1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Cupidbaba offers a wide range of sex toys buy India, including vibrators, dildos, male masturbators, and more. They provide discreet packaging and quality products for discreet purchases online.
Polarized sunglasses have improved my golf game by reducing glare and helping me see the ball more clearly. occhiali sole ray ban
Great info! I recently came across your blog and have been reading along. I thought I would leave my first comment. I don’t know what to say except that I have 사설 토토사이트 추천
Fiverr is the world’s largest freelance services marketplace for lean entrepreneurs to focus on growth & create a successful business at affordable costs.
This blog is very informational and helpful to the viewers. Thank you for sharing! fb777live
Polarized sunglasses are a must for anyone who spends time on the water. They make everything look so much clearer and reduce eye strain. occhiali sole ray ban
Such an interesting game, I really enjoy playing it because I always get big profits https://bag-tu.fakfakkab.go.id/wp-content/site/betogel/
I admire this article for the well-researched content and excellent wording. I got so involved in this material that I couldn’t stop reading. I am impressed with your work and skill. Thank you so much 사설 토토사이트 추천
JPDEWA adalah situs slot online gacor 2024 yang menawarkan slot winrate tertinggi mudah menang dengan permainan berkualitas tinggi dan bonus menarik jpdewa
I have read your article, it is very informative and helpful for me. I admire the valuable information you offer in your articles. Thanks for posting it
사설 토토사이트 추천
Discover a haven of tranquility and modern living at Godrej Plots Meerut. Located amidst lush landscapes, this gated community offers meticulously planned residential plots ideal for your dream home. Enjoy seamless connectivity to key city hubs and a host of amenities designed for a vibrant lifestyle. Experience the perfect blend of nature and urban comfort at Godrej Plots Meerut. Godrej Plots Meerut
Having the right pet supplies for your 123 cat helps ensure their well-being and comfort.
Sure, here is a blog comment for “Railway Industry in France”:
As a frequent traveler and enthusiast of European transport systems, I find the railway industry in France particularly fascinating. The efficiency and speed of the TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse) are remarkable, making long-distance travel across the country both convenient and enjoyable. The integration of regional and local trains with the national high-speed network is a testament to France’s commitment to creating a cohesive and accessible transport system.
Moreover, the investment in modernization and sustainability is noteworthy. The ongoing electrification projects and the introduction of more eco-friendly trains reflect a forward-thinking approach to reducing the carbon footprint of travel. The SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) continues to set high standards in customer service, punctuality, and innovation.
For anyone planning a trip to France, experiencing the country’s railway system is a must. Whether it’s a scenic ride through the countryside or a quick journey between major cities, the French railway industry offers a unique and pleasant travel experience.
The Best Travel Agency in Dhaka
This game is very profitable, you must try this game, from this game I have made a big profit https://bag-tu.fakfakkab.go.id/wp-content/site/eurotogel/
Hi buddies, it is great written piece entirely defined, continue the good work constantly 사설 토토사이트 추천
you can always count on search engine marketing if you want to promote products online. buzz bar
Boost Your Development Efforts – Buy Linode Accounts
Maximize your development efforts with Linode’s advanced cloud services. Buy Linode Accounts to leverage a suite of tools designed for developers, including robust APIs and easy-to-use management interfaces. Linode’s commitment to performance and affordability makes it a preferred choice for developers worldwide. Buy Linode Account today to accelerate your development projects.
It’s really great, this game is very profitable, I get a lot from playing this game, you guys should try it too, hurry up, just visit it https://bag-tu.fakfakkab.go.id/wp-content/site/imbaslot/
Experiencing confusion and feeling overwhelmed following a reckless driving charge in Culpeper? However, choosing the appropriate lawyer can truly make a major difference in the midst of the confusion. To get help negotiating this legal dead end, speak with a culpeper reckless driving lawyer.
looking for an inner peace coach in Dubai Check out NLP Impact Life Coach for expert guidance and transformative experiences. They specialize in using Neuro-Linguistic Programming techniques to empower and bring balance into your life. Highly recommended!
Buy Verified Paxful Accounts. Paxful, a leading player in the cryptocurrency world. Paxful allows users to buy and sell Bitcoins and other digital currencies. Paxful began in 2012. Since then, it has processed over USD 4 billion worth of transactions. Paxful has handled 90 million transactions in the past year. A verified Paxful Account is essential for safe, trusted transactions.
The article explains why Paxful verified accounts is important. This article gives you tips for buying safely. We’ll also discuss the benefits they provide. We’ll explore how having a Paxful verified account can help you trade better in crypto.
Our services…
♦ Your account will be 100% authentic and verified.
♦ Your account will begin working instantly.
♦ Accounts that are 100% KYC verified.
♦ Verified using original SSN
♦ Verification of photo and identification.
♦ Addition of USA ID and number (works with US IP).
♦ Verify your bank account.
♦ Verification of Card
♦ Replacement system for 60 days.
♦ You can also get additional bonuses by contacting us 24 hours a day.
♠ Contact US ♠
Email: servicebuyusa@gmail.com
Skype: SERVICEBUYUSA
Telegram: @officialservicebuyusa
Whatsapp: +1 (520)344-4079
website:-https://servicebuyusa.com/product/buy-verified-paxful-accounts/
Thanks for such a unique product; I advise you to establish a suitable plan for your blog and start in the professional blog as a vocation; 510 thread battery Thank you so much for your kind words of encouragement and love.
Gacor slot site that always makes its players feel satisfied with playing, and this site is the best site that always gives victory to all its players, just visit this website https://bag-tu.fakfakkab.go.id/wp-content/site/polototo/
Discover valuable insights at AZINSEO, a top Internet Marketing Agency. Get here for helpful resources and boost your online marketing efforts.
Great article! I really enjoyed reading your insights. Looking forward to more posts from you! Vitamin C Hyaluronic Acid Serum
I am thoroughly impressed with your content and grateful for the ideas you’ve shared. They are incredibly valuable.
Link: https://pinoygaming.ph/96ace/
انتشارات پویش یک انتشارات معتبر در ایران است که در زمینه انتشار کتب و مقالات فعالیت میکند. انتشارات پویش با برگزاری نمایشگاهها و همایشها به ترویج فرهنگ کتابخوانی و ارتقای سطح معرفت جامعه کمک میکند. خدمات مختلف انتشارات پویش شامل انتشار و چاپ کتب، مقالات و جزوات میباشد. این انتشارات با داشتن تیمی متخصص و متعهد به کیفیت بالا و انتشار زماندار کتب مورد اعتماد خوانندگان است. لینک دسترسی به فروشگاه آنلاین محصولات پویش:
خرید کتاب کارامل عربی
thanks for the article iptv subscription
nice article iptv subscription
خرید کتاب کار ششم
Dead written subject matter, Really enjoyed examining . Star Wars character analysis
بهترین قیمت دفتر عربی
خرید آنلاین و استعلام قیمت کاربرگ متوسطه
Hey! Someone in my Facebook group shared this website with us so I came to look it over. I’m definitely enjoying the information. I’m bookmarking and will be tweeting this to my followers! Wonderful blog and fantastic style and design. togel deposit 5000
Your blog is outstanding thanks for sharing us. If you want to know more something about travel then Visit here
Joker123 gaming has taken the online gambling world by storm with its exciting and innovative gameplay. In this article, we will explore the world of gaming from a professional’s perspective, looking at the platform’s features, games, and overall experience. Visit here
This is an article about T20 Betting on 96in.com. It discusses T20 World Cup Betting and watching T20 Worldcup Live Score.96in.com/en/cricket/
Experience swift and reliable solutions with MNE Auto Keys, your trusted provider of Lockout Services in Westbury NY. We specialize in efficient key replacements and emergency lockout assistance, ensuring your peace of mind when you need it most.
QQmacan menjadi website online terkenal dan terlegend yang bekerja semenjak tahun 2018. Sebagai situs paling tua di Indonesia dan Asia, Net 77 Asia sudah sukses membuat rekam jejak terbaik antara beberapa pemain dan warga. QQmacan
link : https://heylink.me/toto5000login_/
Best Online Gambling Casino. Open link: https://xn--vh3bu19alvb.com/
idngg menjadi website online terkenal dan terlegend yang bekerja semenjak tahun 2018. Sebagai situs paling tua di Indonesia dan Asia, Net 77 Asia sudah sukses membuat rekam jejak terbaik antara beberapa pemain dan warga. idngg
bizknowledges
I am a new user of this site so here i saw multiple articles and posts posted by this site,I curious more interest in some of them hope you will give more information on this topics in your next articles.
pro88
Winslots8 menjadi website online terkenal dan terlegend yang bekerja semenjak tahun 2018. Sebagai situs paling tua di Indonesia dan Asia, Net 77 Asia sudah sukses membuat rekam jejak terbaik antara beberapa pemain dan warga. Winslots8
I find – Gulvafslibning | Kurt Gulvmand really interesting. I was wondering myself about this, but not anymore thanks to this clever explanation. togel deposit 5000
Avatarslot88 menjadi website online terkenal dan terlegend yang bekerja semenjak tahun 2018. Sebagai situs paling tua di Indonesia dan Asia, Net 77 Asia sudah sukses membuat rekam jejak terbaik antara beberapa pemain dan warga. Avatarslot88
The information you provided was very helpful. Thank You. https://childfund.id/meme4d/
Can you provide more examples on this topic? https://childfund.id/abutogel/