by

Department Store Industry

1: INDUSTRY OVERVIEW: DEPARTMENT STORES

Department stores are large retail outlets that contain numerous individual shops, providing a wide range of product lines. Department stores most oftentimes consist of the following product categories:

1)      Food

2)      Cosmetics

3)      Shoes and Accessories

4)      Clothing

5)      Interior Décor

6)      Restaurants

Depending on the type of department store, department stores can offer a much wider range of products, including furniture, toys, electronics, books, etc.

Department stores come in a wide range of qualities and prices. There are such things as “high-end department stores”, which would focus purely on offering high-profile brands and products, while there are more mass-market targeting department stores, which are more likely to include a wider range of products, including practical household products.

That said, department stores will oftentimes try to cater to specific types of market segments. Particularly in the case of department stores in large cities, each department store will try to position itself differently from its direct and nearby competitors: some will try to cater to younger generations, while some will try to cater to the older generations. Some will try to cater to those interested in mainstream brands, while others will focus more on boutique, independent brands.

In the US, the department store industry includes approximately 20 companies operating roughly 3,500 stores. Major department stores in the US include: Sears, JCPenney, Macy’s, and Dillard’s. The industry earns an annual revenue of around $60 billion USD, 95% of which is earned by the largest 8 companies in the industry.

Some links about the industry:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_store

http://vspages.com/mall-vs-department-store-5580/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall

http://www.hoovers.com/industry/department-stores/1529-1.html

 

SPACE

2a: Implicit or Explicit?

From the department store owner’s standpoint, I would say that space is often sold explicitly, as they would charge the tenants per the size of the lease space. On the other hand, for stalls or booths set up in more open areas of the department store, space may be considered more implicit, as these spaces may be sold with less correlation to the exact size of the space.

2b: Ways of Splitting Space

Department stores have different types of spaces within the building that cater to their customers. The most typical type is the space split by fixed walls into one unit, and can usually be shut off or closed by a door or a shutter. These spaces cannot easily be adjusted in terms of size and layout without investment of significant time and money. These fixed spaces are generally leased out to a specific brand or company, such as Zara, Coach, Burberry, etc.

 

Then there is the semi-fixed space, such as the department store areas dedicated to selling cosmetics or shoes. These are oftentimes open areas in which a specific brand or merchandising line take up certain spaces, but are not divided up by physical walls or entryways. These areas are much more flexible in terms of changing the products being handled, given that one area can easily be changed to carry one brand/line from another; however, certain fixtures used for the displays will be fixed, and hence less flexible to change from a layout perspective.

 

There is also open space, in which temporary booths or stalls are built to sell a smaller line of products or services.

Different from other uses of store space is the use of space to purely focus on selling experiential services. For department stores, the focus generally remains on selling physical products. However, there are rare instances when space is allocated to selling services—one case being when department stores are attached to movie theaters.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2c: Creating Additional Revenue

One of the most standard ways for department stores to create additional revenue is by holding major seasonal sales. Because the product life cycle of clothes tends to be fairly short, many stores have inventory left over by the time they have to replace old products with new products. Having a highly publicized sale allows for these leftover products to be sold, be it at a lower price than its retail value.

One key to making people spend more money is to convince people to stay out shopping longer. A way to do this is to provide adequate opportunity for people to take a break from shopping and rest. Many department stores provide these venues by creating food courts—or in high-end places by providing patisseries or coffee shops at which people can recharge before going back to shop some more.

I also think one of the more creative ways in which department stores have used their space to create additional revenue is through creative use of its open space. Another approach department stores can use to bring people to their stores is to provide an additional incentive to go to that location. A common approach used to achieve this in the U.S. has been to create playgrounds in the open areas of the department stores. This service often incentivizes families to go to a department store, simply because it allows an opportunity for their children to play.

 One more approach commonly used in Japanese department stores to bring more people to the site is to host certain “festivals” or special events in their open space. For example, department stores would often host weekly “mini fairs” on either the ground floor or the top floor, in which one area of the department store would be devoted to hosting jewelry/clothes/food from brands and shops that usually were not represented at the department store. The content would be changed frequently, and the department store would often be able to bring new people into the store by publicizing new, limited-time genres of offerings at their store.

2d: Potential New Ways of Splitting Space

There are several different directions department stores could potentially go in terms of splitting space differently. One direction would be to use space to create more personalized services to customers. Many of the spaces in department stores are “public”, but allocating a portion of space at high-end stores to allow for “private” space may allow for varying experiences for customers. Customers would be charged a premium for making use of these private spaces.

Another potential use may be to make the spaces more flexible. Instead of sticking with a model that leans heavily toward having “fixed” spaces, changing to a model in which it would be much simpler, cheaper, and quicker to change tenants may be an attractive approach for department stores that are pursuing a more trendy, up-to-date feel.

3: TIME

3a: Implicit or Explicit?

Department stores generally sell time implicitly: this is because the product being sold generally isn’t associated with a particular time limit. For example, it is not like a massage, where you are buying 60 minutes worth of service. The transaction is associated with a physical product unattached to time.

3c: Selling Time Explicitly

Time is currently being sold explicitly at certain department stores, although these cases are generally not a reflection of its overall business model. For example, some department stores may include shops that offer time-explicit services. Some department stores have massage shops, which are time-based service sales.

 As another example, some department stores in Japan have small football fields on their rooftops, which people can rent out on an hourly basis.

(http://www.futaba-sp.com/omiya/2010/03/post-23.html)

 

 

Some department stores also include game centers for children—some of these entertainment options include machines that run for a set period of time per game.

 

 

 

Department stores will often have restaurants on one of their floors. These restaurants can often choose to set time limits to each group of customers (ex. 2hr limit) to be able to take in more customers during peak times.

(http://www.mitokeisei.co.jp/shop/10_skygarden/11keizan.html)

 

 

 

3d: Creative Things to do with Time

There are a couple things that could be done creatively with time—some of which may already be being done to varying lengths at department stores. One might be to offer some sort of benefit if a certain amount of time is spent within the department store. For example, if a customer was to receive certain benefits if they stayed for 5 hours at a department store on an off-peak day, this could incentivize customers to spend more money during their wait time, and this could also help to improve the image of the department store by maintaining more customers.

 

Another thing they might potentially consider doing is to include shops that provide rental services. Some shops may already do tuxedo/dress rentals, which would be time-based; they could potentially take this further by doing time-based rentals of other high-end luxury clothes and accessories.

4a/b: Physical and Non-Physical Rate Fences

Below are several examples of physical rate fences (owner-tenant relationships are more likely to be involved with physical rate fences than the tenant-customer relationships)

  • (Owner-tenant POV) Depending on the size of the space being rented, owners can choose to increase or decrease the rates
  • (Owner-tenant POV) Certain areas of a department store are likely to be more popular/convenient; hence an owner can charge more depending on the location of the space within the store (http://www.ehow.com/facts_6313023_average-retail-lease_.html)
  • (Tenant-customer POV) For services such as restaurants within the department store, tenants can set rates by charging differently between open areas and private rooms

In terms of non-physical rate fences, I would say that there are many opportunities to create rate fences, depending on the type of service/product the store sells. There are also several opportunities within the owner-tenant relationship:

  • (Owner-tenant POV) Depending on the lease period, the owner can set different rates to charge the tenant
  • (Owner-tenant POV) Depending on the credibility/attractiveness of the tenant, the owner can set different rates
  • (Tenant-customer POV) Depending on the quality of the product, functionality of the product, or time/length of the service, rates can be set differently. There is an enormously wide range of examples of this in department stores. A Gap outlet, for example, may sell a tank top for $10, while a Burberry outlet would sell a similar styled tank top for $150. Similarly, a cell phone with 3G functionality may sell at a cell phone provider outlet at a certain price, while a phone with 4G functionality would sell at a much higher price.

4c: Creative Ways to Set Rate Fences

Some ways I can think of setting rate fences creatively is to perhaps offer more intangible services—rather than just the physical products. For example, an I Love Bangkok t-shirt may only cost $5 at the actual retail shop, but if the customer already knows what he/she wants, but doesn’t want to make the trip up 7 floors and 5 minutes of walking to get there, the store could potentially charge an extra $1 to have the t-shirt brought down to the concierge desk of the department store for a quick pick-up.

309,550 thoughts on “Department Store Industry”

  1. смотреть онлайн бесплатно зимородок

    Зимородок — это один из самых захватывающих турецких сериалов, который уже успел завоевать сердца зрителей как в Турции, так и за её пределами. Сюжет нас в мир любви, предательства и страсти, исследуя сложные отношения между главными героями. Каждый эпизод наполнен эмоциональными моментами, которые заставляют зрителей сопереживать персонажам и откладывать все дела, ч

  2. beställa nytt ykb-kort
    Costs Connected With Buying a Driving License

    Getting your driving license involves conference eligibility requirements, taking motorists ed and passing a composed test. It also requires undergoing an eye test.

    While you can buy a car wit

  4. https://sahabatratu.com/
    mendapati banyak sekali bonus dalam suatu taruhan tentu ini jadi satu diantara keuntungan. lebih-lebih lagi kalau kamu masuk pada agen slots online. dengan masuk pada agen slots terpilih akan membantu dalam menggapai semua keuntungan. terhitung dalam masalah ini memperoleh banyak sekali bonus dalam taruhan.

    terdapat beberapa untung yang dapat kamu temukan dengan bonus free spin. bonus ini dap

  5. How to Enjoy Layovers Like a Pro
    Exploring the Foundations of Digital Marketing

    Introduction

    In today’s ever-evolving world, internet marketing has become essential for companies aiming to expand their reach. Understanding its fundamental principles is integral to leveraging the potential of the online space.

    Body Cont

  6. Internet Page
    ADHD Treatment in Adults

    ADHD can cause problems at work, school and in relationships. It’s crucial to obtain an extensive medical examination and to rule out other conditions that may resemble ADHD symptoms.

    Cognitive behavioral therapy is a type of psychotherapy that can help manage sy

  7. ونکوور
    ونکوور به عنوان یکی از شهرهای متنوع و چندفرهنگی کانادا، یک مقصد عالی برای علاقه‌مندان به تجربه‌های غذایی است. این شهر به دلیل تنوع قومیتی و دسترسی به مواد اولیه تازه از دریا و زمین، رستوران‌های متعددی با سبک‌ها و طعم‌های مختلف ارائه می‌دهد. در اینجا به معرفی برخی از بهترین رستوران‌های ونکوور می‌پردازیم:

    Garden Cafe: رستورانی دنج و زیبا در من

  8. self cleaning vacuum
    How to Find the Best Budget Robot Vacuum

    A bargain robot vacuum is a steal. However, be aware that it could cost more than you anticipated in maintenance: detangling the fur from brushes, blocking inlets and emptying small dust bins can quickly turn your dream of automating cleaning an exercise.

    <

  9. beställa.nytt körkort
    Purchasing a Category B Driving License

    If you’re looking for a career in truck driving, purchasing a category B driving license is an excellent option. In the semi-unified system utilized across EEA countries, this driver’s license allows you to operate a single vehicle with a GVWR of 26,001 pounds or mor

  10. comfortable affordable couches
    Comfortable Sectional Couches For Sale

    There are numerous types of sectional couches for sale. Some provide unique functions like built-in USB ports or reclining seats. Other couches include a modular design that can be customized for your area.

    If

  11. führerschein kaufen erfahrungen
    How to Buy a Motorcycle License

    Buying a motorcycle without a license is legal in a number of states, but it’s not practical. You’re not allowed to test-drive the bike and a majority of insurance companies will be extra cautious when assessing the risk.

    Th

  12. robot vacuum deals
    Top Rated Robot Vacuums

    A robot vacuum will keep floors clean enough to reduce the frequency at which you need to manually vacuum. Find one that has an easy navigation, can clean stairs and corners, and has a large dust bin that requires emptying only periodically.

    There are that clean and charge themselves This feature could be benefi

  13. adhd treatment for adults
    ADHD in Adult Women Treatment

    Women with ADHD may have problems with their relationships. This could include problems at work or school and disagreements with romantic partners, and a lack of respect for family members. These issues can lead to depression or low self-esteem.

    Compensatory Strategies (e.g

  14. adhd treatment for adults
    ADHD Treatment For Adults in the UK

    The adult ADHD services are at a crossroads. Waiting lists are causing morale to drop and reducing capacity. substantial improvement will require significant additional funding.

    The first step is to get an appointment with psyc

  15. Multistore Containers
    5 Creative Uses For 30ft Shipping Containers

    Shipping containers offer an effective and creative solution for a variety of uses. From homes to pop-up stores and mobile offices, they can also be transformed into creative workshops and off-grid retreats.

    The container’s corner castings and the floor are its cor

  16. nytt körkort
    The Legal and Practical Challenges of Buying a Driving License

    Lots of people buy vehicles without a license, whether it’s as a financial investment or for personal use. Nevertheless, it’s crucial to comprehend the legal and practical challenges of doing so.

    The initial step is to study the N

  17. https://daga.place/
    Really, these games are filled with adrenaline and also fun. Check it out for yourself, you’ll be amazed at selection of games that the internet casinos always be offer. You can also get in touch with some experts perform safe.

    The comfort is nearly all of players are in search of in gambling with their preferred casino video games. And for online casinos, they are giving through the years of t

  18. comfy couches for small spaces
    How to Update a Sectional Couch Into a Cozy Couch

    Compared to two smaller sized sofas or a pair of loveseats, sectionals often have more seating capacity and look more incorporated in the room. They’re likewise a great choice if you regularly have guests who wish to crash on the couch.

    <b

  19. Khuyến mãi hitclub
    Bạn nên xác định một ngân sách cụ thể cho mỗi lần chơi và tuân thủ nghiêm ngặt. Nếu bạn đã thua hết số tiền đã đặt ra, hãy dừng lại và quay lại vào một dịp khác. Còn nếu bạn thắng lớn, đừng vội vàng tiếp tục cược mà hãy biết cách giữ lại một phần thắng để đảm bảo an toàn cho tài chính của mình.

    Hitclub nổi bật với việc sử dụng các công nghệ tiên tiến nhằm nâng cao trải nghiệm người c

  20. Find out
    Agile methodologies are created to enhance flexibility, effort, and efficiency inside project management, particularly in software development. However, for Agile to deliver the full potential, it’s critical to have the right folks within the right functions. Each role within an Agile team plays an unique and essential part in ensuring the team’s success. In this article, we’ll explore the key jobs that are

  21. How to Travel More Sustainably
    The Importance of Efficient Time Organization Strategies

    Introduction

    In today’s rapidly evolving world, time controlling is more crucial than ever. Whether How to Book Cheap Flights Like a Pro are a student, a professional, or managing a household, understandin

  22. nytt körkort
    Class A and Class B Driving Licences

    If you’re believing about entering into the truck driving market or have a company that counts on freight transportation, it’s important to understand the distinction between a class A and a class B business driver’s license. Both types are essential for driving business automobiles, however their requi

  23. führerschein zum kaufen
    New York Driver’s License Classifications

    No matter if you’re a first-time driver or an experienced one, it’s crucial to know the various classes of licenses. These classes determine the restrictions and obligations of driving.

    Learn about the DMV’s services including how you can prepare for your knowledge test, and how to get your learners permit. Find

  24. ونکوور
    ونکوور به عنوان یکی از شهرهای متنوع و چندفرهنگی کانادا، یک مقصد عالی برای علاقه‌مندان به تجربه‌های غذایی است. این شهر به دلیل تنوع قومیتی و دسترسی به مواد اولیه تازه از دریا و زمین، رستوران‌های متعددی با سبک‌ها و طعم‌های مختلف ارائه می‌دهد. در اینجا به معرفی برخی از بهترین رستوران‌های ونکوور می‌پردازیم:

    Garden Cafe: رستورانی دنج و زیبا در منطقه یال تاون که به دلیل غذاهای دریایی تازه و منوی گیاهی خود شناخته می‌شود. این رستوران د

  25. https://daga.place/
    This means you won’t instantly lose everything all in one go. No wonder that each and every bingo site wants a slice of those cool sells. Things with any complexity take several steps during a period of time.

    Now, very all let’s assume that you are playing at legitimate online casinos. If you play at sketchy gambling sites, the chances of winning money drop precipitously. There are hundreds of

  26. super comfy couch
    5 of the Comfiest Couches

    Designed to last, this upholstered couch is a great option for households with kids. comfortable affordable couches and seat depth are high enough to supply sufficient assistance and held their shape during screening.

    This made-to-order couch uses a variety of modifications, consisting of seat depth, size, and upholstery and cushion fill. T

  27. dior188

    พนันสล็อต รับเครดิตฟรีในทันที ได้เปลี่ยนเป็นต้นแบบการเดิมพันออนไลน์ยอดนิยมสูงที่สุดต้นแบบหนึ่ง โดยมีผู้คนนับล้านทั้งโลกไปสู่เว็บสล็ ่ละวัน เครื่องเสมอเหมือนกลุ่มนี้มอบประสบการณ์ที่น่าเร้าใจและก็น่าติดตาม ช่วยทำให้ผู้เล่นสามารถเอารางวัลใหญ่ได้แค่เพียงคลิกปุ่ม แต่ว่าแบบการเดิมพันอันเป็นสุดที่รักนี้เกิดขึ้นได้เช่นไร ในเนื้อหานี้ เครดิตฟรีสล็อต พ

  28. wood burning stove for garage
    Fireplaces Wood Burning Stoves

    Wood stoves have an elegant modern style that matches the wide range of home designs. They’re a great source of heat that radiates warmth throughout the entire room.

    Modern wood burning stoves are EPA certified with high efficiency in heating and

  29. ratu311
    di pada dunia judi kasino ada beberapa mesin slots online yang dapat kamu permainkan secara mudah. permainan ini lumayanlah menarik perhatian kelompok beberapa bettor dengan kehebohan serta keuntungan yang dijajakan didalamnya. tidak terheran-heran kalau saat ini bermunculan suatu kasino online yang mendatangkan mesin permainan slots berbasiskan online. keluasaan main slots lewat cara online waktu ini pasti memberikan banyak keuntungan yang prospekt

  30. https://queengrown.com/
    dalam menyeleksi satu diantaranya alternatif blog judi slots online, banyak pemain disarankan buat dapat cari dan memutuskan salah satunya opsi terhebat. namun demikian kemungkinan banyak yang mengetahui kayak apakah tanda-tanda dari situs terbaik itu. ada beberapa tanda-tanda dan syarat-syarat sesungguhnya yang dapat anda coba tekuni dan kenali buat dapat mendapati satu diantaranya opsi terpercaya dan terbaik yang anda mencari samp

  31. ونکوور
    ونکوور به عنوان یکی از شهرهای متنوع و چندفرهنگی کانادا، یک مقصد عالی برای علاقه‌مندان به تجربه‌های غذایی است. این شهر به دلیل تنوع قومیتی و دسترسی به مواد اولیه تازه از دریا و زمین، رستوران‌های متعددی با سبک‌ها و طعم‌های مختلف ارائه می‌دهد. در اینجا به معرفی برخی از بهترین رستوران‌های ونکوور می‌پردازیم:

    Garden Cafe: رستورانی دنج و زیبا در منطقه یال تاون که به دلیل غذاهای دریایی تازه و منو

  32. used wood burning stoves for sale
    Types of Wood Burners Near Me

    Wood burning stoves are a cost-effective alternative to expensive electric and fossil fuel heating. They also reduce dependence upon imported wood, which is a major source of carbon.

    In communities where wood smoke is prevalent, studies

  33. super168

    สูตรบาคาร่า รับโบนัสต้อนรับ แล้วก็เริ่มวางเดิมพันที่ชนะรางวัลได้แล้ว บาคาร่าหรือที่รู้จักกันในชื่อ Punto Banco เป็นเยี่ยมในเกมคาสิโนที่ดั้งเดิมรวมทั้งเป็นที่นิยมเยอะที่สุดในโลก บาคาร่ามีต้นกำเนิดมาจากอิตาลีในศตวรรษที่ 15 แล้วก็แพร่ขยายไปทั่วยุโรปอย่างเร็ว เปลี่ยนเป็ ์สกุลและก็นักเล่นการพนันขั้นสูง ตอนนี้ บาคาร่ายังคงยั่วยวนใจผู้เล่น เว็บบาคาร่าที่เป็นที่รู้จัก ด้วยต้นแบบการเล่นที่เรียบง่ายแม้กระนั้นตื่นเต้น บาคาร่าซึ่งเคยเล่นในคาสิ

  34. ونکوور
    به عنوان یکی از شهرهای متنوع و چندفرهنگی کانادا، یک مقصد عالی برای علاقه‌مندان به تجربه‌های غذایی است. این شهر به دلیل تنوع قومیتی و دسترسی به مواد اولیه تازه از دریا و زمین، رستوران‌های متعددی با سبک‌ها و طعم‌های مختلف ارائه می‌دهد. در اینجا به معرفی برخی از بهترین رستوران‌های ونکوور می‌پردازیم:

    Garden Cafe: رستورانی دنج و زیبا در منطقه یال تاون که به دلیل غذاهای دریایی تازه و منوی گیاهی خود شناخته می‌شود. این رستوران در سال‌های ا

  35. führerschein zum kaufen
    Is a Driving License Legal Without Test?

    You will need to pass two tests to obtain your driver’s license One written test and one driving test. The written test is based on the safety information and traffic laws in the Driver’s Manual.

  36. self cleaning vacuum
    Robot Vacuum Cleaner on Sale

    A robot vacuum cleaner is the perfect option to set it and forget it for a tidy home. They’re ideal for removing pet hair, crumbs and dirt from hard floors like tiles or wood and carpets with low pile.

    The latest models will come with navigation systems that were

  37. https://daga.place/
    Exercise routines, meal introduced using a Atari system and was called Pong. You should move down to more affordable level or head without spending a dime poker games.

    The idea of this game is for you to become the only child having a remaining tail. Tails are lost and children are eliminated when their tail is spent. All the children run around, stepping on one anothers tails, while avoiding having

  38. used wood stoves for sale
    5kW Wood Burning Stove

    This wood-burning stove with 5kW will meet your needs, whether you are seeking a cost-effective heating option or eco-friendly. It boasts 80percent efficiency and lowers emissions to meet modern environmental standards.

    This DEFRA approved and Eco Design exempt stove

  39. comfy couches for small spaces
    How to Make Your Sofa Look Elegant

    Sofas are a staple in many living rooms, and they can have a substantial effect on the overall appearance of your area. From vibrant patterned styles to relaxing velour, there are a lot of ways to make your sofa look elegant.

    Whether you like to

  40. Learn More from Gary Pryor
    In today’s rapidly evolving business landscape, the convergence of foodservice and fintech presents an intriguing opportunity for entrepreneurs and investors alike. Mergers and acquisitions play a pivotal role in navigating this dynamic terrain, enabling companies to leverage strategic synergies that can drive growth and innovation. From investment banking gian

  41. resources
    How to Get a New Driver’s License

    You simply finished your online protective driving course and are ready to get behind the wheel once again. But a metaphorical roadblock is standing in your way: You lost or had your license taken!

    You can change a basic New York State driver’s license or ID card online or by mail. You can not upgrade to a REAL ID doc

  42. https://sahabatratu.com/
    microgaming yaitu satu diantara provider slots online yang bermutu di dunia. provider ini punya sangat banyak kelebihan yang dapat dipercaya banyak petaruhnya. dengan beberapa games slots yang berada pada microgaming, betaruh begitu gampang dalam memperoleh keuntungan. apa permainan bikinan microgaming yang beri keuntungan itu? ini ia sejumlah opsinya.

    book of king arthur

    book of king arthur in

  43. automatic vacuum
    Robotic Hoovers

    Ideally robot vacuums should be used in conjunction with your hand-driven vacuum cleaner and be used for daily or weekly touch-ups. Many homeowners report that their floors are more comfortable and appear better after regular use.

    Check for features that map, which allo

  44. How to Travel Comfortably on Long Flights
    Harnessing the Power of Machine Learning in Everyday Life

    Introduction

    In today’s, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the way we function. Its integration into everyday life has expanded across a multitude of domains, making it a valuable tool for upgrading efficiency. This article delves into the important influenc

  45. https://daga.place/
    The best of Vegas games are simply found in Vegas itself by right here. Craps is the next most popular but and not a very smart bet typically. Does everyone love to flock to your home for game night?

    Chess, a two-player board game, originated thousands of years ago in China. Each of the player’s 16 pieces can only move in particular ways. The main chess in order to forcibly capture the opponent’s kin

  48. Just wish to say your article is as astonishing.

    The clearness for your put up is simply cool and i could assume you’re knowledgeable in this subject.

    Fine with your permission let me to grasp your RSS feed to
    stay up to date with approaching post. Thanks 1,000,000 and please keep up the rewarding work.

    Feel free to visit my web blog … imp source

  49. ratu 311
    satu diantara mimpi paling buruk betaruh merupakan mendaftarkan ke situs slots online penipu. mendaftarkan ke suatu situs slots online penipu itu bakal betul – betul menimbulkan kerugian banyak petaruhnya. oleh maka itu, betaruh harus mengetahui benar terkait tanda-tanda – tanda-tanda dari sebuah situs slots online penipu. berikut di bawah ini merupakan jejeran ciri-ciri inti dari situs slots online penipu.

    permainan sedikit

  50. Thể thao hitclub
    Đặc biệt, Hitclub còn tích hợp công nghệ livestream để cung cấp những trận đấu thể thao, trò chơi casino hay eSports trực tiếp, giúp người chơi theo dõi các sự kiện và tham gia cá cược ngay lập tức. Trải nghiệm mượt mà và không gián đoạn này khiến người chơi cảm thấy như đang tham gia vào một sự kiện thực tế.

    Hãy luôn nhớ rằng cá cược không phải là một cách kiếm tiền dễ dàng, vì vậy việc đặt ra giới hạn cho bản thân sẽ g

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *