1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Transform your life with the expertise of a leading NLP Impact Life Coach in Dubai Discover new perspectives and unlock your potential with tailored coaching sessions designed to help you achieve your goals and live your best life. Experience the difference a top-rated life coach in Dubai can make
Discover the best popular games on the most popular website for … poki game
흠 !! 이 블로그는 정말 멋져요. 정말 운이 좋아 여기에 도달해서 멋진 정보를 얻었습니다. 돌직구벳 도메인 주소
그것은 완전히 흥미로운 블로그 게시입니다. 저는 종종 Diwali Bumper Lottery에 대한 내 프로젝트의 도움을 위해 귀하의 게시물을 방문하고 귀하의 슈퍼 쓰기 기능은 진정으로 나를 깜짝 놀라게했습니다. 돌직구벳 도메인 주소
Hello! I’m Emily Foster, a nutrition enthusiast and writer passionate about health and wellnesstOe
Myle Dubai offers a premium selection of Myle vape products, providing a sleek and satisfying alternative for those seeking an elevated vaping experience. Renowned for their cutting-edge design and smooth performance, Myle devices are compact, easy to use, and deliver exceptional flavor with every puff.
The design is both sophisticated and highly effective https://reeltip.com/
If you’re having issues with your washing machine, the Haier washing machine service centre in Kottayam is a great option for reliable repairs and maintenance. They offer expert service and have skilled technicians who can handle various problems efficiently. Their focus on quality ensures that your appliance will be in good hands, helping to keep it running smoothly.
If you’re having issues with your washing machine, the Haier washing machine service centre in Kottayam is a great option for reliable repairs and maintenance. They offer expert service and have skilled technicians who can handle various problems efficiently. Their focus on quality ensures that your appliance will be in good hands, helping to keep it running smoothly.
https://globalservicecare.com/haier-washing-machine-repair-service-centre-in-pala-kottayam/
Is this a new post? i ask because i think i read the same article a month ago on hubpages. panen303
훌륭한 읽기, 긍정적 인 사이트,이 게시물에 대한 정보를 어디서 얻었습니까? 지금 귀하의 웹 사이트에서 몇 가지 기사를 읽었으며 귀하의 스타일이 정말 마음에 듭니다. 백만명에게 감사하고 효과적인 작업을 계속하십시오. 룰라벳 도메인 주소
Wow, cool post. I’d like to write like this too – taking time and real hard work to make a great article… but I put things off too much and never seem to get started. Thanks though. Turkse ambassade in Japan
You can certainly see your expertise within the work you write. The sector hopes for even more passionate writers such as you who aren’t afraid to mention how they believe. At all times go after your heart. panen303
You will find on our sites distinctive no deposit bonuses,no deposit casino , no deposit poker , no deposit bingo , no deposit forex and all the most effective deposit bonuses panen303
I can set up my new thought from this post. It gives top to bottom data. A debt of gratitude is in order for this significant data for all,.. Realitytimez
WalletConnect giúp kết nối ví và ứng dụng phi tập trung một cách dễ dàng. hướng dẫn sử dụng walletconnect
MU finished eighth in the 2023/2024 Premier League. The FA Cup was the only title won by Erik ten Hag’s troops. The improvements began in the summer of this year. MU brought in Leny Yoro, but he had to be absent for three months due to injury in pre-season. For more information, visit our website https://goalbushido.com/
This is also a fair post which I really savored the experience of scrutinizing. It isn’t every day that I have the probability to see something like this.. alexistogel
Respecting the time and exertion you put into your site and point by point data you offer!.. Timesstartup
howdy, I’ve been havin a tough time attempting to rank well for the words “victorias secret coupon codes”… Pls approve my comment!! panen303
Thanks for the blog loaded with so many information. Stopping by your blog helped me to get what I was looking for. coasters for drinks
이러한 유익한 웹 사이트를 게시하는 데 아주 좋습니다. 웹 로그는 유용 할뿐만 아니라 창의적이기도합니다. 릴게임꽁머니
https://pcgameshub.org/euro-truck-simulator-2/
Good post but I was wondering if you could write a litte more on this subject? I’d be very thankful if you could elaborate a little bit further. Appreciate it! Turkse ambassade in Libië
” ‘훌륭한 유용한 리소스를 무료로 제공하는 가격을 알 수있는 웹 사이트를 보는 것이 좋습니다. 귀하의 게시물을 읽는 것이 정말 마음에 들었습니다. 감사합니다! 온라인홀덤
The interface is both modern and very intuitive https://itwasb.org/
Thankyou for this wondrous post, I am glad I observed this website on yahoo. Turkse ambassade in Madagaskar
The railway industry in France continues to shine as a model of efficiency and innovation. With its high-speed trains and extensive network, it not only connects cities seamlessly but also supports sustainable transportation. France’s commitment to enhancing its rail infrastructure ensures a reliable and eco-friendly future for travelers and the economy alike. divorce cost new york
On that website page, you’ll see your description, why not read through this 링크맵
훌륭하게 작성된 기사, 모든 블로거가 동일한 콘텐츠를 제공한다면 인터넷이 훨씬 더 나은 곳이 될 것입니다 .. 미슐랭 도메인 주소
Buy Verified TransferWise Accounts. At first, international money transfers can seem complicated. It is easier to transfer money internationally when you have verified TransferWise account. TransferWise offers a leading money transfer service. People can send money internationally for less than banks charge. It is cheaper and more efficient.
TransferWise verifies your identity and address as well as the source of funds. TransferWise is even more convenient to use after these checks. Sending money is easier with TransferWise. You can send more, have higher transaction limits and enjoy other helpful features.
The article below will explain how you can verify your account. This article will discuss the necessary documents and explain why it is important to have an account verified. These details are great for those who frequently travel, have Multi-Currency Accounts or want a simple, safe way to transfer money. This article will help you to understand the options available when managing your finances.
Our Wise Account Features-
♦ Email address and password for the account.
♦ Wise Account email access
♦ must provide a photo ID with your date of birth and a verified bank account.
♦ Verification of bank and card
♦ Please provide full SSN.
♦ The bank statement was supplied.
♦ Transfers to USA, UK (UK), Canada, Australia, and any other country. Each country charges a separate account fee.
♦ 60 Days Replacement guarantee.
♦ Customer service is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
♠ Contact US ♠
Email: servicebuyusa@gmail.com
Skype: SERVICEBUYUSA
Telegram: @officialservicebuyusa
Whatsapp: +1 (520)344-4079
I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. I am hoping the same best work from you in the future as well. In fact your creative writing abilities has inspired me to start my own Blog Engine blog now. Really the blogging is spreading its wings rapidly. Your write up is a fine example of it. 오피스타
A standing desk is exactly what it sounds like—a desk that allows you to stand while working. Compared with traditional sitting work, a standing desk can encourage users to stand and move more. Different sizes and shapes can adapt to different work spaces and personal needs, meeting the diverse needs of users can help reduce the negative impact of sitting for long periods of time on health.
https://www.fezibo.com/collections/standing-desk
An adjustable desk is a adjustable height desk that can be switched between different heights according to the needs of the user. In recent years, adjustable desks have become one of the most popular furniture in homes and offices due to their unique height-adjustable features.
Ik ben buitengewoon verheugd over dit online dagboek. Het is een educatief onderwerp. Het heeft me enorm geholpen om een paar problemen op te lossen. De kans is zo ongelooflijk en de werkstijl is zo snel. advocaat amsterdam
A standing desk with drawers is a desk with height adjustable features and drawers. Compared with traditional desks, it is more user-friendly, comfortable and practical. Standing desks with drawers can help workers maintain a standing or sitting posture at work, thereby reducing the negative impact of prolonged sitting on physical health.
유익한 웹 사이트를 게시하는 데 아주 좋습니다. 웹 로그는 유용 할뿐만 아니라 창의적이기도합니다. 카지노사이트
The attention to detail in OVO clothing is unmatched. Every piece feels special, from the fabric choice to the iconic OVO owl logo.
the Big Woods แทงบาคาร่า of Little House
Looking for a tennis store in Hyderabad? You’ll find top-notch shops offering a wide range of tennis gear, from rackets and balls to shoes and apparel. These stores cater to both beginners and professionals, providing quality brands like Wilson, Babolat, and Yonex. Expert staff are available to help you choose the right equipment to enhance your game. Whether you’re upgrading your gear or just starting out, Hyderabad’s tennis stores have everything you need to hit the court with confidence.
The website NONGKI303 from this article is very helpful and provides many new insights. Your explanations are very detailed and include relevant examples, making complex topics easier to understand. I really appreciate your efforts in creating high-quality content. Thank you for sharing this knowledge with us. I will continue to follow this blog and look forward to the next website. Hopefully this blog will continue to grow and provide benefits to many people!
I have learn some just right stuff here.
Certainly price bookmarking for revisiting. I wonder how so much effort
you set to create such a great informative website.
Feel free to visit my blog bautista michaelin
gila138 website taruhan online dengan beragam permainan menarik dan didukung sistem keamanan yang canggih.
layar138 platform game online menarik dengan berbagai macam bonus melimpah untuk member yang bergabung.
mitra77 situs game dengan permainan yang menarik dan gampang untuk dimainkan, daftar serta rasakan nikmatnya kemenangan!!
datuk168 salah satu situs resmi yang di dukung server thailand yang menyediakan permainan super gacor gampang maxwin.
totoslot138 adalah situs game online terpopuler dengan pengalaman bermain game terbaik dan fitur menarik yang memberikan akses link login alternatif mudah.
Science & Education is the official journal of the IHPST group, which focuses on enhancing teaching, learning, and curricula in science and mathematics … SCIENCE EDUCATION
Diva4d merupakan situs slot88 resmi dengan minial betting 200 perak gampang menang hari ini” Diva4d
Wonderful blog! I found it while surfing around on Yahoo News. Do you have any suggestions on how to get listed in Yahoo News? I’ve been trying for a while but I never seem to get there! Appreciate it. jet bet