1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Thank you pertaining to discussing that superb content material on your web site. I ran into it on the search engines. I am going to check to come back after you publish extra aricles. kakanaga
This blog is so nice to me. I will keep on coming here again and again. Visit my link as well.. Fun Vending
Thanks for sharing this useful information, nice blog. androbolan 400Continue to blog Please visit our website for more information about our Packers and Movers Services if you would like additional information.
이러한 유형의 콘텐츠를 더 많은 저자가 연구하고 글을 잘 쓰는 데 시간이 걸리 길 바랍니다. 저는 당신의 비전과 통찰력에 깊은 인상을 받았습니다. 오피사이트
Nice post. I learn something more challenging on different blogs everyday. It will always be stimulating to read content from other writers and practice a little something from their store. I?d prefer to use some with the content on my blog whether you don?t mind. Natually I?ll give you a link on your web blog. Thanks for sharing https://www.casinositezone.com/
글을 많이 읽었고 정확히 말하고 싶은 것을 정리하는 글쓰기 방식이 매우 좋다는 것을 알게되어 감명을 받았으며 앞으로 다시오고 싶습니다 .. 오피사이트
A ensures precise transfer and dosing of liquids during food and beverage production, maintaining accuracy and hygiene
A liquid handling system ensures precise transfer and dosing of liquids during food and beverage production, maintaining accuracy and hygiene
visit here: https://timesautomation.com/
sapporo88 is a great way to enjoy games of chance, but it’s important to stay aware of the risks involved and always play on secure, reputable sites.
olxtoto adalah salah satu situs taruhan online terkemuka di Indonesia, yang menghadirkan pengalaman bermain permainan slot yang seru dan menarik.
the pride of the community site that always provides the biggest win with any game https://www.yesimguralp.com/
In fact no matter if someone doesn’t understand afterward its up to other
visitors that they will assist, so here it happens.
Stop by my blog … Seductive Seekers
Explore the world that your dreams about anime inspire you to the home of Nekopoi Mod Apk. Nekopoi provides passionate anime lovers with a top platform for deriving, accessing, and enjoying a large array of Japanese animations
https://nekopoiapp.com/
It is appropriate time to make some plans for the future and it’s time to be happy. I have read this post and if I could I desire to suggest you few interesting things or advice. Maybe you could write next articles referring to this article. I desire to read more things about it! 1 lottery
Great post however , I was wanting to know if you could write a litte more on this subject? I’d be very thankful if you could elaborate a little bit further. Bless you! meongtoto
This site is known to experts who are experienced in playing for one reason as a trusted site that pays out winnings to players of up to hundreds of millions of rupiah https://bbfstoto.land/
Thanks for every other excellent post. The place else may just anyone get that kind of info in such an ideal manner of writing? I’ve a presentation subsequent week, and I am at the look for such information. meongtoto
Can I say thats a relief to find a person that truly knows what theyre discussing online. You actually discover how to bring a challenge to light and make it important. The best way to ought to check this out and can see this side of your story. I cant believe youre no more well-known because you absolutely provide the gift. muscle building websites
Newark Airport Allegiant Air Terminal, providing travelers with convenient and affordable options for domestic travel. Newark Airport’s Allegiant Air Terminal is typically located in Terminal B, offering passengers a range of services, including check-in counters, security screening, and boarding gates dedicated to Allegiant flights. The Allegiant Air EWR Terminal is well-connected to various amenities such as dining, shopping, and transportation options, ensuring a smooth experience for passengers. Allegiant Air’s presence at Newark Airport makes it an accessible option for travelers flying to many U.S. destinations.
I’ve had good experiences with sapporo88 as long as I play responsibly and on platforms that have strict verification processes and strong security measures.
We fully appreciate your blog post. You’ll find lots of approaches we could put it to really good use while having no effort in time and capital. Thank you very much regarding helping have the post reply many problems we have had before now. THC vape store
Upptäck våra detaljerade recensioner av de bästarAu
Upptäck våra detaljerade recensioner av de bästawEn
“This was an eye-opening read. I hadn’t considered some of these TONIC GREENS REVIEW points before!”
https://ailifecaredoc.com/
AI LIFECARE is a healthcare startup focused on leveraging artificial intelligence to deliver personalized medical solutions.The app aims to bridge the gap between healthcare needs and service by offering innovative solutions and provide data-driven medical support to improve the quality of life for millions.
invert sugar syrup making machine automates the process of creating invert sugar syrup, a key ingredient in sweets, beverages, and bakery products, ensuring consistency and cost-efficiency.
You there, this is really good post here. Thanks for taking the time to post such valuable information. Quality content is what always gets the visitors coming. vip nails
sapporo88 is fun, but it’s essential to keep it as entertainment and not rely on it for income. Always gamble within your means!
Mytyles offers a wide variety of tiles, including ceramic tiles, which are inexpensive, can be easily cleaned, and come in a number of designs. mytyles – wall and f
MODALHOKI88
Just passed my Tableau Certification! Time to level up my data skills. tableau certification
I think this is among the most significant information for me. And i am glad reading your article. But want to remark on few general things, The web site style is perfect, the articles is really excellent : D. Good job, cheers https://logincsbola.com/
This type of message always inspiring and I prefer to read quality content, so happy to find good place to many here in the post, the writing is just great, thanks for the post. 카지노사이트
This site has several games that often give jackpots to its players. Visit this site to join and enjoy the game to get the luck you want http://174.138.18.197/
“The user interface of Sinpcity is sleek and modern.” sinpcity
Biscuit Making Machine: A robust and reliable machine used in food factories to produce large quantities of biscuits with uniform quality and taste.
This is a excellent blog, would you be involved in doing an interview about just how you designed it? If so e-mail me! meongtoto
Olympus188 Situs Bernuansa Adrenalin Berkapasitas Winrate Tertinggi Dengan Peluang Kemenangan Menggunakan System Provider Yang Pasti Mudah Maxwin.
Daftar : https://marymadeiras.com/
#olympus188 #daftarolympus188 #loginolympus188 #alternatifolympus188
#gateofolympus #zeus #olympus88
나는 그것의 굉장한 것을 말해야한다! 블로그는 정보를 제공하며 항상 놀라운 것을 생산합니다. 토렌트사이트
ANGKASA189 > The Latest Official Online Angkasa 189 Gaming Site Angkasa189 adalah situs gaming online terbaik dan terpercaya di Indonesia, melayani daftar akun angkasa 189 resmi terbaru lewat link alternatif anti nawala!
https://inthebagrc.com/
انفجار تضمینی
ربات انفجار
دانلود تضمینی بازی انفجار
دانلود برنامه هات بت
Welcome, passionate jamuslot players! In a world filled with challenges and strategies, we invite you to experience an unmatched adventure. for more information just visit this website http://206.189.90.22/
dewaslot88 maxwin is the official game site that is much sought after on GOOGLE today
Good blog! I truly love how it is easy on my eyes and the data are well written. I’m wondering how I could be notified when a new post has been made. I’ve subscribed to your RSS feed which must do the trick! Have a great day! Fitex Kapseln kaufen
online games that have lots of prizes and you can get them every day only at dewaslot88 maxwin
Very well written information. It will be valuable to anyone who employess it, including me. Keep doing what you are doing – for sure i will check out more posts. Dua for marriage
Pressure Cooker Manufacturers in India : With a focus on quality and performance, pressure cooker manufacturers in India offer products that streamline cooking processes in the food and beverage sector.
Hi there, I found your website via Google while searching for a related topic, your website came up, it looks great. I have bookmarked it in my google bookmarks. meongtoto
Found this on MSN and I’m happy I did. Well written article. meongtoto