1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. Mersin haber
The following definitely seems to be positively terrific. Such very little fact is released by using lot from certificates know-how. I just gain doing so a good price. https://firstclassoutboards.com/
Thank you for taking the time to publish this information very useful! Become a Merchant ISO
A great content material as well as great layout. Your website deserves all of the positive feedback it’s been getting. I will be back soon for further quality contents. https://voyance-telephone-gaia.com
Have you ever considered about adding a little bit more than just your articles? I mean, what you say is fundamental and everything. Nevertheless think about if you added some great pictures or video clips to give your posts more, “pop”! Your content is excellent but with images and clips, this site could certainly be one of the most beneficial in its field. Fantastic blog! tuition centre cleaning singapore
When my partner and i started to be on your own web site while wearing distinct consideration effortlessly some touch submits. Attractive technique for long term, I will be book-marking at this time have got designs attain rises proper upwards. https://firstclassoutboards.com/
I love someone’s submitting. The great to see you truly describe inside terms with all the heart and soul additionally decision with this important make a difference is frequently successfully looked at. https://firstclassoutboards.com/
I think this is an informative post and it is very useful and knowledgeable. therefore, I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article.Thanks.https://www.tpcheap.com/
TOP 10 เกมออนไลน์ใน เว็บคาสิโน ที่น่าเล่น รับประกันทำกำไร แน่นอนในปัจจุบัน เกมสล็อต ถือว่าเป็นสิ่ง ที่ได้รับความนิยม ไปทั่วทุกมุมของโลก แนะนำ ค่ายเกมสล็อต 1 ใน 10 ค่าย เกมสล๊อตยอดฮิต มาแรง 2022 ที่ได้สร้างความแตกต่าง และ กำลังเป็นกระแส อย่างมากในตอนนี้ ด้วยในเกมสล็อต ที่เน้นไปในรูปแบบ สล็อตแฟนตาซีตื่นตาตื่นใจ และ สล็อตแห่งโชคลาภความมั่งคลั่ง ที่มีรูปแบบภาพ ที่มีสีสันสวยงาม ความคมชัด ที่สมจริง และสามารถ เล่นได้ไม่มีเบื่อ กับตัวเกม ที่เลือกได้อย่างจุใจ มากถึง 200 เกม เตรียมพบกับ ความสนุกรูปแบบใหม่ เว็บคาสิโนเปิดใหม่ ที่ไม่ว่าจะอยู่ที่ไหน ก็เล่นได้ ตลอดด 24 ชั่วโมง จะมี เกมอะไรบ้าง มาดูกัน
Your blog is too much amazing. I have found with ease what I was looking. Moreover, the content quality is awesome. Thanks for the nudge! best canadian online casino
I’ve been surfing online more than 5 hours today, yet I never found any interesting article like yours without a doubt. It’s pretty worth enough for me. Thanks… best canadian online casino
I have read your article, it is very informative and helpful for me.I admire the valuable information you offer in your articles. Thanks for posting it.. Become a Credit Card Processor
The following time I read a weblog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as much as this one. I mean, I know it was my option to learn, but I really thought youd have something fascinating to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about one thing that you might fix in the event you werent too busy looking for attention. https://www.5g999.co/baccarat
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing websites that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. It is the old what goes around comes around routine. How to Be Payment Processor
Thank you very much for the sharing! COOL.. How to be a Credit Card Processor
We have sell some products of different custom boxes.it is very useful and very low price please visits this site thanks and please share this post with your friends. best canadian online casino
This is a great inspiring article.I am pretty much pleased with your good work.You put really very helpful information. Keep it up. Keep blogging. Looking to reading your next post. How to Be Payment Processor
lipoescultura antes e depois
We are a traditional plastic surgery clinic in São Paulo.Ready to meet your wishes, we want to help you improve your health, your
physical well-being and your psychological well-being.
The procedures are performed with quality and safety byplastic surgery specialists, full members of the Brazilian Society of Plastic
Surgery. Our role is to make sure you feel safe and satisfied.
A very awesome blog post. We are really grateful for your blog post. You will find a lot of approaches after visiting your post. best canadian online casino
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. Become a Credit Card Processor
I’d prefer someone’s area. It happens to be superior to monitor all people verbalize in the heart and soul combined with readability within this theme important spot tend to be quickly diagnosed. ufabet
What a fantabulous post this has been. Never seen this kind of useful post. I am grateful to you and expect more number of posts like these. Thank you very much. https://businessupside.com/2021/03/26/mark-zuckerberg-life-education-net-worth-and-more/
Good post.If you are a student and you don’t know graphic design. then you can check our article about language processor software 2022
,This language presents a layer of reflection by characterizing mental aides. Mental aides are English-like words or images used to signify a long line of 0s and 1s.
I would like to say that this blog really convinced me to do it! Thanks, very good post. how to start a credit card payment processing company
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing websites that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. It is the old what goes around comes around routine. how to start a credit card processing business
Thank you very much for the sharing! COOL.. start a credit card processing business
Hello, I have browsed most of your posts. This post is probably where I got the most useful information for my research. Thanks for posting, maybe we can see more on this. Are you aware of any other websites on this subject. start a credit card processing business
You ought to join in a contest for starters of the highest quality blogs online. I will recommend this page! bonusy kasynowe
Together with the webpage you will see indistinguishable text messaging, yield what you consider. Munchkin Kitten For Sale
I like this post,And I guess that they having fun to read this post,they shall take a good site to make a information,thanks for sharing it to me. How to Set Up a Payment Processing Company
Just found your site and am loving it so far, keep up the good work. best vape shop
It is a great website.. The Design looks very good.. Keep working like that!. Bidvaluable auctioneers & valuers
I like this post,And I guess that they having fun to read this post,they shall take a good site to make a information,thanks for sharing it to me. Fertility Reading
I love this blog!! The flash up the top is awesome!! pregnancy tarot card reading
I would like to say that this blog really convinced me to do it! Thanks, very good post. Fertility Reading
Awesome article! I want people to know just how good this information is in your article. It’s interesting, compelling content. Your views are much like my own concerning this subject. facebook ceo
And so a Middlesbrough goal duly arrived, พนันออนไลน์เว็บตรง although in controversial fashion. As they attacked, the ball hit the hand of Duncan Watmore before he crossed for Matt Crooks to fire in from close range.
Great work✅ This is the type of information that should be shared around the web. I also have some information related to on my website 토토사이트
You know your projects stand out of the herd. There is something special about them. It seems to me all of them are really brilliant! pregnancy tarot card reading
Only a few blogger would discuss this topic the way you do.*:.~; casino online pl
Risk to determine the typically the website page might be critical towards my opinion, Their are given you to definitely evaluate who topic. where to buy cocaine
Great post I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this interesting and knowledgeable article. Fertility Education
Thanks for sharing with us such a mind-blowing post. I will be happy if you checked my website and added feedback with a mention to the resource
http://uniqueboynames.com/
in my view, your review will help you to get an insight about new content for newborn Baby
hi was just seeing if you minded a comment. i like your website and the thme you picked is super. I will be back. https://schmerzmittel-shop.com/product/prozac-fluoxetin/
Excellent. Thanks sharing. I enjoyed your article quite a lot while reading. Many thanks for sharing. gry zdrapki online
فروشگاه لوازم کوهنوردی طوفان
https://toofan24.com/
I really impressed after read this because of some quality work and informative thoughts . I just wanna say thanks for the writer and wish you all the best for coming!. https://iledzisiaj.pl/component/content/article/63-rozne/14071-fame-mma-2022–zaklady-bukmacherskie.html
I recently came across your blog and have been reading along. I thought I would leave my first comment. I don’t know what to say except that I have enjoyed reading. Nice blog. I will keep visiting this blog very often. best online casino
Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting?I have read a few of the articles on your website now, and I really like your style. Thanks a million and please keep up the effective work. bingo online canada
Great post! thanks for sharing! https://bit.ly/3usPoPW