1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
casino non AAMS
I will recommend a game that is very suitable for you to play, a very exciting graphic game full of extraordinary sensations and very profitable, for further information please visit the website https://telemallbrand.com/
You there, this is really good post here. Thanks for taking the time to post such valuable information. Quality content is what always gets the visitors coming. Снять квартиру на сутки Вилейка
i love reading this article so beautiful!!great job! Dr Sheryene Tejeda
The advantages of playing online games are huge, many people are interested in this game because with very little capital you can get abundant profits. Therefore, if you like it, you can visit the website https://pharmacy-for.us/
Whoa! Precisely what a close look opener this specific article have been to me. A lot loved, added, My spouse and i can’t loose time waiting for additional! ngentod
Wow, excellent post. I’d like to draft like this too – taking time and real hard work to make a great article. This post has encouraged me to write some posts that I am going to write soon. tvtoto
Wow, this is fascinating reading. I am glad I found this and got to read it. Great job on this content. I liked it a lot. Thanks for the great and unique info. depobos
Awesome! I thank you your input to this matter. It has been insightful. my blog: palm reading guide د هند سوداګریز ویزې د انګلستان اتباع
I found that site very usefull and this survey is very cirious, I ‘ ve never seen a blog that demand a survey for this actions, very curious… bokep afrika
Shop Lucy Breakers Mint Nicotine Pouches at NIC4Less for a refreshing, smoke-free mint experience. Fast delivery and great prices await!
#lucy breaker
Revenue management is a strategic approach used primarily in industries with fixed capacity, such as airlines, hotels, car rentals, and event venues, to maximize revenue by optimizing the availability 2048 game strategy and pricing of products or services. It involves understanding, anticipating, and influencing consumer behavior through data analysis and dynamic pricing strategies.
Thanks for the blog loaded with so many information. Stopping by your blog helped me to get what I was looking for. ustahiki wa indian e visa raia wa ufaransa
REALBET99 memastikan semua metode pembayaran yang disediakan aman dan terpercaya
It is particularly tolerable, however investigate the tips during this place of residence. These you will at that point see the most significant thing, the application gives you a site an incredible significant web page: vituo maarufu vya vilima nchini India lazima utembelee
This slot game offers a jackpot prize of millions of rupiah today, what are you waiting for, just visit this website http://multihnews.com/
Nigeria’s health information system is improving but still faces challenges in data accuracy, integration, and accessibility, impacting effective healthcare delivery. Nigeria health Information
The best lottery dealer site offers the most complete online lottery market and provides jackpot prizes of hundreds of millions of rupiah, just visit this website tribuntogel
Another standout advantage of Kinemasteraap.com is its priority customer support, which guarantees users swift and effective assistance. This means that whenever you run into issues or have questions about the app, you’ll get prompt, expert help to keep your creative projects on track without unnecessary delays.
This is exactly what I was looking for.. really simple to install, totally free just had to register to download, thanks abbigliamento mimetico
Los cinturones para mujer son accesorios versátiles que añaden un toque final a cualquier atuendo. Disponibles en una variedad de estilos, desde elegantes hasta casuales, y en materiales como cuero y tela, Mens Leather Bifold Wallet ayudan a definir la cintura y complementar tanto conjuntos formales como informales. Un accesorio imprescindible para cualquier guardarropa.
Greetings, have you ever before wondered to write regarding Nintendo Dsi handheld? anfibi militari
“I’m just writing to make you understand what a helpful experience my princess enjoyed reading through your web page. She learned a lot of pieces, including what it is like to have an ideal teaching heart to get other individuals with no trouble learn selected impossible subject areas. You truly surpassed readers’ desires. Many thanks for churning out such invaluable, healthy, informative and fun tips on the topic to Julie.” giacca mimetica
This is what piece appears to have a wide selection of targeted customers. Would you market it? It all offers a decent special distort for aspects. Maybe enjoying one bona fide or even higher to supply information on is the most essential subject. abbiagliamento softair
Greetings, have you ever before wondered to write regarding Nintendo Dsi handheld? anfibi militari
I would also love to add that when you do not currently have an insurance policy or maybe you do not take part in any group insurance, you might well make use of seeking the aid of a health insurance broker. Self-employed or people who have medical conditions generally seek the help of any health insurance broker. Thanks for your blog post. holding company
Hello there, have you by chance thought about to publish regarding Nintendo or PS handheld? abbiagliamento softair
After study many of the websites on the web site now, we genuinely much like your means of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark internet site list and will also be checking back soon. Pls consider my web site at the same time and inform me what you consider. portfolio management
It is truly an extraordinary game that has very interesting and very impressive features and this game is also profitable, for further information please visit this website https://hidenpaper.com
I found so many interesting stuff in your blog especially its discussion. From the tons of comments on your articles, I guess I am not the only one having all the enjoyment here! keep up the good work… د سپورت فعالیتونو لپاره د هند سوداګرۍ ایویزا
profitable game that can make hundreds of millions of rupiah, for further information please visit this website https://ukdigests.com
why would you not visit yuntaxes.com
I now recommend online games that are worldwide for you to play, there are many games that combine world popularity with an authentic atmosphere, what are you waiting for, visit the website immediately.http://pmcoinspects.com/
Here you can get tips for playing online slots so you can get fantastic jackpot prizes, for further information please visit this website https://anitepamcb.info
Thank you for this kind of records I turn out to be searching all Google as a way to find out it! Win247
You can find various types of lottery markets here, this game provides ease in playing and all these games are very easy to win, for further information please visit this website https://trendustad.com
Align Health is a renowned physiotherapy centre in Abu Dhabi, dedicated to providing exceptional healthcare services and promoting overall well-being. With a team of highly skilled and experienced physiotherapists, Align Health aims to assist individuals in their journey towards recovery, rehabilitation, and optimal physical performance. Their holistic approach encompasses various therapeutic techniques, including manual therapy, exercise prescription, electrotherapy, and specialized modalities.
An interesting blog that provides a lot of information. I really like this blog. If you want to see interesting information, just visit this website https://fomoplus.id
sensa69 telah membuktikan diri sebagai salah satu situs game online terbaik untuk permainan slot, khususnya dengan koleksi Slot88 yang mengesankan.
Check out some of these very interesting dramas, guaranteed you will be entertained, just visit this website https://k-drama.id
A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new. 웹툰주소
Terima kasih telah menggali topik ini dengan sangat baik. DURALINK Roller Chains RS 50-2
Infrastructure development is one of the key aspects in the development of the IKN. This project includes the construction of roads, bridges, and modern transportation systems, for further information please visit this website https://ikncenter.id
Saya sangat setuju dengan argumen yang Anda kemukakan. Genset Genpac Open / Silent Cummins 350 kVA GC350
Personally, I have found that to remain probably the most fascinating topics when it draws a parallel to. You may find two to three new levels inside L . a . Weight loss and any one someone is incredibly important. Initial stage may be real melting away rrn the body. lose weight 菸油推薦
q
“Hoki 138 menawarkan berbagai jenis permainan yang dapat dinikmati oleh para pemainnya. Untuk menikmati semua permainan yang ditawarkan oleh Hoki138, pemain harus terlebih dahulu melakukan login ke akun mereka. hoki138 pro memiliki berbagai jenis slot dengan tema yang beragam dan grafis yang menarik. Dengan tampilan yang lebih elegan dan fitur-fitur canggih, Hoki138 login menawarkan pengalaman bermain yang lebih menyenangkan dan memuaskan. Para pemain dapat merasakan sensasi bermain di kasino sungguhan langsung dari kenyamanan rumah mereka.
Dari permainan slot hingga taruhan olahraga, semuanya tersedia di hoki138 slot.”
Artikel yang sangat membantu bagi saya, terima kasih! DURALINK Roller Chains RS 60-2
Allor converrà che ti informi ove comprar del buon vino.
국산야동
Actually your creative writing skills has encouraged me to get my own web site now. Actually the blogging is spreading its wings rapidly Daftar Haji Plus
Regular visits listed here are the easiest method to appreciate your energy, which is why why I am going to the website everyday, searching for new, interesting info. Many, thank you 鯊克煙油推薦