1: INDUSTRY OVERVIEW: DEPARTMENT STORES
Department stores are large retail outlets that contain numerous individual shops, providing a wide range of product lines. Department stores most oftentimes consist of the following product categories:
1) Food
2) Cosmetics
3) Shoes and Accessories
4) Clothing
5) Interior Décor
6) Restaurants
Depending on the type of department store, department stores can offer a much wider range of products, including furniture, toys, electronics, books, etc.
Department stores come in a wide range of qualities and prices. There are such things as “high-end department stores”, which would focus purely on offering high-profile brands and products, while there are more mass-market targeting department stores, which are more likely to include a wider range of products, including practical household products.
That said, department stores will oftentimes try to cater to specific types of market segments. Particularly in the case of department stores in large cities, each department store will try to position itself differently from its direct and nearby competitors: some will try to cater to younger generations, while some will try to cater to the older generations. Some will try to cater to those interested in mainstream brands, while others will focus more on boutique, independent brands.
In the US, the department store industry includes approximately 20 companies operating roughly 3,500 stores. Major department stores in the US include: Sears, JCPenney, Macy’s, and Dillard’s. The industry earns an annual revenue of around $60 billion USD, 95% of which is earned by the largest 8 companies in the industry.
Some links about the industry:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_store
http://vspages.com/mall-vs-department-store-5580/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall
http://www.hoovers.com/industry/department-stores/1529-1.html
SPACE
2a: Implicit or Explicit?
From the department store owner’s standpoint, I would say that space is often sold explicitly, as they would charge the tenants per the size of the lease space. On the other hand, for stalls or booths set up in more open areas of the department store, space may be considered more implicit, as these spaces may be sold with less correlation to the exact size of the space.
2b: Ways of Splitting Space
Department stores have different types of spaces within the building that cater to their customers. The most typical type is the space split by fixed walls into one unit, and can usually be shut off or closed by a door or a shutter. These spaces cannot easily be adjusted in terms of size and layout without investment of significant time and money. These fixed spaces are generally leased out to a specific brand or company, such as Zara, Coach, Burberry, etc.
Then there is the semi-fixed space, such as the department store areas dedicated to selling cosmetics or shoes. These are oftentimes open areas in which a specific brand or merchandising line take up certain spaces, but are not divided up by physical walls or entryways. These areas are much more flexible in terms of changing the products being handled, given that one area can easily be changed to carry one brand/line from another; however, certain fixtures used for the displays will be fixed, and hence less flexible to change from a layout perspective.
There is also open space, in which temporary booths or stalls are built to sell a smaller line of products or services.
Different from other uses of store space is the use of space to purely focus on selling experiential services. For department stores, the focus generally remains on selling physical products. However, there are rare instances when space is allocated to selling services—one case being when department stores are attached to movie theaters.
2c: Creating Additional Revenue
One of the most standard ways for department stores to create additional revenue is by holding major seasonal sales. Because the product life cycle of clothes tends to be fairly short, many stores have inventory left over by the time they have to replace old products with new products. Having a highly publicized sale allows for these leftover products to be sold, be it at a lower price than its retail value.
One key to making people spend more money is to convince people to stay out shopping longer. A way to
do this is to provide adequate opportunity for people to take a break from shopping and rest. Many department stores provide these venues by creating food courts—or in high-end places by providing patisseries or coffee shops at which people can recharge before going back to shop some more.
I also think one of the more creative ways in which department stores have used their space to create additional revenue is through creative use of its open space. Another approach department stores can use to bring people to their stores is to provide an additional incentive to go to that location. A common approach used to achieve this in the U.S. has been to create playgrounds in the open areas of the department stores. This service often incentivizes families to go to a department store, simply because it allows an opportunity for their children to play.
One more approach commonly used in Japanese department stores to bring more people to the site is to host certain “festivals” or special events in their open space. For example, department stores would often host weekly “mini fairs” on either the ground floor or the top floor, in which one area of the department store would be devoted to hosting jewelry/clothes/food from brands and shops that usually were not represented at the department store. The content would be changed frequently, and the department store would often be able to bring new people into the store by publicizing new, limited-time genres of offerings at their store.
2d: Potential New Ways of Splitting Space
There are several different directions department stores could potentially go in terms of splitting space differently. One direction would be to use space to create more personalized services to customers. Many of the spaces in department stores are “public”, but allocating a portion of space at high-end stores to allow for “private” space may allow for varying experiences for customers. Customers would be charged a premium for making use of these private spaces.
Another potential use may be to make the spaces more flexible. Instead of sticking with a model that leans heavily toward having “fixed” spaces, changing to a model in which it would be much simpler, cheaper, and quicker to change tenants may be an attractive approach for department stores that are pursuing a more trendy, up-to-date feel.
3: TIME
3a: Implicit or Explicit?
Department stores generally sell time implicitly: this is because the product being sold generally isn’t associated with a particular time limit. For example, it is not like a massage, where you are buying 60 minutes worth of service. The transaction is associated with a physical product unattached to time.
3c: Selling Time Explicitly
Time is currently being sold explicitly at certain department stores, although these cases are generally not a reflection of its overall business model. For example, some department stores may include shops that offer time-explicit services. Some department stores have massage shops, which are time-based service sales.
As another example, some department stores in Japan have small football fields on their rooftops, which people can rent out on an hourly basis.
(http://www.futaba-sp.com/omiya/2010/03/post-23.html)
Some department stores also include game centers for children—some of these entertainment options include machines that run for a set period of time per game.
Department stores will often have restaurants on one of their floors. These restaurants can often choose to set time limits to each group of customers (ex. 2hr limit) to be able to take in more customers during peak times.
(http://www.mitokeisei.co.jp/shop/10_skygarden/11keizan.html)
3d: Creative Things to do with Time
There are a couple things that could be done creatively with time—some of which may already be being done to varying lengths at department stores. One might be to offer some sort of benefit if a certain amount of time is spent within the department store. For example, if a customer was to receive certain benefits if they stayed for 5 hours at a department store on an off-peak day, this could incentivize customers to spend more money during their wait time, and this could also help to improve the image of the department store by maintaining more customers.
Another thing they might potentially consider doing is to include shops that provide rental services. Some shops may already do tuxedo/dress rentals, which would be time-based; they could potentially take this further by doing time-based rentals of other high-end luxury clothes and accessories.
4a/b: Physical and Non-Physical Rate Fences
Below are several examples of physical rate fences (owner-tenant relationships are more likely to be involved with physical rate fences than the tenant-customer relationships)
- (Owner-tenant POV) Depending on the size of the space being rented, owners can choose to increase or decrease the rates
- (Owner-tenant POV) Certain areas of a department store are likely to be more popular/convenient; hence an owner can charge more depending on the location of the space within the store (http://www.ehow.com/facts_6313023_average-retail-lease_.html)
- (Tenant-customer POV) For services such as restaurants within the department store, tenants can set rates by charging differently between open areas and private rooms
In terms of non-physical rate fences, I would say that there are many opportunities to create rate fences, depending on the type of service/product the store sells. There are also several opportunities within the owner-tenant relationship:
- (Owner-tenant POV) Depending on the lease period, the owner can set different rates to charge the tenant
- (Owner-tenant POV) Depending on the credibility/attractiveness of the tenant, the owner can set different rates
- (Tenant-customer POV) Depending on the quality of the product, functionality of the product, or time/length of the service, rates can be set differently. There is an enormously wide range of examples of this in department stores. A Gap outlet, for example, may sell a tank top for $10, while a Burberry outlet would sell a similar styled tank top for $150. Similarly, a cell phone with 3G functionality may sell at a cell phone provider outlet at a certain price, while a phone with 4G functionality would sell at a much higher price.
4c: Creative Ways to Set Rate Fences
Some ways I can think of setting rate fences creatively is to perhaps offer more intangible services—rather than just the physical products. For example, an I Love Bangkok t-shirt may only cost $5 at the actual retail shop, but if the customer already knows what he/she wants, but doesn’t want to make the trip up 7 floors and 5 minutes of walking to get there, the store could potentially charge an extra $1 to have the t-shirt brought down to the concierge desk of the department store for a quick pick-up.
CX-5461
Creatine supplementation was related to fewer histological lesions, as well as lower levels of plasma urea, which may suggest a protective effect against lesions caused by ischemia and reperfusion of posterior paws muscles in Wistar rats.Vriesea bahiana, Hohenbergia castellanosii and Encholirium spectabile are endemic Brazilian species that are considered endemic or endangered. Development of strategies to conserve these sp
psychiatric assessment online
The Advantages and Threats of Online Psychiatric Assessment
Online psychiatric assessments offer an efficient and hassle-free way to obtain aid for psychological health problems. Nevertheless, it’s important to understand the advantages and risks of these assessments.
Bezafibrate molecular weight
Melatonin (MLT) is a neurohormone that is regulated by the circadian clock and plays multifunctional roles in numerous neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is the most common form of dementia and is associated with the degradation of axons and synapses resulting in memory loss and cognitive impairment. Despite extensive research, there is still no effective cure or speci
Apcin cost
Our preliminary analysis suggested substantial nest differentiation with no population viscosity within the sampled location, as well as colonies with multiple queens (polygyny) and paternity (polyandry). Our newly identified microsatellites have proven to be highly informative to investigate gene flow, social structure and reproduction of this key agricultural pest.Schizophrenia is a biologically complex disorder with mu
PCNA-I1 molecular weight
The current findings suggest that improvements in mental health of participants of ayahuasca ceremonies can be driven by non-pharmacological factors that constitute a placebo response but also by pharmacological factors that are related to the use of ayahuasca. These findings stress the importance of placebo-controlled designs in psychedelic research and the need to further explore the contribution of non-p
best wood burning stove
Types of Wood Burners Near Me
Wood-burning stoves are an easier and more economical alternative to costly fossil fuels and electricity. They also reduce dependence on imported wood, an important source of carbon.
Studies have found that smoke from residential wood stoves can contribute to the winter air pollution in areas in which it is prevalent. This i
see more
Furthermore, histological features are acquiring new roles as reflectors of the genotype-phenotype correlation, and their potential impact on patient management is currently being analyzed. The aim of this literature review is to provide a modern overview of the histological assessment of GC. In this study, we discuss recent topics on the histological diagnosis of GC, focusing on the current role of Laurén classification a
https://www.selleckchem.com/products/conteltinib-ct-707.html
SRNOM may thus have higher antioxidant activity, leading a higher inhibitory effect on NEB photodegradation. A total of six degradation products were identified in the absence and presence of DOM by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The substitution of F by OH-groups and further oxidation a OH-group in the lateral chain to a ketone, and cleavage of N-C bond by the attack of 3DOM
corporation directory
Late capitalism has turned US into hypnotized zombies. Not only is there a chicken in practically any pot with a car in virtually every garage, put on weight a cellphone in every pocket, computers in every Suzie’s and Junior’s bedroom, and a t.v. every and every living room (and bedroom and bathroom and kitchen.).
OSecondly, exploration . hom
this website
Cisplatin is widely used in the chemoradiotherapy (CRT) of cervical cancers. However, despite the severe systemic side effects, the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin is often compromised by the development of drug resistance, which is closely related to the elevated intracellular thiol-containing species (especially glutathione (GSH)) and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent glutathione S-conjugate pumps. The co
find more
519, 0.374 for BSA + SAL and BSA + SAL + HA, respectively) and the most favorable fouling mechanism of feed solution which included HA and SAL (R2 = 0.972). The water contact angle dropped from 58o to 35° after coating, thus improving its anti-fouling properties.Coffee pulp (C.P.) is a waste of coffee production that needs to be controlled. Due to its high moisture and sugar content, a diagnostic study that
Wow, this article is fastidious, my sister is analyzing these kinds of things,
thus I am going to convey her.
My blog post: sugarmd review
zambian CHRISTOPHER MUNDIA
Success in business depends on an excellent reputation. Anyone in business must know what it means to have a positive reputation, not knowing this can lead to consumers viewing your business in a poor light. These suggestions are certain to help you increase the reputation of your business.
To be seen as
selleckchem
Such changes are likely to continue evolving in parallel with changes in both prescription and nonprescription opioid availability and use patterns, as well as emerging populations that are affected by the “waves” of the opioid epidemic.
The opioid crisis is a profound public health crisis in the United States. It has significantly increased morbidity and mortality in our nation. There are many contrib
this website
Background Studies have shown that miRNA (miR) can be stably detected in serum, and aberrant expression of various miRNAs has shown diagnostic value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, the role of miRNA in the context of prognosis has not been extensively investigated. Our previous study reported that miR-22, miR-125b, and miR-15b in serum had potential for use as tumor markers for a
هتریک بت
It’s also possible to make a profile and start taking jobs on a platform like Activity Rabbit or providing rides on Uber or Lyft, in case you own a automobile. Taking online surveys: It might not quantity to a career path, but taking online surveys could be a way to earn some fast further money on the internet. By viewing the contents of this webpage you agree this condition of viewing and you acknowledge that any unauthorized use is unlawful an
https://www.pinterest.com/leo88vnorg/
Kính chào bạn đến với nền tảng cá cược hàng đầu tại Việt Nam. Với cổng cá cược của chúng tôi, bạn sẽ có cơ hội tham gia vào hàng nghìn trò chơi từ casino, đến các trò chơi giải trí.
Nền tảng cá cược của chúng tôi cung cấp trải nghiệm chơi game tuyệt vời với hệ thống bảo mật cao. Chúng tôi sử dụng các phương pháp bảo vệ thông tin của bạn, giúp bạn yên tâm khi tham gia
Alexidine mw
In this book chapter, we are guiding the reader step by step through recombinase-logic circuit design from selecting the design strategy fitting to his/her final system of interest to obtaining the final design using one of our design web-interface.The success of any oligonucleotide-based experiment strongly depends on the accurate design of the components. Oli2go is a user-friendly web tool that prov
Selleckchem Reversine
2% of cases. A total of 5 (45.5%) perforations were caused by unintended and unnoticed bias cutting into noncalcified plaques (4, 36.4%) or through calcified vessel wall (1, 9.1%). The mechanisms for certain CPs were unique and illustrated in diagrams.
CPs due to RA occur in certain percentage of patients. The mechanisms for CPs are diverse. Wire damage with subsequen
AMG-900 cell line
Although the role of the insular cortex in representing bodily and emotional feelings has been recognized, whether the mid-posterior and anterior parts of the insula act differentially in the encoding and regulation of emotional feelings is still unclear. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we examined the effects of the creative cognitive reappraisals versus the non-creative ordinary reapp
Colforsin clinical trial
Our findings reveal a molecular mechanism by which a central signalling hub is shared but differentially modulated by diverse signalling pathways using distinct phosphorylation codes that can be specified by upstream protein kinases.The RNA modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has critical roles in many biological processes1,2. However, the function of m6A in the early phase of mammalian development rema
GNE317
The algorithm increased structural equality by balancing the most important covariates which might be of different importance for the matching process.
The implementation of the algorithm in the statistical software SAS offers high flexibility regarding an application to various data analysis projects. Specifically, it provides a broader range of features (e.g. diverse distance measure
business intelligence advisors
Lightray Solutions business intelligence advisors . In today’s fast-paced business environment, making informed decisions is more critical than ever. Companies are inundated with vast amounts of data, and harnessing this information effectively can be the key to unlocking new opportunities and achieving competitive advantages. This is where business intelligence advisors come into
Selleck SB525334
Our study introduces a novel MR sequence sensitive to the short T2* components of the sciatic nerve and may be used for the study of peripheral nerve disorders.
Our study introduces a novel MR sequence sensitive to the short T2* components of the sciatic nerve and may be used for the study of peripheral nerve disorders.
In local SAR compression algorithms, the overestimation
https://scenep2p.com/user/mapsail21/
Giấc mơ luôn là một bí ẩn thú vị trong cuộc sống của chúng ta. Mỗi đêm khi chìm vào giấc ngủ, chúng ta thường được đưa đến những miền đất kỳ diệu, nơi mà những hình ảnh và cảm xúc lộn xộn có thể mang ý nghĩa sâu xa. Liệu có bao giờ bạn tự hỏi những giấc mơ này có thể chứa đựng thông điệp gì từ tiềm thức của mình hay không? Việc giải mã giấc mơ không chỉ giúp chúng ta hiể
https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pfi-6.html
setting.
Level IV-case series.
Level IV-case series.Congenital tibial pseudarthrosis is a rare condition seen in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), and treatment is complex. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2; INFUSE bone graft) at time of tibial surgery was developed by the Neurofibromato
selleck inhibitor
Thirteen unmodified lignin samples from different biomass sources and isolation processes were characterized and used to entirely replace bisphenol A (BPA) in the formulation of solubilized epoxy resins using a developed novel method. The objective was to measure the reactivity of different lignins toward bio-based epichlorohydrin (ECH). The epoxy contents of various bio-based epoxidized lignins were measured by
https://www.lawyersservice.com/netherlands/zaandam/attorneys/arbeidsrecht-advocaat-zaandam
Wanneer je verwikkeld bent in een juridische kwestie, is het belangrijk dat je een professionele advocaat in in Zaandam inschakelt. Het specialisme van een advocaat biedt je verschillende voordelen. Een advocaat is een jurist die afgestudeerd is in het Nederlands recht. Diegene behar
mps1 signaling
Rest redistribution are suitable for men and women, but quite strong people may well not boost their velocity maintenance with RR to your exact same extent as less strong individuals. Virgile, the and Bishop, C. A narrative article on limb dominance Task specificity and also the importance of fitness evaluating. J Strength Cond Res 35(3) 846-858,
mapk signals inhibitor library
This paper provides observations of two flares that both apparently violate the formerly set up habits when you look at the general timing of submillimeter/NIR/X-ray flares from Sgr A*. One of these simple occasions offers the first proof of coeval structure between NIR and submillimeter flux increases, as the second occ
e2conjugating signal
This study aimed to judge the relationship between dietary iodine intake and urine iodine removal in expecting mothers. This study enrolled 150 pregnant women aged between 19 and 45 many years whom applied to Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Trabzon. Place urine specimens had been taken, and dietary iodine intake data were collected making use of a food frequency survey (F
untreated adhd in adults uk
ADHD in Adults – Treatment Options
ADHD is a prevalent neurological disorder that affects around 4,4% of the population. It is accompanied by high rates of comorbidity, including anxiety, depression and addiction to drugs, and significant social, emotional and occupational impairments.
<b
this website
UNMIX was able to extract particulate sources in both the locations and crustal resuspensions (dust/-soil) were identified as the dominant source contributing 57%-63% of PM10 mass. Secondary aerosols were the second important source (17%-23%), followed by emissions from biomass/-refuse burning (10-19%). Transport of airborne particulates from upper IGP by prevailing westerly were identified as the important cont
http://www.selleckchem.com/ALK.html
It is common for adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) to misuse additional substances, and these individuals may be particularly at risk for adverse events, including mortality. Less is known about how continued receipt of prescription opioids or risk of adverse events (e.g., suicidality, overdose, poisoning) differs for people with co-occurring OUD and additional substance use disorders (SUDs).
selleck inhibitor
To review all high quality available evidence regarding the effect of intraoperative bupivacaine 24 hours (or 8.9 half-lives) after intraoperative administration at time of gynaecologic surgery and to ascertain whether a second mechanism of action, beyond the initial prevention of sodium channel depolarization and blockade of nerve impulses, may be occurring.
We searched
Etrumadenant nmr
We propose that our new preoperational in vitro Drug-LGIR test, which specifies the most efficacious medication for each recipient, is useful for controlling immune attacks with personalized treatment for each patient after retinal transplantation.Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most severe cancers, and its incidence and mortality rates have steadily increased in the past decade. In this study, we demonstrate th
click here
Histidine buffer at pH6.5 showed a lower ISP than pH5.7.
This systematic study via orthogonal analyses demonstrated that subcutaneous ISP is significantly influenced by solution composition.
This systematic study via orthogonal analyses demonstrated that subcutaneous ISP is significantly influenced by solution composition.
Perihemorrhagic ede
find more
Why Choose Offices And Studios Containers?
A container office can be built in just a fraction of the time required to build a traditional building. This saves businesses money on construction costs as well as reducing their environmental impact.
Located in Wilmington, NC is a coworking space called
selleckchem
The overall pelvic control was 89%. The overall recurrence rate was 25% and distant metastases rate was 22%. The overall 5-year survival rate was 65% and cancer-specific survival rate was 69%. Prognostic factors were FIGO stage and total brachytherapy dose (D
) to HRCTV. Late serious toxicity of the bladder and intestine were rare, occurring in only 3% of patients.
<
KPT-330 mw
Using LigaSure, operative time was longer in abdominoplasty and thigh lift, but shorter in mastopexy and brachioplasty. Although not statistically significant, the amount of blood and serum recorded from drains in the first 36 hours was reduced in LigaSure groups. Additional analgesic intake was reduced with LigaSure as well as postoperative subjective pain. In all body contouring procedures statistically significant dif
FTY720
Novel treatment strategies incorporating PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the first-line setting of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) provided relevant improvements in survival outcomes. Among NSCLC patients with PD-L1 tumor proportion score ≥50%, identifying the ones to be addressed to pembrolizumab monotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy combinations is a matter of debate, taking into account the risks of overtreatment and tox
Orforglipron agonist
o support our findings.BACKGROUND FMX103 1.5% is the first and only topical minocycline foam that is approved for the treatment of papulopustular rosacea in adults. OBJECTIVE We sought to characterize the safety and pharmacokinetics of minocycline under maximal-use conditions of FMX103 1.5% in subjects with moderate-to-severe rosacea. METHODS This Phase Isingle-center, nonrandomized, open-label,
this website
Dercum’s disease, or adiposis dolorosa, is a rare disorder which consists of multiple, painful lipomas within the subcutaneous tissue and has a distribution mainly in the abdomen and extremities. Dercum’s disease can be defined as in combination with chronic painful adipose tissue. Although the etiology of Dercum’s disease is not clear, it is thought to be a combination of a neurological and endocrine disorder. Treatment for this
PI3K inhibitor
f the dopants, but also the root mean square surface roughness obtained at the end of the process. However, rms values can be scattered because technological parameters such as the heating system and the way to deposit and remove the C-cap can affect the final result as well as the process parameters. Furthermore, the C-cap resistance to long annealing has been proven only by electrical measurements, but the surfac
Adavivint mouse
SVM provided the highest accuracy of 77.17% with 81.97% sensitivity and 67.74% specificity. Our results indicate the potential of machine learning + dual-task assessment to enable early diagnosis of cognitive decline before it advances to dementia and AD, so that early intervention or prevention strategies can be initiated.Music is a medium for people to convey and express information, and different music styles s
http://www.selleckchem.com/ALK.html
It is common for adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) to misuse additional substances, and these individuals may be particularly at risk for adverse events, including mortality. Less is known about how continued receipt of prescription opioids or risk of adverse events (e.g., suicidality, overdose, poisoning) differs for people with co-occurring OUD and additional substance use disorders (SUDs).
Smoothened Agonist supplier
well. A significantly increased effect was found on vision-based behavior when using ARPE-19 and OpRegen® RPE. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review shows that RPE transplantation in animal models for retinal degeneration significantly increases a- and b- wave amplitudes and improves vision-related behavior. These effects appear to be more pronounced in young animals, when the number of t
untreated adhd in adults uk
ADHD in Adults – Characterisation, Diagnosis and Treatment
The first step in seeking treatment for ADHD is finding a health care professional who can evaluate you. They will inquire about your symptoms, family history, and any other factors like stress, school or work problems.
The symptoms you are experiencing will be evaluated by using checklists and b
2-Aminoethanethiol price
001) and the E-PLND (19 vs 14,
<0.001) eras. Also, a significantly higher proportion of patients in the R-PLND group had an adequate PLND compared to the L-PLND group. Surgical approach to PLND (R- vs L-PLND) was the only variable that was significantly associated with an adequate PLND on both univariable (odds ratio [OR] 1.860, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.114-3.105;
<
this website
Adoption of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) in sub-Saharan Africa is poor. The aim of this study was to describe our experience of the feasibility and short-term efficacy of the LIHR service at a South African tertiary academic hospital.
A retrospective audit of all the adult, elective, laparoscopic inguinal hernia cases that were done between November 2011 and 31 Oct