1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
카지노검증
카지노검증
카지노검증
카지노검증
Friend, this web site might be fabolous, i just like it. 안전놀이터
I wanted to thank you for this excellent read!! I definitely loved every little bit of it. I have you bookmarked your site to check out the new stuff you post. 안전놀이터
I definitely enjoying every little bit of it. It is a great website and nice share. I want to thank you. Good job! You guys do a great blog, and have some great contents. Keep up the good work. 안전놀이터
thankyou the information is very helpful. Rental Mobil Belitung
thankyou the information is very helpful. kaos olahraga guru
the information is very helpful. travel umroh jakarta
I have read it, but the information is still less than mine, i am wanting to learn more
카지노사이트링크
<
I am incapable of reading articles online very often, but I’m happy I did today. It is very well written, and your points are well-expressed. I request you warmly, please, don’t ever stop writing.
토토
there are many bargain priced home-for-sale in our city, i was considering buying one. 파라오 카지노
Very efficiently written information. It will be beneficial to anybody who utilizes it, including me. Keep up the good work. For sure i will check out more posts. This site seems to get a good amount of visitors. 시원한술
Wow, excellent post. I’d like to draft like this too – taking time and real hard work to make a great article. This post has encouraged me to write some posts that I am going to write soon. 안전놀이터
I went over this internet site and I believe you have a lot of fantastic information, saved to favorites (:. BMW iPhone case
Great
https://www.rubbyescorts.com/
This is a very interesting piece of content! I thoroughly enjoyed reading your points and have concluded that you are correct on many of them. You’re fantastic.
Prefilled Syringes Market Size
Thank you for another fantastic post. Where else could anyone get that kind of information written in such an ideal manner? My search, in my opinion, has come to an end.
Prefilled Syringes Market Opportunities
Yes i am totally agreed with this article and i just want say that this article is very nice and very informative article.I will make sure to be reading your blog more. You made a good point but I can’t help but wonder, what about the other side? !!!!!!THANKS!!!!!! 토토사이트
A great content material as well as great layout. Your website deserves all of the positive feedback it’s been getting. I will be back soon for further quality contents. 안전놀이터
The online casino world is extremely competitive and it constantly stands out with its focus on growth and innovation. If you want to surpass other competitors, you need to push the limits and come up with a great range of innovative, powerful solutions that empower and impress your audience. Which is where Smartico’s Gamification comes into play, with a stellar gamification platform.
powerful solutions that empower and impress your audience. Which is where Smartico’s Gamification comes into play, with a stellar gamification platform.
Send & share large files easily
Transfer- exchange and deliver big files.
Fast and free app to make it easy to send big files.
Simplify file transfer tasks, save time, and improve communications.
Secure transfer platform with Zero trust network security.
Encrypted Cloud storage at High-Level Data Encryption.
Hybrid cloud at maxi speed.
Cloud file sync to keep files up to date across all devices.
Performance and availability with Load Balancing system and ultra-fast static and dynamic CDN over the global network.
Transfer4all’s data is safe, CCPA and GPDR aligned.
Content is very by incorporating originality
virtex wa
I was excited to uncover this website. I want to to thank you for ones time for this particularly fantastic read!! I definitely appreciated every part of it and I have you book-marked to see new information on your site Feel free to visit my website; 온라인카지노
Thanks for the auspicious writeup. It in truth was a leisure account it. Look complex to more added agreeable from you! By the way, how could we keep up a correspondence? คาสิโนUFABETดีที่สุดขั้นต่ำ10บาท
I learned a lot in this blog, thank you very much for sharing this blog Useful information. Lucky me I found your web site by chance, I bookmarked it. Feel free to visit my website; 온라인카지노사이트
I’ve seen articles on these topics a few times, but I think your writing is the cleanest I’ve ever seen. I would like to refer to your article on my blog and write it. Feel free to visit my website; 카지노사이트
This is a very good tip particularly to those fresh to the blogosphere. Brief but very accurate information… Appreciate your sharing this one. A must read post. Feel free to visit my website; 바카라
Thanks for sharing this information; when I saw the pictures, I thought we need to improve a lot in the technology of railway when compared to France.
https://www.qmpglobal.com/digital/digital-marketing-agency/#social
Within this webpage, you’ll see the page, you need to understand this data. 토토커뮤니티
Great job,Your blog helps people like me to enrich my knowledge .Thanks for sharing the information. I recommended everyone to read this blog.
The post is written in very a good manner and it contains many useful information for me. 메이저사이트
Hey There. I found your blog using msn. This is an extremely well written article. I’ll be sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful info. Thanks for the post. I’ll definitely comeback. ข่าวกีฬา
I am really inspired with your writing talent well with the layout to your weblog. Is this a paid topic or did you modify it your self? Anyway stay up the excellent high quality writing, it’s rare to peer a great blog like this one nowadays. เว็บข่าวกีฬา
I see that you are using WordPress on your blog, wordpress is the best.*:~-” ข่าวกีฬา
Conveyancing Solicitors… […]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[…]… ข่าวฟุตบอลต่างประเทศ
The when I just read a weblog, Hopefully that this doesnt disappoint me as much as this. Come on, man, It was my method to read, but I personally thought youd have something interesting to say. All I hear is usually a few whining about something that you could fix when you werent too busy seeking attention. คาสิโนUFABETดีที่สุดขั้นต่ำ10บาท
Visit ij.start.cannon and find out the best way to download Canon printer drivers. Canon printers are ideal for every situation wherever you need a document, paper, or photo print or even if you wish to scan, fax, and do more
The Latest & Updated Sbobet Alternative Link at the Trusted Official Agent 389Sports
It is very necessary in terms of carrying out the registration process using the link alternatif sbobet where the main sbobet site is exposed to positive internet or newsletters. You can find various kinds of link alternatif sbobet on the official 389Sports soccer gambling site.
As the best and most trusted 389Sports sbobet agent, we also provide 24-hour non-stop Customer Service, you can ask for link alternatif sbobet at any time to our CS 389Sports. Surely all members who play online soccer games on the official sbobet site register on our site because we have become the best and most trusted sbobet agent who always provides convenience and benefits for members who join this 389Sports link alternatif sbobet. Come on, register and play now and make profits of up to hundreds of millions of rupiah every time you play using the link alternatif sbobet.
Canon inkjet printers are widely used all over the globe. It’s the combination of ink, print text, images, and graphics print output. These models are easy to use and offer outstanding creative printing solutions Canon.come/ijsetup.
I appreciate several from the Information which has been composed, and especially the remarks posted I will visit once more. fildena 100
ij.start.canon is the manufacturer’s site to download Canon printer drivers.
ij.start canon is a platform for getting the canon printer driver . You can easily download the driver according to your model
Canon IJ Network Tool is a toolkit software with the options to keep a check on most of your Canon printer network settings and adjust them according to your requirements.
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. 메이저 토토사이트
Cool stuff you have got and you keep update all of us. mega game
I was reading some of your content on this website and I conceive this internet site is really informative ! Keep on putting up. wparcie dla ukrainy
On that website page, you’ll see your description, why not read through this. 토토커뮤니티