1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
the most common electrical supply that i always buy at the local store is the elecrtical tape and electrical wire 슬롯조작
produce,Underneath the celestial satellite of affection remedy blokes sensible sweetheart is aware of two of the more poor on the opportunity to begin, and that is your boyfriend’s beloved duration of the guiltiness, impressive perfect spare time on her. game bài đổi thưởng
Good blog! I really love how it is simple on my eyes and the data are well written. I’m wondering how I might be notified when a new post has been made. I have subscribed to your RSS feed which must do the trick! Have a great day! wabi sabi wall art
Everything is quite open and very clear reason of troubles game đổi thưởng
나는 그들이 매우 도움이 될 것이라고 확신하기 때문에 사람들을 귀하의 사이트로 다시 보내기 위해 귀하의 사이트를 내 소셜 미디어 계정에 추가하고 공유했습니다. 신용카드 현금화
Quickly and easily build your web traffic and PR, which provides Web site visitors to add your page to any social bookmarking website. 3d Intraoral Scanning
이 기사를 읽었습니다. 이 기사를 만들기 위해 많은 노력을 기울인 것 같습니다. 나는 당신의 일을 좋아합니다. 신용카드 현금화
This is exceptionally instructive substance and composed well for a change. It’s ideal to see that certain individuals actually comprehend how to compose a quality post! MELbet Promo Code Bangladesh
The largest Japanese slot dealer site that provides various types of games with the best quality and is definitely very exciting. This site always gives wins to its players. For further information, please visit this website http://146.190.100.186/
The overview of France’s railway industry highlights its similarities to the airline sector in terms of revenue management challenges and strategies. The fixed capacity, variable demand, and perishable inventory necessitate sophisticated pricing strategies, akin to Quadrant 2 industries. However, unique factors like open tickets and standing passengers require tailored approaches. At Structured Biiz, we understand the complexities of managing portfolios in dynamic markets, akin to navigating varied demands in the railway sector. Our SEBI Registered Portfolio Manager services ensure strategic investment management that adapts to fluctuating market conditions, maximizing returns for our clients with precision and foresight.
This article was written by a real thinking writer without a doubt. I agree many of the with the solid points made by the writer. I’ll be back day in and day for further new updates. storeopinion-ca.boats
Any other spots you possibly could think of for further details? کوچینگ مدیران
tainless steel auto
“Uncover the advantages of stainless steel autos, featuring exceptional durability, corrosion resistance, and a sleek, modern design.
Youre so cool! I dont suppose Ive read anything like this before. So nice to find somebody with some original thoughts on this subject. realy thank you for starting this up. this website is something that is needed on the web, someone with a little originality. useful job for bringing something new to the internet! Samsung Smart LED TV 32T5300
I thoroughly enjoyed this article. It was both insightful and well-written. Thanks for sharing your knowledge. thuê Villa Hạ Long
Sangat berguna pada website saya di Paito Macau
I was surfing net and fortunately came across this site and found very interesting stuff here. Its really fun to read. I enjoyed a lot. Thanks for sharing this wonderful information. link slot gacor
This website is incredibly user-friendly and easy to navigate. empiretoto
Very valuable information, so i can search for things more easily here ALPHASLOT88
Aw, this has been a really good post. In notion I must put in place writing such as this moreover – taking time and actual effort to create a really good article… but so what can I say… I procrastinate alot by no means seem to get something carried out. game đánh bài đổi thưởng
Thank you because you have been willing to share information with us. we will always appreciate all you have done here because I know you are very concerned with our. https://www.mesondelasador.com/
A very exciting slot site that always gives wins. This site is the best site that is very popular. Just visit this website https://sarlsimonnet.com/
Introducing to you the most prestigious online entertainment address today. Visit now to experience now! Website:https://8kbet.stream/
Thank you because you have been willing to share information with us. we will always appreciate all you have done here because I know you are very concerned with our. https://waytomonte.com/
Welcome to the party of my life here you will learn everything about me. thca flower
Thank you because you have been willing to share information with us. we will always appreciate all you have done here because I know you are very concerned with our. lotusdewa
Introducing to you the most prestigious online entertainment address today. Visit now to experience now! Website:https://8kbet.stream/
There are some interesting points in time in this article but I don’t know if I see all of them center to heart. There is some validity but I will take hold opinion until I look into it further. Good article , thanks and we want more! Added to FeedBurner as well deliverance ministry
Research industry salary standards!
constructive feedback for employees
Participate in community events and competitions. Showcase your skills, earn bragging rights, and win amazing prizes. Hokqbet88
one of the most interesting entertainment with huge profits, this is a great opportunity for those of you who like to play online games to earn extra money, for further information please visit this website https://genericsildenafiltabs.com
I’m pleased to discover your well-known writing style for the content. Right now, you make it simple for me to understand and put the concept into practice. Thank you so much for the post. Essentials Hoodie
You have performed a great job on this article. It’s very precise and highly qualitative. You have even managed to make it readable and easy to read. You have some real writing talent. Thank you so much. heb-comsurvey.boats
MOHID has significantly impacted mosque fundraising in the USA, providing an integrated solution that simplifies donation management for Islamic centers. By leveraging advanced technology, MOHID enables mosques to streamline their fundraising efforts, making it easier for the community to contribute through various channels such as online donations, kiosks, and mobile apps. This ease of access encourages more frequent and larger donations, ensuring mosques can effectively manage their finances and fund essential services and programs.
I will recommend a game that is very suitable for you to play, a very exciting graphic game full of extraordinary sensations and very profitable, for further information please visit the website https://richersport.com
I like your post. It is good to see you verbalize from the heart and clarity on this important subject can be easily observed… lowescomsurvey.boats
Encourage open discussions about mental health.
mental health in the workplace
Thank you because you have been willing to share information with us. we will always appreciate all you have done here because I know you are very concerned with our. alexistogel login
Well, you must be very curious about the results of the ongoing Olympic matches. If you are curious, just visit this website because here you can see it clearly prediksi skor olimpiade 2024 ukraina vs argentina
The XR Series, which combines the PRO MX with the integrated retrax bed Rail System, offers unique and personalized customization options above your tonneau cover. The Retrax Bed Cover PRO XR, a premium aluminum series cover, provides industrial-strength aluminum construction and a highly resilient matte finish, optimizing cargo capacity whether the cover is open or closed. The retrax bed cover Rail System is compatible with most T-slot accessories from Yakima, Thule, Rhino Rack, and many more, providing endless possibilities for cargo management. By pairing the retrax bed Rail System with accessories, you can double your cargo capacity and free up your hitch, enabling you to mount bikes, coolers, and other outdoor gear on top of the retrax bed cover.
Product Features
Sealed ball bearing roller design
Industrial-strength aluminum construction
Suitable for 5th wheel towing
Legendary lifetime warranty
T-slot accessories sold separately
Increased cargo capacity above and below the cover
Compatible with most T-slot accessories
Easy opening and closing with one hand
Key lockable in any position
Unlimited hauling flexibility
Low-profile design
Maintains cover functionality with loaded cargo
We at Pyramids Global offer Revenue Cycle Management (RCM) services and healthcare IT consultation. This helps to improve a practitioner’s financial health, procedures, collections, and growth. Our medical billing and credentialing services will assist your practice in optimizing your revenue cycle operations using various proven methods.
The large production capacity of our factory allows us to meet every customer’s demands. Food Waste Processor
On this blog you can find very interesting information about football matches that are taking place this year, here you can see all the football news, just visit prediksi grup c olimpiade paris 2024
Very valuable information, so i can search for things more easily here ALPHASLOT88
“789bet đã nhanh chóng khẳng định vị thế của mình như một trong những địa chỉ cá cược trực tuyến đáng tin cậy và phổ biến. Với sự phát triển liên tục, 789bet mang đến cho người chơi những trải nghiệm thú vị cùng hàng loạt dịch vụ hấp dẫn. Bài viết này sẽ cung cấp một cái nhìn tổng quan về 789bet, từ việc giới thiệu, quy trình đăng ký, các loại trò chơi cho đến các chương trình khuyến mãi và phương thức rút/gửi tiền.
Website: https://789bethv.online/“
You have a decent site. It is truly simple, and pleasant to navigate.I think the site is incredible, looks magnificent and simple to follow 오피뷰
Sangat relate dengan website saya Live Draw HK
I will really appreciate the writer’s choice for choosing this excellent article appropriate to my matter.Here is deep description about the article matter which helped me more. link slot gacor
“Terrific article! That is the type of information that should
be shared across the internet. Shame on Google for no longer positioning this submit upper!
Come on over and consult with my website . Thank you
=)” 토토사이트
Sweet website, super pattern, real clean and apply genial. 스포츠중계