1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I recently found many useful information in your website especially this blog page. Among the lots of comments on your articles. Thanks for sharing. dewa slot
Thanks for posting this info. I just want to let you know that I just check out your site and I find it very interesting and informative. I can’t wait to read lots of your posts. Kassia
Nhà cái I9Bet là một nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến đáng chú ý với hệ thống đổi thưởng tiền thật hấp dẫn, mặc dù mới ra mắt chưa đầy một năm. I9Bet mang đến nhiều trò chơi đa dạng như bắn cá, nổ hũ, xổ số, thể thao, casiino trực tuyến với giao diện đẹp mắt, dễ sử dụng và tính năng hiện đại. Nhà cái hỗ trợ người chơi trên nhiều thiết bị, đảm bảo trải nghiệm mượt mà và không gặp sự cố. I9Bet cũng thu hút người chơi bởi các chương trình khuyến mãi liên tục, như tặng 100% giá trị nạp lần đầu, hoàn trả và nhiều ưu đãi đặc biệt khác.
So excited to try this! Looks like a game-changer
Welcome to the world of football, where dreams and passion meet! In every match, we not only see players running after the ball, but also witness incredible friendship, teamwork and dedication. If you want to know more information, please visit our website https://goal123.tv/
Wow! Such an amazing and helpful post this is. I really really love it. It’s so good and so awesome. I am just amazed. I hope that you continue to do your work like this in the future also surga slot
I found so many interesting stuff in your blog especially its discussion. From the tons of comments on your articles, I guess I am not the only one having all the enjoyment here! keep up the good work… situs slot gacor
Get the best cash for cars with Brizzy Cash For Cars, the top choice for hassle-free vehicle selling. We offer instant cash for scrap cars in Brisbane, paying top dollar for your unwanted, old, or damaged cars. Our process is fast and simple, with free car removal and immediate payment upon collection. No matter the condition, we guarantee a fair price and professional service. Turn your scrap car into cash today with Brizzy Cash For Cars – Brisbane’s most reliable car removal service. Contact us for a free quote and quick service!
Get the best cash for cars with Brizzy Cash For Cars, the top choice for hassle-free vehicle selling. We offer instant cash for scrap cars in Brisbane, paying top dollar for your unwanted, old, or damaged cars. Our process is fast and simple, with free car removal and immediate payment upon collection. No matter the condition, we guarantee a fair price and professional service. Turn your scrap car into cash today with Brizzy Cash For Cars – Brisbane’s most reliable car removal service. Contact us for a free quote and quick service!
Your topic is very great and useful for us… thank you เว็บคาสิโนออนไลน์
Mulia189: Unrivaled Online Game Entertainment Center Temukan berbagai jenis permainan yang mengasyikkan di Mulia189, dari slot hingga permainan meja, yang dirancang untuk memberikan pengalaman bermain yang menyenangkan https://www.royaldomesticity.com/
I am glad to read your blog. your blog is really awesome and cool. your blog is really great and cool. thanks for sharing the nice and cool post 늑대닷컴
Writing with style and getting good compliments on the article is quite hard, to be honest.But you’ve done it so calmly and with so cool feeling and you’ve nailed the job. This article is possessed with style and I am giving good compliment. Best! identity theft protection
Clubhouse offers a user-friendly mobile app available on both iOS and Android deviceskAb
Clubhouse offers a user-friendly mobile app available on both iOS and Android deviceszKt
Clubhouse offers a user-friendly mobile app available on both iOS and Android devicespUm
It really is perfect time to make several plans for the future and it is time to be happy. I’ve read this post and if I could I desire to recommend you few useful points or advice. Maybe you can publish next articles referring to this post. I want to read more things about it! Bear archery
The railway industry in France is renowned for its innovation and efficiency, much like the bold fashion statements made by a kanye bomber jacket. Just as Kanye’s designs disrupt traditional styles, France’s rail system continuously evolves, integrating cutting-edge technology to enhance passenger experiences and redefine modern travel.
I think this is definitely an amazing project here. So much good will be coming from this project. The ideas and the work behind this will pay off so much.
legal iptv services
Online slot games have taken the world by storm, transforming the way we experience gaming slot gacor
I think this is one of the most significant information for me. And i’m glad reading your article. But should remark on some general things,
legal iptv services
Extremely intriguing online journal. A lot of web journals I see nowadays don’t generally give anything that I’m keen on, however I’m most definitely inspired by this one. Recently felt that I would post and let you know.
legal iptv services
I have been absent for a while, but now I remember why I used to love this blog. Thanks , I’ll try and check back more frequently. How frequently you update your site? Best CGM monitor
🎮✨ I’m joining Kodok4d! Discover the best online gaming experience with a variety of intriguing promos that are eager to be explored! 🎉💰 Play your favorite game on a reliable Indonesian platform in a safe and enjoyable manner. Do not hesitate any longer, register yourself now and experience the joy of playing with us! 🚀🔥 #GamingSeru #KODOK4D #PromoMenarik
With their vibrant graphics and exciting sounds, these virtual machines draw players in for a thrilling ride joker123
Kora TV is a sports streaming platform that offers live broadcasts of football matches, highlights, and sports news from around the world. It provides fans with easy access to their favorite leagues, tournaments, and teams, all in one place, with high-quality streaming and up-to-date coverage. كورة تيفي ( Kora Tv ) هو تطبيق خاص لخدمة البث تم تصميمه خصيصًا لعشاق كرة القدم. يتيح لك مشاهدة مباريات كرة القدم مباشرة على أجهزتك مثل التلفزيون أو الكمبيوتر أو الهاتف Kora Tv Live
That is the excellent mindset, nonetheless is just not help to make every sence whatsoever preaching about that mather. Virtually any method many thanks in addition to i had endeavor to promote your own article in to delicius nevertheless it is apparently a dilemma using your information sites can you please recheck the idea. thanks once more. talktokfcconz
Unlock the power of social media marketing by purchasing reliable Facebook Ads accounts from us. Experience hassle-free advertising with verified accounts, tailored strategies, and expert support to maximize your campaign’s reach and effectiveness. Grow your business today! Our Facebook Ads Account Features— ♠ Verified with a unique and devoted proxy ♠ An account with any preceding $ records ♠ Verified with Unique Gmail ♠ Passed billing account verification ♠ The account can be fully lively ♠ Instant Usable ♠ Replacement Warranty ♠ Delivery items ♠ An account with login Details ♠ Verification details ♠ RDP Login Information ♠ Campaign Creation Guid ♠ 24/7 Contact US ♠ Email: official5starsmmshop@gmail.com Skype: OFFICIAL5STARSMMSHOP Telegram: @official5starsmmshop Whatsapp: +1(803) 820-9724
There’s something irresistible about spinning those reels and chasing after big wins slot dana 5000
A variety of dissertation web pages on-line as you’re as well collect in plain english professed in the webpage. my review here bagelexperience have a peek here myopinion Check This Out myopinion this content myopinion my review here myopinion Get More Info myopinion click to read more myopinion click here now myopinion more info here myopinion this content myopinion
Learn what causes Error 930 in Roblox Feather Family and the steps to solve it. roblox feather family error 930
Mantap MENARA188
It will be in addition a tremendous write-up i usually without a doubt liked inspecting. It’s not actually inevitably day-to-day i usually build up the possibility to see all sorts of things. sbobet ทางเข้า
werfvery sexy, elegant, and beautiful lover who loves gentlemen of good taste. You won’t be able to take your hands off me, and that’s what you have to add to the wide range of seqwerfd beyaz bal
qweddition a tremendous write-up i usually without a doubt liked inspecting. It’s not actually inevitably day-to-day i usually build up the possibility to see all sorts of things. sbobqwed kırlangıç otu
For many enthusiasts, finding a reliable platform is just as important as mastering the game itself gates of olympus slot
Nice post! This is a very nice blog that I will definitively come back to more times this year! Thanks for informative post. How does InventHelp help with patent research?
Hello, this weekend is good for me, since this time i am reading this enormous informative article here at my home. mega:btn4nowj9g4= charizard
Enter “slot gacor,” a term that has become synonymous with winning potential in the online gambe community bonus new member
This kind of seems totally best. Every one of these little information are manufactured together with lots of backdrop information. I prefer that a whole lot Super mamba strain
If you’re looking to maximize your gaming experience and increase your chances of striking it rich, understanding what makes a slot game tick is crucial slot nexus
Just a fast hello and also to thank you for discussing your ideas on this page. I wound up in your weblog right after researching physical fitness connected issues on Yahoo… guess I lost track of what I had been performing! Anyway I’ll be back once again inside the future to examine out your blogposts down the road. Thanks! Programming
Let’s dive into this electrifying world where strategy meets luck, starting with some of the best sites to play on! slot mahjong
Slot games are designed with captivating themes and stunning visuals janjislot daftar
From ancient civilizations to futuristic adventures, there’s a slot for every taste live casino
Välkommen till din guide för Sveriges bästa TopSvenska ;)hBm
I understand this is not exactly on topic, but i run a web site using the similar platform as well and i’m having troubles with my comments showing. will there be a setting i am losing? possibly you could help me out? thx. truth about life
I was examining some of your content on this website and I believe this web site is real informative! Keep posting. truths for life
You have a gift for words I will give you that. If only I had the same gift truths for life
Writing with style and getting good compliments on the article is quite hard, to be honest.But you’ve done it so calmly and with so cool feeling and you’ve nailed the job. This article is possessed with style and I am giving good compliment. Best! how to prevent Identity theft