1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Thank you very much for this useful article kubet77
Great article, Thanks a lot pertaining to expressing This specific know-how. Outstandingly prepared content, only when most web owners presented a similar a higher level written content because you, the world wide web has to be superior position. Remember to continue! darmowe ogłoszenia
Thank you very much for this useful article kubet77
Zecommentaire Net excels in delivering timely news with insightful analysis, ensuring readers stay informed and engaged with current global events.
We still cannot quite think We could come to be sort checking important points located on your blog post. My children and i are sincerely thankful to your generosity and with giving me possibility pursue our chosen profession path. Just you important information I of your web-site. https://createmyholiday.com/
I visited a lot of website but I conceive this one has something special in it. dewapoker
Superbly written article, if only all bloggers offered the same content as you, the internet would be a far better place.. Lateral Elliptical For Home
I recently tried ordering from a Frozen Sea Foods Online service, and I couldn’t be happier with the experience! The variety of seafood available was impressive, and everything arrived perfectly frozen and fresh. It’s a great way to get high-quality seafood without the hassle of going to the store. If you’re a seafood lover, I highly recommend checking out Frozen Sea Foods Online for your next meal.
https://seaberryonline.com/subcategory-list
I came across your blog after i did a search for winter hair cair tips at Yahoo. I wanted to say thank you for taking time to create this site and letting me post. slot gacor
Mergulhe no mundo dos emocionantes eventos esportivos com a Mostbet, a principal plataforma de apostas online. Aqui você encontra a mais ampla seleção de competições de futebol, tênis, basquete e muitos outros esportes. Graças ao seu trabalho impecável e interface intuitiva, a Mostbet é merecidamente considerada uma das líderes na área de apostas online. Junte-se ao emocionante jogo agora mesmo em https://construcaoedesign.com/ e ganhe um lucrativo bônus de boas-vindas que permitirá que você comece com uma vantagem. Descubra o emocionante mundo das apostas com a Mostbet!
Learning how to communicate is just like learning how to ride a bike or type on a keyboard. If you practice and work hard at it, you can get better at it and it can make everything in your life better. 토토 디비
The things i have always told folks is that while looking for a good internet electronics store, there are a few issues that you have to take into consideration. First and foremost, you should really make sure to find a reputable along with reliable shop that has enjoyed great reviews and ratings from other shoppers and marketplace advisors. This will ensure you are dealing with a well-known store that gives good support and aid to their patrons. Many thanks for sharing your notions on this blog. abonnement iptv
These are some great tools that i definitely use for SEO work. This is a great list to use in the future.. Delta Math
I’m going to read this. I’ll be sure to come back. thanks for sharing. and also This article gives the light in which we can observe the reality. this is very nice one and gives indepth information. thanks for this nice article… Wellness Hotel Bangkok
These are some great tools that i definitely use for SEO work. This is a great list to use in the future.. Delta Math
thanks for provide this content. We are a delhi-based reputed car rental in Delhi with the availability of economical, executive, SUVs Luxury cars in affordable prices.
Youre so awesome, man! I cant believe I missed this blog for so long. Its just great stuff all round. Your design, man…too amazing! I cant wait to read what youve got next. I love everything that youre saying and want more, more, MORE! Keep this up, man! Its just too good. usamagazinelive
Your articles are inventive. I am looking forward to reading the plethora of articles that you have linked here. Thumbs up! alexistogel
Call Girls In Lahore with Images, So I am here and going to share useful tricks to book this service. I believe in the power of words the value of the words is more important when you go to spend a time with her just you have to use sweets word that can give you a good company than just you expected, it is a true that she has attitude of being a Call Girl because lots of people come to her and she does not care anyone, but when you use a valuable words before her then she will be glad and will behave so positive, manyCall Girls in Lahore Lahore are regularly facing the abusing words and they also abuse the clients.
When you use a genuine service, you will be able to provide instructions, share materials and choose the formatting style. Read More Here
That show what we truly are, far more than our abilities. kubet
온라인슬롯 파코슬롯사이트는 안전하고 신속한 입출금 시스템을 갖추고 있어 사용자들이 불안 없이 게임을 즐길 수 있습니다. 다양한 결제 수단을 지원하며, 입금 시 보너스를 제공하기도 합니다. 파코슬롯 바로가기
รถบดอัดขยะมูลฝอย
ได้แก่การตรวจสอบขยะมูลฝอย
I can see that you are an expert at your field! I am launching a website soon, and your information will be very useful for me.. Thanks for all your help and wishing you all the success in your business. hog roast hire
I can see that you are an expert at your field! I am launching a website soon, and your information will be very useful for me.. Thanks for all your help and wishing you all the success in your business.. hog roast hire
I’ve observed that in the world these days, video games are definitely the latest rage with kids of all ages. There are times when it may be extremely hard to drag your kids away from the video games. If you want the best of both worlds, there are lots of educational gaming activities for kids. Great post. iptv premium
My wife and i have been quite contented Edward managed to finish off his basic research through the entire precious recommendations he obtained when using the site. It’s not at all simplistic to just find yourself releasing helpful hints which often a number of people might have been making money from. And we also see we have got the blog owner to be grateful to for that. All the explanations you made, the straightforward blog navigation, the relationships you will help promote – it is mostly superb, and it is letting our son in addition to our family understand this subject is cool, which is unbelievably important. Thanks for the whole lot! iptv revendeur
I am glad to be a visitant of this double dyed web site, appreciate it for this rare info! iptv premium
fun88
M Fun88: เป็นเว็บพนันขึ้นชื่ออันดับต้นๆ ของประเทศไทย รวมบริการเกมพนันแบบครบวงจรและสิทธิพิเศษอื่นๆ อีกมากมาย.
Another standout is the Jolly Spaghetti, a sweet-style pasta with a rich tomato sauce, slices of hotdog, and grated cheese, catering to the Filipino palate. The Yumburger, with its tasty beef patty and special dressing, is a must-try, along with the Palabok Fiesta, a traditional Filipino noodle dish topped with flavorful garlic sauce, pork chicharron, shrimp, and egg.
https://jollibeesg.org/
thanks for provide this content. If you want to register in the process of the RERA Registration then you can file an application form along with fee and documents and for more queries call us at +91-9427557733
“Their glass balustrades create a spacious feel.” Wire Balustrade in Melbourne
In this great pattern of things you actually secure a B+ with regard to hard work. Where exactly you lost me was first in your specifics. You know, people say, details make or break the argument.. And that couldn’t be much more true right here. Having said that, let me reveal to you precisely what did give good results. Your writing is actually highly powerful and that is probably the reason why I am taking the effort in order to comment. I do not really make it a regular habit of doing that. Second, even though I can see a leaps in reasoning you come up with, I am not necessarily confident of exactly how you seem to unite the points which produce the actual final result. For now I will, no doubt subscribe to your issue but hope in the near future you connect the dots better. iptv france
I really appreciate the kind of topics you post here. Thanks for sharing us a great information that is actually helpful. Good day! slot
Hello everyone I want to use this Medium to say big thank to Fast Web Recovery Hackers for they helped me recover my stolen crypto worth $30,000 through their hacking skills I tried it I was skeptic but it worked and I got my money back, I’m so glad I came across them early because I thought I was never going to get my money back from those fake online investment websites .. you can also contact them via fastwebrecovery64@consultant.com
So, staying ทดลองเล่นpg motivated is also part
Hi there it’s me, I am also visiting this web site regularly, this website is truly nice and the users are actually sharing pleasant thoughts. akıllı bank
https://www.stahlrohr-fittings-flansche.com/duplex-stahl-uns-s31803-s32205-rohrverschraubungen.html
I haven?t checked in here for some time because I thought it was getting boring, but the last few posts are good quality so I guess I?ll add you back to my everyday bloglist. You deserve it my friend ratusawer
Slot site Top Ten Slot is a safe major online slot community site and is a popular slot game site with a diverse portfolio of online slot games. 탑텐슬롯
thanks for provide this content. Digital Marketing company in Jaipur offers Digital Marketing Services, SEO, SMO, PPC etc and help business unlock their brand and potential
💄 Love this! I found some amazing tips on makeup and cosmetics, including the best beauty products and makeup stores. Check it out Makeup stores
Thanks for sharing this information. I really like your blog post very much. You have really shared a informative and interesting blog post with people. Facebook
Your content is nothing short of brilliant in many ways. I think this is engaging and eye-opening material. Thank you so much for caring about your content and your readers 꽁머니
This is so good as warzyd. You should to check it out. He is amazing and can show what things like nobody else. Give him a chance a check. But except i really like your blog. Good job! iptv en ligne
THANK YOU FOR SHARING
https://777pubcasino.net/
To begin with, you’ll find that that you’re enclosed from free of cost content material; the fact is, this site is all the uk’s greatest cost-free articles and reviews company as well as by ” shopping “, you’ll certainly realize why this really is true. iptv revendeur
Kazi Minibus Hire offers quick & convenient service to book a minibus hire with driver. Choose from a range of seater options & confirm your booking! Kazi minibus hire with driver
Beneficial Write-up, My business is an enormous believer with placing reviews with web-sites to help allow blog site internet writers are aware that they’ve added in anything effective to help online! 鯊克煙油
In India, online public company registration services are transforming business incorporation. These platforms offer convenience by eliminating the need for physical visits and reducing processing times to a few days. They ensure transparency, cost-effectiveness, and real-time tracking, making it easier than ever for entrepreneurs to start and manage their businesses efficiently.
https://fervententerprises.com/