1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Previously you must have highly effective web business strategies get you started of getting into topics suitable for their web-based organization. educational selling credit card processing
If you are looking for more information about flat rate locksmith Las Vegas check that right away. แทงบอล 10 บาท
You have noted very interesting points ! ps nice internet site . pg apollo
Wow! Such an amazing and helpful post this is. I really really love it. It’s so good and so awesome. I am just amazed. I hope that you continue to do your work like this in the future also https://livelyhomes.in/best-washing-machine
Hello, Neat post. There is a problem with your site in internet explorer, might check this… IE still is the market chief and a big component of folks will omit your fantastic writing due to this problem. https://babyandmecare.shop/
too much vitamin-a can also cause osteoporosis but aging is the number cause of it,, https://babyandmecare.shop/
Please let me know if you’re looking for a author for your site. You have some really good posts and I believe I would be a good asset. If you ever want to take some of the load off, I’d really like to write some content for your blog in exchange for a link back to mine. Please blast me an e-mail if interested. Regards! bandar togel online
I’m glad I found this web site, I couldn’t find any knowledge on this matter prior to.Also operate a site and if you are ever interested in doing some visitor writing for me if possible feel free to let me know, im always look for people to check out my web site. แทงบอลขั้นต่ำ 10 บาท
I was looking it for so long , and i found it finally that i know it will help me .
카지노
Thanks for posting this info. I just want to let you know that I just check out your site and I find it very interesting and informative. I can’t wait to read lots of your posts. แทงบอลขั้นต่ำ 10 บาท
Taking care to the environment is like taking care of your self too.
바카라사이트
say that this post really forced me
https://maxgana.in/cat/new-bollywood-movie-2022-mp3-songs/1.html
Spot up with this write-up, I must say i believe this web site wants a lot more consideration. I’ll probably be once more to read much more, thank you for that information. 情趣用品
I just like the valuable info you supply in your articles. I’ll bookmark your blog and take a look at again here regularly. I am slightly certain I’ll be told plenty of new stuff right right here! Good luck for the following! Green Card Orlando
Yüksek Lisans Tez Yazdırma ve Hazırlama Merkezi Açıldı!
Yüksek lisans
önlisans
bitirme
ödev
tez hazırlama
tez düzenleme
tez yazdırma
tüm konularda parayla tez yazdırma
yardımı al.
you got a very excellent website, Sword lily I found it through yahoo. Carwash
For most purposes, the Geographic South Pole is defined as the southern point of the two points where Earth’s axis of rotation intersects its surface (the other being the Geographic North Pole). However, Earth’s axis of rotation is actually subject to very small “wobbles” (polar motion), so this definition is not adequate for very precise work.카지노 알본사
Hello There. I found your blog using msn. This is an extremely well written article. I will be sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful information. Thanks for the post. I’ll certainly comeback. คาสิโนออนไลน์ UFABET
Amazing, this is great as you want to learn more, I invite to This is my page. become a credit card processor
Ne kadar çok takipçi, ne kadar çok beğeni varsa daha fazla insana ulaşmak ve daha fazla takipçi kazanabilmekte yine o kadar önemli olacaktır. Tiktok izlenme satın aldığınızda paylaştığınız bir videonun daha fazla insana ulaşmasını da sağlamış olursunuz. Kısacası bu platformun amacı daha fazla kullanıcı sayısına erişmek ve bunun içinde paylaşılan her video içeriğini önemsemek ve değer vermektir. Tiktok insanların kendilerini daha rahat hissettiği ve bunun içinde çeşitli videolar paylaştığı en önemli uygulama arasında gösteriliyor. Sizde bu platformlar üzerinde büyümek ve önemli biri olmak istiyorsanız yapmanız gereken şey önce takipçi satın alarak işe başlamak olacaktır.
Kaynak : https://www.fenomenpaket.com/
Wow, cool post. I’d like to write like this too – taking time and real hard work to make a great article… but I put things off too much and never seem to get started. Thanks though. รวมคาสิโน
is it me or does she look like a white version of Khloe Kardashian??hmmm kawasaki 11013 air filter
I’d ought to consult with you here. Which is not some thing I usually do! I enjoy reading a post that could get people to think. Also, thank you permitting me to comment! ls oil pan gasket
You created some decent points there. I looked on the net with the issue and located most people is going in addition to together with your website. ls oil pan gasket
I see something genuinely interesting about your web site so I saved to my bookmarks . cummins isx oil cooler
I was reading some of your content on this website and I conceive this internet site is really informative ! Keep on putting up. Cat5e cables
it’s good article ข่าวกีฬาวันนี้
Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting? I’m pleased I discovered it though, ill be checking back soon to find out what additional posts you include. executive search firm
I am very much pleased with the contents you have mentioned. I wanted to thank you for this great article. Ceramic coating
I admire what you have done here. I like the part where you say you are doing this to give back but I would assume by all the comments that this is working for you as well. Car detailing
Thanks for posting this info. I just want to let you know that I just check out your site and I find it very interesting and informative. I can’t wait to read lots of your posts. how to be a payment service provider
I exactly got what you mean, thanks for posting. And, I am too much happy to find this website on the world of Google. รวมคาสิโน
Your blog provided us with valuable information to work with. Each & every tips of your post are awesome. Thanks a lot for sharing. Keep blogging, how to be a credit card agent
Your website is really cool and this is a great inspiring article. Thank you so much. credit card agent commission
Your website is really cool and this is a great inspiring article. how to be a payment processor
Great things you’ve always shared with us. Just keep writing this kind of posts.The time which was wasted in traveling for tuition now it can be used for studies.Thanks cakeycn.com
Ones own favorite songs is without a doubt astonishing. You have got various highly athletic animators. As i intend one the ideal in achieving success. Calgary roofing contractors
Hi there! Nice stuff, do keep me posted when you post again something like this! แทงบอล 10 บาท
Hi there! Nice stuff, do keep me posted when you post again something like this! แทงบอล 10 บาท
You should mainly superior together with well-performing material, which means that see it: sell pictures
Hi there! Nice post! Please tell us when I will see a follow up! เดิมพันบอล 10 บาท
This is highly informatics, crisp and clear. I think that everything has been described in systematic manner so that reader could get maximum information and learn many things. 온라인홀덤
I saw two other comparable posts although yours was the most beneficial so a lot
สล็อตออนไลน์
https://pg888th.bet/
I admit, I have not been on this web page in a long time… however it was another joy to see It is such an important topic and ignored by so many, even professionals. I thank you to help making people more aware of possible issues. payment gateway partner
Thanks for this article very helpful. thanks. payment gateway aggregator
Your blog provided us with valuable information to work with. Each & every tips of your post are awesome. Thanks a lot for sharing. Keep blogging, payment gateway partner
Bir internet sitesi sahibiyseniz ya da sahibi olmayı düşünüyorsanız dikkat etmeniz gereken birçok nokta vardır. Sunucular hakkında detaylı bilgiye sahip olmayan kişilerin bir sunucu almak ya da kiralamadan önce mutlaka profesyonel yardıma başvurmaları gerekir. Aksi takdirde yapmak istedikleri proje ile oluşturdukları sistem arasında bağlantı kurulması zor olacaktır. İşinizin internet üzerinden hizmet olduğunu düşündüğümüzde ise memnuniyet size daha fazla kullanıcı olarak geri dönecektir. Linux hosting bu önemli konu düşünülerek oluşturulmuş ve yoğun trafik olması durumunda da aynı performansa sahip olarak hareket eder.
Site : https://www.hostixo.com/
I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoying every little bit of it I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you post. เว็บรวมคาสิโน
Thank you very much for this useful article. I like it. payment gateway aggregator