1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
You know your projects stand out of the herd. There is something special about them. It seems to me all of them are really brilliant! skull rings for men
grown much in both Allbet populations as well
tiket777 Built with the user in mind, this website combines rich content, intuitive navigation, and excellent mobile optimization
A motorhome is perfect for adventure seekers, offering the flexibility to explore new destinations without the hassle of booking accommodations.
Welcome to my SEO services! I am Munna. I have exclusive experience for Dofollow guest posting, Keyword Research, and comprehensive SEO audits, I’m here to boost your website’s visibility. From optimizing on-page SEO elements to implementing effective off-page strategies, I ensure your website ranks higher in search results. Let’s enhance your online presence with my specialized Technical SEO solutions. Get in touch today for personalized SEO assistance!Website
In this article, we will explore effective ways to “control” your husband’s behavior by creating a harmonious and loving environment. We will focus on how to make a significant positive impact in your relationship, possibly even in one day. These strategies aim to shift power dynamics through emotional intelligence, effective communication, and mutual respect.
https://astrologysewa.com/how-to-control-your-husband-in-one-day/
I have read your blog it is very helpful for me. I have bookmark your site for future updates. slot online
Impressive web site, Distinguished feedback that I can tackle. Im moving forward and may apply to my current job as a pet sitter, which is very enjoyable, but I need to additional expand. Regards. สล็อตเว็บตรง
This is such an insightful post. I appreciate the depth of information. you want Plumbing Company With Quality. If you’re considering these services for your project, let us help you choose the right one. We’re here to make sure your needs are fully met.
Angel Climatisation Inc. offers expert installation and servicing of Humidifier and HRV Units in Beaconsfield QC. We are committed to helping you maintain optimal indoor air quality and comfort. Our experienced team provides tailored solutions to meet your climate control needs, ensuring your space is both energy-efficient and breathable.
Visit for more: https://angelinc.cbsplumbingus.com/humidifier-hrv-units/
CapCut Mod APK is an advanced, modified version of the popular video editing app, CapCut. Designed to provide an enhanced editing experience, this version offers users premium features without any subscription or payment requirements. With CapCut Mod APK, users can access a wide array of tools, including unlimited filters, effects, transitions, stickers, and music options, all unlocked for free.
Fantastic post! You’ve covered a lot about Find An Affordable Electrician and it’s clear how vital these services are for successful project management. If you have any questions about
Find An Affordable Electrician, don’t hesitate to get in touch. We are dedicated to finding the right fit for your needs.
Bigg Boss 18 is Known as The House of Drama and Battle of the Celebrities, Watch Bigg Boss 18 Full Episode Online In HD Video by Colors Tv And Voot. Bigg Boss 18 Today Full Episode
Hantam88 Di era digital saat ini permainan online telah menjadi bentuk hiburan yang populer di seluruh dunia dengan banyaknya platform yang tersedia penting bagi pemain untuk menemukan situs yang tidak hanya menawarkan permainan yang menarik tetapi juga memastikan keamanan dan kenyamanan pengguna telah hadir sebagai salah satu platform permainan online terpercaya yang memberikan pengalaman bermain maksimal dikenal dengan berbagai fitur unggulannya mulai dari keamanan data yang kuat hingga ragam permainan yang menarik terus menjadi pilihan utama bagi para pemain yang menginginkan lebih dari sekadar hiburan. https://jojobetegirin.com/
The Free Fire Advance 2024 version provides players with an exciting opportunity to test the latest updates and features before they are made available to the general public. As one of the most popular battle royale games, Free Fire continues to innovate with new gameplay mechanics, skins, weapons, and more. With the Free Fire Advance 2024, you can be among the first to experience these updates, helping developers fine-tune the game and deliver an optimal gaming experience.
Prepared to find your fantasy outfit? Book an appointment at Luna Azul Bridal and let our experts assist you with reestablishing, modify, or tweak your bridal clothing for an ideal fit. book appointment
The quality of your blog is outstanding, really impressive job. Iknlotto iknlotto | ikn lotto | | | iknlotto |
Saya akan mencari tahu lebih lanjut setelah membaca artikel ini. Pesantren di bandung
Chelsea’s new right-back from Barcelona has revealed her ambition to bring the Champions League trophy to her new club. In an exclusive interview, Bronze explained that her decision to move to Chelsea was driven by a desire to achieve success at the highest level of women’s football, and she believes Chelsea is the right place to make that dream a reality, for more information please visit this website https://footballhdonline.com/
Recommendations for gacor online slot game sites that provide various types of online slot games and online lottery with a high win rate, it’s very easy to hit the jackpot, just visit dasartoto
I might want to thank you for the endeavors you have made in composing this article. I am trusting the same best work from you later on too.. mejor hotel en reforma Ciudad de México
I usually enjoy reading your writings, and I like that you shared this though. https://mannypacquiaoapps.com/3jl/
Thank you for this wonderful article. extremely fascinating topic. https://mannypacquiaoapps.com/3jl/
You can’t have it both ways. helo88
King88 tu hao la mot trong nhung nha cai hang dau, cung cap cho nguoi choi mot khong gian giai tri dang cap
Bongdalu là thương hiệu không còn xa lạ với người hâm mộ có niềm đam mê với cá cược bóng đá. Những thông trên hệ thống xem tỷ số bongdalu vip được đánh giá cao.
Web: https://bongdalu.black/
SĐT: 0939.29.59.19
Hasteg: #bongdalu #bongdaluvip
Địa chỉ: 1-1A Tôn Đức Thắng, Phường Bến Nghé, Quận 1, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 700000, Việt Nam.
Your writing has inspired me to delve deeper into the subject matter. sòng bạc online
A good wife makes a good husband. 33win
Nhà cái xo88 Cung cấp tất cả các trận cầu Hot nhất từ 1000+ giải đấu bóng đá chuyên nghiệp. Tỉ lệ kèo hấp dẫn tới từ nhà cung cấp hàng đầu châu lục: SABA, Global Sports, Bti-Sports…XO88 còn là nền tảng cung cấp hàng loạt Game bài đổi thưởng online, lô đề,
Do you mind if I quote a couple of your articles as long as I provide credit and sources back to your blog? My website is in the very same area of interest as yours and my users would really benefit from a lot of the information you present here. Please let me know if this okay with you. Regards! situs pasti bayar
Zowin là một cổng game bài trực tuyến uy tín với nhiều năm kinh nghiệm trong ngành công nghiệp giải trí trực tuyến. Cổng này nổi tiếng với sự đa dạng của trò chơi bao gồm các phiên bản phong phú của baccarat, blackjack, và nhiều trò chơi slot hấp dẫn khác
you have got a great blog right here! would you like to make some invite posts on my weblog? situs pasti bayar
Klinik Aborsi Kandungan Murah Dan Aman Di Jakarta
Apakah Anda sedang mencari layanan kuret kandungan yang aman, profesional, dan dengan harga terjangkau? Di Klinik Aborsi Jakarta, kami hadir untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kesehatan wanita dengan memberikan layanan terbaik yang disesuaikan dengan anggaran Anda.
Mengapa Memilih Layanan Aborsi Kandungan di Klinik Aborsi Jakarta?
Dokter Spesialis Berpengalaman: Layanan kami ditangani oleh dokter spesialis kandungan yang berpengalaman dan berkompeten.
Harga Terjangkau: Kami menawarkan layanan aborsi dengan biaya yang lebih terjangkau tanpa mengurangi kualitas pelayanan.
Alat Medis Modern: Kami menggunakan teknologi medis yang canggih dan modern untuk memastikan prosedur yang aman dan nyaman.
Konsultasi Gratis: Dapatkan sesi konsultasi gratis sebelum memutuskan untuk menjalani prosedur.
Perawatan Pasca Aborsi: Kami juga menyediakan perawatan dan pemantauan pasca aborsi untuk memastikan pemulihan Anda berjalan dengan baik.
Apa Itu Aborsi Kandungan?
Kuret kandungan adalah prosedur medis yang bertujuan untuk membersihkan rahim dari jaringan yang tidak normal atau setelah keguguran. Prosedur ini dilakukan secara aman oleh dokter kandungan dan biasanya tidak memerlukan waktu lama.
Prosedur Kuret di Klinik Aborsi Jakarta
Konsultasi Awal: Dokter kami akan melakukan pemeriksaan dan konsultasi mengenai kondisi Anda.
Persiapan Prosedur: Kami akan memastikan Anda mendapatkan informasi lengkap tentang proses aborsi.
Prosedur Aborsi: Dilakukan dengan hati-hati menggunakan peralatan medis steril dan sesuai standar kesehatan.
Pemulihan: Setelah prosedur, Anda akan dipantau oleh tim medis kami untuk memastikan kondisi Anda stabil dan nyaman.
Biaya Layanan Kuret di Klinik Aborsi Jakarta
Kami mengerti bahwa biaya sering menjadi pertimbangan utama, oleh karena itu kami menawarkan paket kuret kandungan mulai dari Rp [harga], termasuk pemeriksaan awal, prosedur, dan perawatan pasca kuret.
Hubungi Kami
Untuk informasi lebih lanjut atau untuk membuat janji temu, silakan hubungi kami di:
📞 Telepon/WhatsApp: 0856-5220-4055
📍 Alamat: DKI Jakarta
🌐 Website: https://klinikaborsijakarta.online/
Kami siap membantu Anda dengan layanan yang profesional dan harga yang terjangkau. Kesehatan Anda adalah prioritas kami!
The electronic cigarette uses a battery and a small heating component the vaporize the e-liquid. This vapor can then be inhaled and exhaled situs pasti bayar
Elevate your vaping experience with the Crown Bar 8000 Puffsdisposable vape. Engineered for flavor aficionados and everyday users alike, this device delivers a remarkable 8000 puffs, providing a satisfying and prolonged vaping experience.
https://uk88.pet/ là nhà cái uy tín đươc cấp phép bởi cơ quan có thẩm quyền bởi UKGC. Đến với nhà cái UK88 người chơi được trải nghiệm nhiều tựa game vô cùng hấp dẫn như: Cá cược thể thao, Bắn cá, Lô đề,…
I just want to let you know that I just check out your site and I find it very interesting and informative. – 24kbet
Step up your vaping game with theCrown Bar 15000 Puffs disposable vape. Designed for enthusiasts who demand flavor and longevity, this device offers an incredible 15,000 puffs, making it one of the most enduring options available.
I’m no longer positive the place you are getting your info, however great topic. I must spend some time learning more or working out more. Thank you for great info I was in search of this information for my mission. sule slot
Biaya Aborsi Murah Di Klinik Aborsi Jakarta
Dalam menentukan biaya aborsi atau harga aborsi di klinik aborsi jakarta adalah tergantung pada besarnya kehamilan dan tingkat resikonya.
https://klinikaborsijakarta.online/biaya-aborsi/
This web site is usually a walk-through its the data you wished concerning this and didn’t know who ought to. Glimpse here, and you’ll definitely discover it. uus777
big money to understand about this. I suppose you have made certain nice points in functions also. sule slot
Link terbaik ada di rp8888
frequented your website page and so far? I amazed with the research you made to create this actual post extraordinary. Wonderful activity! uus777
You can book your consultation now and contact us through the best law firm in Saudi Arabia with lawyer Nasser Abdul Aziz Al-Yousef, the legal consultant.
أفضل مكتب محاماه بالسعودية
https://anoboy.net.co/
watch Anime for free in HD Quality
Freezing consideration perhaps it is an understanding to create could possibly help everybody else is having troubles searching though My group is some unclear a lot more i am permitted to get details and even communications information at these. betforward.com.de
The Global Health Worker Empowerment Program is a unique opportunity for Indian health worker to grow and work in their dream country. You only pay if you secure your dream job and visa for your desired country.
Abroad nurse recruitment services
تعرفي على أسرار الجمال مع ڤانير. نقدم لك مجموعة متميزة من منتجات العناية بالبشرة والمكياج والعطور. تسوقي الآن واستمتعي بأعلى معايير الجودة بأفضل الأسعار.
Woah this is just an insane amount of information, must of taken ages to compile so thanx so much for just sharing it with all of us. If your ever in any need of related information, perhaps a bit of coaching, seduction techniques or just general tips, just check out my own site! ISTANA 189