1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
팁들 주셔서 감사합니다. 그들은 모두 훌륭했습니다. 나는 정신적으로나 육체적으로 뚱뚱해지는 데 문제가 있습니다. 여러분 덕분에 개선을 보여주고 있습니다. 더 게시하십시오. 툰코 바로가기
이것은이 유용한 메시지를 공유하기위한 특별한 요소입니다. 이 블로그에있는 정보에 놀랐습니다. 그것은 여러 관점에서 나를 일으킨다. 이것을 다시 한 번 게시하기 위해 감사의 빚이 있습니다. 토렌트사이트순위
I truly appreciate the depth and breadth of information you provided in your blog post. It’s clear that you have a deep understanding of the subject, and you did an excellent job of conveying complex ideas in a way that was both engaging and easy to understand.
pls visit my website:- Rapid Auto Shipping
Hello, I’m from Gpxslot! 🎰✨ Discover a secure and trustworthy online gaming platform. 🎉💸 Here, no matter how many wins you have, they must be paid for! Never give up trying to achieve success and meaningful dreams. Try it now and see for yourself the unsatisfactory gaming experience! 🚀🏥 #MenangPastiBayar #GpxSlot #GameOnline
Get the latest headlines and breaking stories in today’s news bulletin, covering global and local events. today news bulletin
The most popular online gaming platform in Indonesia is mawarliga, which offers maximum win and withdrawal limits.
Get the latest headlines and breaking stories in today’s news bulletin, covering global and local events. today news bulletin
I’ve read all of your postings, and this one is excellent. and I think he’s really smart and fascinating. I shared your page with my friends, and they were really grateful for the information you provided.
Web : https://www.fitnet.in/
I’ve joined Kodok4d! 🎮✨ Take advantage of the best online gaming experience with a variety of exciting promotions that are hard to pass up! 🏉💰 Play your favorite game with safety and enjoyment on reputable Indonesian platforms. Please don’t hesitate any longer. Register now and experience the joy of playing with us! 💀🔥
Join the community of lottery players and share experiences! Sometimes, the best tricks come from discussions with fellow players. Therefore, if you want to know more information, please visit our website https://winflairquest.com
A simple mehndi design for the front hand is ideal for those who love minimal yet stylish patterns. Featuring delicate elements like flowers, vines, and geometric shapes, this front hand mehndi design focuses on clean lines and elegant details. Perfect for casual occasions or beginners, the simple design enhances the beauty of the front hand while maintaining a traditional yet modern look.
Situs terbaik thailand RP8888
For homeowners planning significant renovations, Renovation Ann Arbor offer the expertise needed to turn ideas into reality. These contractors manage every phase of the remodeling process, from design and planning to execution and final inspection. By partnering with experienced professionals, homeowners can ensure that their projects run smoothly, minimizing disruptions and avoiding costly mistakes. Remodeling contractors in Ann Arbor are known for their ability to deliver high-quality work that improves both the comfort and value of homes.
Entdecke eine süße Vielfalt von Bonbons bis Gummibärchen in unserem Schweizer Online-Shop.
süssigkeiten
Your dedication to delivering high-quality content is evident in every word you write.
magnum 4d หวย มาเล ย์ วัน นี้
Hello I am so delighted I located your blog, I really located you by mistake, while I was watching on google for something else, Anyways I am here now and could just like to say thank for a tremendous post and a all round entertaining website. Please do keep up the great work. iptvuk
The details you supply in your write-ups. Maintain sharing of this type info. I truly value your operate in this article. Below we are examining simply exactly how to the setup hp printer. You can resolve those concerns with the assistance of 슬롯 솔루션
Thank you so much as you have been willing to share information with us. We will forever admire all you have done here because you have made my work as easy as ABC. 카지노커뮤니티
This site has been extremely useful! Thank you for providing this information. If you’re looking for a money-making app, click this link: Free 888 Bonus Here
Step into a world of endless fun—play online games now Lodibet
Well written articles like yours renews my faith in today’s writers. You’ve written information I can finally agree on and use. Thank you for sharing. weed a vendre
From RPGs to strategy, we have the games for every gamer Lodibet
When your website or blog goes live for the first time, it is exciting. That is until you realize no one but you and your. dewabet
All the contents you mentioned in post is too good and can be very useful. I will keep it in mind, thanks for sharing the information keep updating, looking forward for more posts.Thanks bola88
I would like to say that this blog really convinced me to do it! Thanks, very good post. ufa88x
That is the excellent mindset, nonetheless is just not help to make every sence whatsoever preaching about that mather. Virtually any method many thanks in addition to i had endeavor to promote your own article in to delicius nevertheless it is apparently a dilemma using your information sites can you please recheck the idea. thanks once more. tellbostonmarket
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value. Im glad to have found this post as its such an interesting one! I am always on the lookout for quality posts and articles so i suppose im lucky to have found this! I hope you will be adding more in the future… agenolx daftar
Interesting and amazing how your post is! It Is Useful and helpful for me That I like it very much, and I am looking forward to Hearing from your next.. agenolx daftar
This is my first time visit here. From the tons of comments on your articles,I guess I am not only one having all the enjoyment right here! agenolx daftar
Its a great pleasure reading your post.Its full of information I am looking for and I love to post a comment that “The content of your post is awesome” Great work. agenolx daftar
I was searching on the net for some info since yesterday night and I at last found this! This is a great webpage by the way, but it looks a little difficult to read from my android phone. flowmagzine
Interesting topic for a blog. I have been searching the Internet for fun and came upon your website. Fabulous post. Thanks a ton for sharing your knowledge! It is great to see that some people still put in an effort into managing their websites. I’ll be sure to check back again real soon. agenolx slot
Love is not something you can find. https://good88t.com/
Find the best news sources/a>, it’s important to choose those that are known for their credibility, accuracy, and comprehensive reporting. Internationally recognized outlets like BBC News and Reuters.
Thanks for sharing this information with us. 789betting This is a fantastic website.
This is a great post. I like this topic.This site has lots of advantage.I found many interesting things from this site. It helps me in many ways.Thanks for posting this again. agenolx link alternatif
This is very educational content and written well for a change. It’s nice to see that some people still understand how to write a quality post.! agenolx link alternatif
Thank you so much for sharing this great blog.Very inspiring and helpful too.Hope you continue to share more of your ideas.I will definitely love to read. agenolx link alternatif
Within this theme internet page, you’ll see the very best facts, you’ll want to watch over that higher level of aspect. iptv buy
I found your this post while searching for information about blog-related research … It’s a good post .. keep posting and updating information. agenolx link alternatif
Try your luck at RP8888 today and feel the excitement of hitting the jackpot!
Try your luck at RP8888 today and feel the excitement of hitting the jackpot!
grandpashabet grandpashabet giriş
In the competitive world of e-commerce, having a well-optimized website is crucial to ensuring your Shopify store in Bradford stands out from the crowd. At SEOBash, we specialize in providing top-tier SEO for Shopify Bradford, helping businesses like yours enhance online visibility, attract more customers, and increase revenue. Our team of experts combines Search Engine Optimization (SEO) strategies with Social Media Marketing to ensure your business thrives online. In this guide, we’ll explain the importance of SEO for Shopify stores, why it’s necessary in Bradford, and how SEOBash can help.
Why Shopify Stores Need SEO in Bradford
Bradford is a growing town in England with a bustling e-commerce sector. As more businesses migrate to platforms like Shopify, the competition for online visibility intensifies. Simply having a website isn’t enough anymore; you need to ensure your site appears at the top of search engine results when potential customers look for your products.
SEO for Shopify Bradford focuses on optimizing your website to increase its ranking on search engines like Google. Higher rankings mean more traffic, which can translate to higher sales. When you partner with SEOBash, we take a tailored approach to optimize your store for search engines, ensuring your business stays ahead of the competition.
Understanding SEO Bradford: What We Do
SEO, or Search Engine Optimization, is a combination of techniques that improve the visibility of your website. SEOBash offers expert SEO services in Bradford, with a strong emphasis on Shopify stores. Here’s what we do:
1. Keyword Research: We identify relevant keywords such as “SEO for Shopify Bradford” and other terms people are using to find businesses like yours.
2. On-page SEO: We optimize the content, meta descriptions, title tags, and internal links of your Shopify store to ensure it ranks higher in search engines.
3. Off-page SEO: We build backlinks from high-authority websites, enhancing your site’s credibility and helping it rank better.
4. Technical SEO: Ensuring that your website’s structure, speed, and mobile compatibility meet the search engine’s best practices.
The Importance of SEO Company Bradford for Your Business
Choosing the right SEO company in Bradford can make or break your online presence. At SEOBash, we understand the local market dynamics and how search engine optimization can elevate your business. Whether you’re selling physical goods or services on Shopify, optimizing your store is essential for reaching a larger audience.
We are a leading SEO company Bradford, offering services tailored to local businesses. This includes boosting your website’s ranking, improving your digital footprint, and creating strategies to convert visitors into paying customers.
Why Choose SEOBash: Your Trusted Bradford SEO Consultant
As a reputable Bradford SEO consultant, SEOBash has a proven track record of helping businesses succeed online. Our in-depth knowledge of SEO for Shopify Bradford means we can deliver the best results for your store. Whether you’re new to e-commerce or a seasoned business owner, our SEO consultants are here to guide you.
We are not just any Bradford SEO consultants—we pride ourselves on being partners in your business’s success. We listen to your goals and customize our services to meet your needs, using proven SEO techniques that ensure sustainable growth.
The Benefits of SEO Marketing Co for Shopify Stores
When you partner with SEOBash, you’re not just hiring an SEO marketing co—you’re collaborating with experts who understand the importance of digital marketing for Shopify stores in Bradford. Here’s how you benefit:
• Increased Online Visibility: Ranking higher on search engines means your store is more visible to potential customers.
• Higher Conversion Rates: With optimized content and improved user experience, your site will convert more visitors into customers.
• Better ROI: SEO offers a long-term solution that provides consistent results, giving you a better return on your investment.
SEO Agency Bradford: Tailored Solutions for Your Store
At SEOBash, we’re more than just an SEO agency in Bradford—we offer customized SEO solutions designed to meet the unique needs of your Shopify store. We understand that no two businesses are the same, which is why we take a personalized approach to every project.
Our services as a Bradford SEO agency include:
• Content Optimization: We make sure your product descriptions, blog posts, and other content are optimized for both users and search engines.
• Link Building: Earning high-quality backlinks to your site helps increase your domain authority and improve your ranking.
• Technical SEO: We fix technical issues that could be holding your site back, such as slow loading times or poor mobile compatibility.
Achieving Website DA Rating 50+ Bradford
Domain Authority (DA) is a metric that predicts how well a website will rank on search engines. The higher the DA, the better your chances of ranking high. At SEOBash, we specialize in helping websites achieve a Website DA rating of 50+ in Bradford.
A high DA can significantly improve your Shopify store’s visibility. By implementing strategies like building high-quality backlinks and improving site performance, SEOBash ensures that your website’s DA rating increases over time.
Bradford SEO: Driving Traffic and Sales
The goal of Bradford SEO is not just to increase traffic but to drive relevant traffic that converts into sales. At SEOBash, we focus on strategies that align with your business goals. Whether you’re targeting local customers or a global audience, our SEO techniques are designed to deliver real, measurable results.
SEO Services Bradford: Full Suite of Solutions
At SEOBash, we provide comprehensive SEO services Bradford designed to cover all aspects of digital marketing. Whether it’s optimizing your Shopify store for search engines or creating compelling social media campaigns, we’ve got you covered. Our SEO services include:
• Keyword Research & Strategy: Identifying the best keywords to target for your business.
• On-Page SEO: Optimizing content, titles, and descriptions.
• Link Building: Building a network of high-quality backlinks.
• Content Marketing: Creating engaging content that attracts and retains customers.
Conclusion: Partner with SEOBash for SEO Success in Bradford
For businesses in Bradford looking to boost their Shopify stores, SEOBash offers the best SEO for Shopify Bradford solutions. As a leading SEO company Bradford, we are experts in increasing online visibility, driving traffic, and improving conversion rates.
Whether you need help with website DA rating 50+ Bradford or a full suite of SEO services Bradford, SEOBash is your trusted partner. Get in touch with us today and let us help you take your Shopify store to the next level!
By focusing on SEO Bradford, we ensure that your Shopify store thrives in a competitive market.
For more information
Visit: https://seobash.co/seo-company-bradford/
seo for shopify Bradford,seo bradford,seo company bradford,bradford seo consultant,bradford seo consultants,seo marketing co,website da rating 50+ bradford
I found your blog on yahoo and can bookmark it currently. carry on the nice work. seo expert in dubai
Generally Are generally Diet ‘s an very affordable and flexible food regimen product suitable for induced the boycott . endeavouring to fast and as a result subsequently conserve a vibrant lifespan. lose weight Nerd fire 8000 puffs
In the competitive world of e-commerce, having a well-optimized website is crucial to ensuring your Shopify store in Bradford stands out from the crowd. At SEOBash, we specialize in providing top-tier SEO for Shopify in Bradford helping businesses like yours enhance online visibility, attract more customers, and increase revenue. Our team of experts combines Search Engine Optimization (SEO) strategies with Social Media Marketing to ensure your business thrives online. In this guide, we’ll explain the importance of SEO for Shopify stores, why it’s necessary in Bradford, and how SEOBash can help.
https://win79.limo/ là cổng game bài giải trí sáng tạo bậc nhất Việt Nam. Khác với nhiều thương hiệu đang có mặt trên thị trường, sân chơi này có giao diện dạng dọc. Thiết kế độc đáo đã tạo điều kiện tối đa cho bet thủ cá cược, thư giãn ngay trên thiết bị di động.
“This post really brightened Alphabites my day. Thanks for sharing your knowledge!”
Check It Now is a campaign aimed at promoting awareness and accessibility of vital information, particularly in the areas of health, education, and civic rights. The initiative encourages individuals to stay informed about important updates and available resources. https://checkitnow.pk/