมพันอันไร้ขอบเขตได้ทันที https://ufaball.bet/
مگاپاری
we buy houses louisville ky and all surrounding areas in KY. If you need to sell your house fast louisville KY, connect with us today. We would love to make you a fair, no-obligation, no-hassle offer.
Não perca prazos, fique atento a localização de sua encomenda, utilize o serviço de rastreamento correios e fique informado de onde está seu produto, lembrando que este serviço pode ser utilizado por quem envia e por quem recebe, assim ambos ficam informados e alinhados! rastreamento correios objeto
Não perca prazos, fique atento a localização de sua encomenda, utilize o serviço de rastreamento correios e fique informado de onde está seu produto, lembrando que este serviço pode ser utilizado por quem envia e por quem recebe, assim ambos ficam informados e alinhados! correios rastreio
investment propertyclick for detailed information
openskor situs live score spbo dan terbaru score akurat dan tercepat di indonesia. https://openskor.com/
I really appreciate this wonderful post that you have provided for us. I assure this would be beneficial for most of the people. Virtual Medical Assistant
Excellent Due全身心投入于学术论文代写、Essay代写、Report代写、Assignment代写、网课代修、数据分析、编程代写、毕业论文代写等各类学术代写任务。对每一份Order注入强大的后援力量,最强悍的团体凝聚力和最贴心的售后,来打造最卓越品质保障!企业级专席客服7*24在线咨询微信/QQ7878393 ;在茫茫人海中,我们相遇即是缘分。在漂泊的求知道路,有我们携手与您一同向前,保您学业无忧! 美国代写
I’d should talk with you here. Which is not something I usually do! I spend time reading an article that should get people to believe. Also, appreciate your permitting me to comment! Fun88
villas in Turkeyclick for detailed information
Always so interesting to visit your site.What a great info, thank you for sharing. this will help me so much in my learning 成人英語課程
I think this is an informative post and it is very useful and knowledgeable. therefore, I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. 網上中文課程
construction
click for detailed information
I am very enjoyed for this blog. Its an informative topic. It help me very much to solve some problems. Its opportunity are so fantastic and working style so speedy. Lockbit ransomware
I am very enjoyed for this blog. Its an informative topic. It help me very much to solve some problems. Its opportunity are so fantastic and working style so speedy. paket wisata karimunjawa