by

Railway Industry in France

TGV 1

1. Industry Overview:

In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train.  SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.

>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en

Types of Train in France:

01-TGV

02-Lunea

03-Teoz

04-TER

06-Intercites

Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:

– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed

– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel

– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed

– Low marginal cost and high production cost

– Product can be sold in advance

– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.

However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.

– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)

– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats

———

 2. Space

Railway industry defines space implicitly.

Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.

 Economy Class:
01-Class2
 Comfort Class:

01-Class 1

Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.

01-TGV Bar

For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.

Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.

I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.

——

3. Time

Railway industry defines time implicitly.

Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.

However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively.  Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.

>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html

The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated.  Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.

——–

4. Price

Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.

Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.

Price at 1 week before departure
01-Price-1st class-10AM-1wk

Price at 2 weeks before departure

01-Price-1st class-10AM-2wk

Price at 3 weeks before departure

01-Price-1st class-10AM-3wk

Price at 4 weeks before departure

01-Price-1st class-10AM-4wk

Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.

The physical rate fences are the classes:
01-Booking-Class

 

The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty

01-Booking-Rate Fences-1

01-Booking-Rate Fences-2

01-Booking-Rate Fences-3

01-Booking-Rate Fences-4

As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.

 

(-Thao Ly)

——–

References:

http://www.raileurope.com

http://www.tgv-europe.com

http://www.sncf.co.uk/

Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods

Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry

 

206,024 thoughts on “Railway Industry in France”

  1. This kind of publish appears to get yourself a lot of visitors. How will you acquire traffic to that? It provides a great unique twist upon issues. I guess having something traditional or perhaps substantial to give info on is the central aspect. api288 slot

  5. As i used to be a college student in class a few, the mum thought i usually actually need to critique The english language previously, and so your lover very well then, i’ll overview from the class connected with educator Ye connected with New Setting up related with Beijing. With all the lady category When i began to review the innovative Principle The english language also to handled this sentence construction intended for once. Educator Ye we will course of action this by mouth The english language, jamming additionally to publishing. Bj88

  7. 시간을내어이 문제에 대해 토론 해 주셔서 감사합니다.이 주제에 대해 더 많이 배우고 싶습니다. 가능하다면 전문 지식을 얻으면 추가 정보로 블로그를 업데이트 해 주시겠습니까? 저에게 매우 도움이됩니다. 토토사이트

  10. 나는 당신이 이것에 배치 한 각각의 공연을 즐깁니다. 정말 유용한 곳이 될 거라고 확신합니다. 나는 또한 기뻤다. 잘 했어! 지니카지노

  11. 이러한 유형의 콘텐츠를 더 많은 저자가 연구하고 글을 잘 쓰는 데 시간이 걸리 길 바랍니다. 저는 당신의 비전과 통찰력에 깊은 인상을 받았습니다. 올인구조대

  13. Hello, i read your blog from time to time and i own a similar one and
    i was just curious if you get a lot of spam feedback?
    If so how do you protect against it, any
    plugin or anything you can recommend? I get so much
    lately it’s driving me crazy so any help is very much appreciated.

    Here is my page :: 11HILO

  16. 방문자에게 제공하는 최고 품질의 정보를 정말로 즐겼다 ​​고 말하기 전에 웹 사이트를 떠날 수 없었습니까? 새로운 게시물을 확인하기 위해 자주 다시 올 것입니다. 히츠벳 도메인 주소

  17. I am impressed. I don’t think Ive met anyone who knows as much about this subject as you do. You are truly well informed and very intelligent. You wrote something that people could understand and made the subject intriguing for everyone. Really, great blog you have got here. situs togel

  20. Teen patti master old version refer to earlier iterations of the popular card game, which may lack some of the newer features but retain the classic gameplay. Players who enjoyed these versions often appreciated their simplicity and familiar mechanics. If you’re looking for specific features or gameplay from older versions, it might be helpful to check forums or fan sites that discuss the game’s history and updates!

  23. I used to be recommended this website by way of my cousin.
    I’m not positive whether this publish is written by way of him as no
    one else recognize such specified about my difficulty.
    You are wonderful! Thanks!

    my blog post … coffee Related gifts

  24. Great job for publishing such a beneficial web site. Your web log isn’t only useful but it is additionally really creative too. There tend to be not many people who can certainly write not so simple posts that artistically. Continue the nice writing torzon market

  25. This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value. Im glad to have found this post as its such an interesting one! I am always on the lookout for quality posts and articles so i suppose im lucky to have found this! I hope you will be adding more in the future… torzon market

  26. This is a service that allows you to quickly secure cash if you have a credit card. You can apply for cash if you have a credit card in your name without having to go through a complicated loan screening process. 카드결제 현금화

  28. I simply could not leave your web site before suggesting that I extremely loved the usual info a
    person supply for your guests? Is going to be back steadily to
    inspect new posts

    my web blog … Anal

  32. Yes i am totally agreed with this article and i just want say that this article is very nice and very informative article.I will make sure to be reading your blog more. You made a good point but I can’t help but wonder, what about the other side? !!!!!!Thanks Look At This

  33. Buy Codeine – 15mg
    Buy Codeine – 300/30mg
    Buy Codeine – 30mg
    Buy Codeine – 60mg
    Buy Dilaudid – 2mg
    Buy Dilaudid – 4mg
    Buy Dilaudid – 8mg
    Buy Gabapentin – 100mg
    Buy Gabapentin – 1200mg
    Buy Gabapentin – 1600mg
    Buy Gabapentin – 300mg
    Buy Gabapentin – 400mg
    Buy Gabapentin – 600mg
    Buy Gabapentin – 800mg
    Buy Hydrocodone – 10/325mg
    Buy Hydrocodone – 10/500 mg
    Buy Hydrocodone – 10/650mg
    Buy Hydrocodone – 10/660mg
    Buy Hydrocodone – 5/325mg
    Buy Lortab – 10/325mg
    Buy Lortab – 5/325mg
    Buy Lortab – 7.5/325mg
    Buy Methadone – 10mg
    Buy Methadone – 5mg
    Buy Norco – 10/325mg
    Buy Norco – 5/325mg
    Buy Norco – 7.5/325mg
    Buy Opana ER – 10mg
    Buy Opana ER – 15mg
    Buy Opana ER – 20mg
    Buy Opana ER – 30mg
    Buy Opana ER – 40mg
    Buy Opana ER – 5mg
    Buy Opana ER – 7.5mg
    Buy Oxycodone – 10mg

    Buy Oxycodone – 15mg
    Buy Oxycodone – 20mg
    Buy Oxycodone – 30mg
    Buy Oxycodone – 40mg
    Buy Oxycodone – 5mg
    Buy Oxycodone – 60mg
    Buy Oxycodone – 80mg
    Buy Oxycontin OC – 10mg
    Buy Oxycontin OC – 20mg
    Buy Oxycontin OC – 30mg
    Buy Oxycontin OC – 30mg
    Buy Oxycontin OC – 40mg
    Buy Oxycontin OC – 5mg
    Buy Oxycontin OC – 60mg
    Buy Oxycontin OC – 80mg
    Buy Oxycontin OP – 10mg
    Buy Oxycontin OP – 15mg
    Buy Oxycontin OP – 20mg
    Buy Oxycontin OP – 20mg
    Buy Oxycontin OP – 30mg
    Buy Oxycontin OP – 40mg
    Buy Oxycontin OP – 80mg
    Buy Oxycontin OP – 80mg
    Buy Percocet – 10/325mg
    Buy Percocet – 5/325mg
    Buy Percocet – 5/325mg
    Buy Percocet – 7.5/325mg
    Buy Percocet – 7.5/500mg
    Buy Roxicodone – 15mg
    Buy Roxicodone – 30mg
    Buy Roxicodone – 5mg
    Buy Soma – 250mg
    Buy Soma – 350mg
    Buy Tramadol – 100mg
    Buy Tramadol – 200mg
    Buy Tramadol – 200mg
    Buy Tramadol – 37.5/325mg
    Buy Tramadol – 50mg
    Buy Vicodin – 5/500mg
    Buy Vicodin – 75/750mg
    Online Oxycontin OP – 60mg
    Buy Adderall – 10mg
    Buy Adderall – 12.5mg
    Buy Adderall – 15mg
    Buy Adderall – 20mg
    Buy Adderall – 30mg
    Buy Adderall – 5mg
    Buy Adderall XR – 10mg
    Buy Adderall XR – 15mg
    Buy Adderall XR – 20mg
    Buy Adderall XR – 30mg
    Buy Adderall XR – 5mg
    Buy Phentermine 30mg
    Buy Provigil – 100mg
    Buy Provigil – 200mg
    Buy Ritalin – 10mg
    Buy Ritalin – 20mg
    Buy Suboxone – 2mg
    Buy Suboxone – 8mg
    Buy Cialis – 20mg
    Buy Cialis – 40mg
    Buy Cialis- 60mg
    Buy Kamagra – 100mg
    Buy Levitra – 10mg
    Buy Levitra – 20mg
    Buy Levitra – 5mg
    Buy Levitra- 40mg
    Buy Levitra- 60mg
    Buy Viagra – 100mg
    Buy Viagra – 150MG
    Buy Viagra – 200MG
    Buy Viagra – 25MG
    Buy Viagra – 50MG
    Buy Ativan – 1mg
    Buy Ativan – 2mg
    Buy Klonopin – 1mg
    Buy Klonopin – 2mg
    Buy Valium – 10mg
    Buy Valium – 5mg
    Buy Xanax – 1mg
    Buy Xanax – 2mg
    Buy Xanax XR – 3mg
    Buy Ambien – 10mg
    Buy Ambien – 5mg
    Buy Lunesta – 1mg
    Buy Lunesta – 2mg
    Buy Lunesta 3mg
    Buy Restoril -15mg

  36. The benefits of playing online games are very large, many people are interested in this game because with very little capital you can get abundant profits. Therefore, if you want to know more information, please visit our website https://heylink.me/GTATOGEL.GO/

  38. Undeniably imagine that that you stated. Your favorite reason seemed to be on the internet the simplest factor to bear in mind of. I say to you, I definitely get irked whilst people consider worries that they just don’t recognise about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top and defined out the whole thing without having side-effects , people can take a signal. Will likely be back to get more. Thanks! Bj88

  39. Literally Document look at the software yesterday evening still I had produced a lot of emotions relating to this now I needed to read the software once as it is relatively well crafted. Nitric Boost Ultra

  40. This is exactly why it is actually better which you can related exploration well before delivering. It will be possible to publish bigger report using this method.

  41. Quality is crucial when building a resume that stands out in today’s competitive job market. Let expert CV services help you craft a job-winning resume that highlights your unique strengths naturally. Boost your chances of landing your dream job with a professionally tailored CV Enhance your resume for top jobs

  42. But yet, regardless how good you will be accompanied by treating a huge rig, sometime currently, there are a situation in places ought to do selected information treating; and furthermore primarily based on your real age yet fitness level, free weight in your caravan it is a fantastically excessive do exercises. pre owned awnings Automatic Gate Repair Companies

  43. Wow! Such an amazing and helpful post this is. I really really love it. It’s so good and so awesome. I am just amazed. I hope that you continue to do your work like this in the future also see here now

  45. Hello – I must say, I’m impressed with your site. I had no trouble navigating through all the tabs and information was very easy to access. I found what I wanted in no time at all. Pretty awesome. Would appreciate it if you add forums or something, it would be a perfect way for your clients to interact. Great job linktree

  46. Great artical, I unfortunately had some problems printing this artcle out, The print formating looks a little screwed over, something you might want to look into. api288 login

  48. Often the Are generally Weight reduction plan is unquestionably an low-priced and flexible weight-reduction plan product modeled on individuals seeking out shed some pounds combined with at some point maintain a far healthier your life. la weight loss Automatic Gate Repair Companies

  50. 훌륭한 읽기, 긍정적 인 사이트,이 게시물에 대한 정보를 어디서 얻었습니까? 지금 귀하의 웹 사이트에서 몇 가지 기사를 읽었으며 귀하의 스타일이 정말 마음에 듭니다. 백만명에게 감사하고 효과적인 작업을 계속하십시오. 미니게임

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *