1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
나는 이것을 읽을 것이다. 다시 올게요. 공유해 주셔서 감사합니다. 그리고이 기사는 우리가 현실을 관찰 할 수있는 빛을 제공합니다. 이것은 매우 좋은 것이며 심층적 인 정보를 제공합니다. 이 멋진 기사에 감사드립니다 .. 오피뷰
I do think, an attempt and even gaffe in their life it isn’t just not doing anything a good deal more glorious daily life, coupled with suggestive. gelora4d slot
Now we know who the ssebnile one is here. Great post! Sora
Unlock incredible betting opportunities and big wins with 24kwinner, your ultimate gaming destination!
나는 훌륭한 유용한 리소스를 무료로 제공하는 비용을 이해하는 웹 사이트를 보는 것을 좋아합니다. 나는 당신의 게시물을 읽는 것을 정말 좋아했습니다. 감사합니다! 먹튀슈퍼맨
Some truly howling work on behalf of the owner of this website , dead great subject matter. Newport Residences
Thank you for the valuable information in this blog! I wanted to highlight that the PCSO e-Lotto platform and e lotto app provide a convenient way to participate in lotteries online. It’s a fantastic option for lottery enthusiasts looking for a seamless and secure experience. Thanks again for the insightful post!
The article you have shared is very interesting. I am really happy that I visit your webpage, and I am agree with what you said. Please keep sharing more
slot88
Mcafee customer support contact number 8444715234
mcafee customer service phone numbers 8444715234
phone number of mcafee 8444715234
mcafee support telephone number 8444715234
mcafee customer service phone numbers 8444715234
how to contact mcafee by phone 8444715234
mcafee help number 8444715234
McAfee customer support number 8444715234
McAfee Helpline number 8444715234
McAfee support number 8444715234
CNG Power is a leading provider of innovative and eco-friendly fuel solutions, proudly serving as one of the top Dual Fuel Kit Suppliers in Delhi NCR.
Get to your destination fast and relaxed. Hire Birmingham airport chauffeur service. Luxury chauffeur service Birmingham: Luxury cars, competitive rates. Book now. Instant Quote.
유익한 웹 사이트를 게시하는 데 아주 좋습니다. 웹 로그는 유용 할뿐만 아니라 창의적이기도합니다. 토토사이트
The X-PHY AI SSD offers advanced data protection with built-in artificial intelligence capabilities, making it a revolutionary AI SSD that ensures security against cyber threats. Its real-time threat detection makes the AI SSD an essential choice for safeguarding sensitive data.
It is a great suggestions specifically to be able to people not used to blogosphere, quick and also correct information… Thank you regarding revealing this place. A necessity examine write-up. chatgpt
Thanks for picking out the time to discuss this, I feel great about it and love studying more on this topic. It is extremely helpful for me. Thanks for such a valuable help again. Shriram Properties Electronic City Bangalore
This is actually the kind of information I have been trying to find. Thank you for writing this information. KLIKHOKI
360DigitalService is one of premier digital marketing agencies in florida, committed to boosting your online presence. Our team of skilled experts offers a comprehensive array of services, such as SEO, social media management, PPC advertising, and content marketing. Renowned as one of the top digital marketing agencies in the state, we leverage advanced technology and data-driven strategies to enhance your brand’s visibility and engagement. At 360DigitalService, we design personalized digital marketing plans to meet the specific objectives of businesses of all sizes, from small local enterprises to large corporations, guaranteeing tangible results.
흠 !! 이 블로그는 정말 멋져요. 정말 운이 좋아 여기에 도달해서 멋진 정보를 얻었습니다 스포츠중계 고화질
Uncommonly lovely association and mind-boggling creation. Goa Escorts I like to see this particular circulate this genuinely is a superb convey thank you for serving them.
If you set out to make me think today; mission accomplished! I really like your writing style and how you express your ideas. Thank you. demo slot
I learn some new stuff from it too, thanks for sharing your information. data hk
You really should take part in a contest for starters of the finest blogs over the internet. I am going to recommend this page! kiuversity
I see that you are using WordPress on your blog, wordpress is the best. 中史補習
나는 훌륭한 유용한 리소스를 무료로 제공하는 비용을 이해하는 웹 사이트를 보는 것을 좋아합니다. 나는 당신의 게시물을 읽는 것을 정말 좋아했습니다. 감사합니다! 카지노사이트
Your writing very well and provide a lot of useful information. But if you tap water more than half as compared to another article, I would definitely be great
cendanabet
Hello my friend! I wish to say that this article is amazing, nice written and include almost all important infos. I’d like to see more posts like this . 中國歷史補習
“Loved the fresh perspective in your latest blog post! Keep spreading positivity!”
JUST CLICKTHIS WI96
Your blog post radiates positivity and inspiration! Well done!”
Get a reward…CLICKTHIS PUB777
Thank you for sharing such uplifting content! Your words brightened my day.”
Want more…Just Click Pgasia
I want to thank you for your dedication in bringing you excellent content through this blog. Your articles always provide the answers I am looking for with clear and detailed explanations. Don’t forget to stop by other best sites https://pmb.akbidkonawe.ac.id/vendor/?king=berastogel
Your positivity and enthusiasm are contagious, thank you for sharing that with us.
zeus4d
Dedicated to providing high-quality, up-to-date information in a visually appealing and functional setting 4d
A trusted platform known for its depth of content, meticulous accuracy, and effortless usability slot 4d
나는 훌륭한 유용한 리소스를 무료로 제공하는 비용을 이해하는 웹 사이트를 보는 것을 좋아합니다. 나는 당신의 게시물을 읽는 것을 정말 좋아했습니다. 감사합니다! 제왕카지노
Combining clarity, creativity, and comprehensive coverage, this website stands out as a leader in its field 4d slot
Great website. Plenty of helpful information here. I am sending it to some buddies ans additionally sharing in delicious. And certainly, thanks in your effort! 中國歷史補習
Mibet là thương hiệu cá cược online uy tín trên thị trường hiện ngay, đặc biệt là ở Việt Nam. Hàng ngàn trò chơi hấp dẫn cùng vô vàn phần thưởng đang chờ đón bạn tại Mibet.
Website: https://mibet13.com/
Phone: 0389230430
Địa chỉ:40/4 Đ. Lê Văn Thọ, Phường 11, Gò Vấp, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Việt Nam
#mibet #mibet13com #nhacai #casino
Thanks For sharing this Superb article.I use this Article to show my assignment in college.it is useful For me Great Work. Cash Land Deals in New York
Mibet là thương hiệu cá cược online uy tín trên thị trường hiện ngay, đặc biệt là ở Việt Nam. Hàng ngàn trò chơi hấp dẫn cùng vô vàn phần thưởng đang chờ đón bạn tại Mibet.
Website: https://mibet13.com/
Phone: 0389230430
Địa chỉ:40/4 Đ. Lê Văn Thọ, Phường 11, Gò Vấp, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Việt Nam
#mibet #mibet13com #nhacai
나는 훌륭한 유용한 리소스를 무료로 제공하는 비용을 이해하는 웹 사이트를 보는 것을 좋아합니다. 나는 당신의 게시물을 읽는 것을 정말 좋아했습니다. 감사합니다! 짱구카지노
Mibet là thương hiệu cá cược online uy tín trên thị trường hiện ngay, đặc biệt là ở Việt Nam. Hàng ngàn trò chơi hấp dẫn cùng vô vàn phần thưởng đang chờ đón bạn tại Mibet.
Website: https://mibet13.com/
Phone: 0389230430
Địa chỉ:40/4 Đ. Lê Văn Thọ, Phường 11, Gò Vấp, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Việt Nam
honda4d has exceeded all my expectations. The slot games are not only entertaining but also offer generous payouts. I’ve won several times, and each payout was processed quickly and efficiently. The site’s security measures ensure that my personal information is always protected. Highly recommend
Once you have a clear connection to why you’re slotxo making content,
나는 훌륭한 유용한 리소스를 무료로 제공하는 비용을 이해하는 웹 사이트를 보는 것을 좋아합니다. 나는 당신의 게시물을 읽는 것을 정말 좋아했습니다. 감사합니다! 홀덤사이트
An excellent website with a wealth of information X500slot
Great article with excellent idea!Thank you for such a valuable article. I really appreciate for this great information.. The Myst
나는 훌륭한 유용한 리소스를 무료로 제공하는 비용을 이해하는 웹 사이트를 보는 것을 좋아합니다. 나는 당신의 게시물을 읽는 것을 정말 좋아했습니다. 감사합니다! 티비위키
Mibet là thương hiệu cá cược online uy tín trên thị trường hiện ngay, đặc biệt là ở Việt Nam. Hàng ngàn trò chơi hấp dẫn cùng vô vàn phần thưởng đang chờ đón bạn tại Mibet.
Website: https://mibet13.com/
Phone: 0389230430
Hi, I find reading this article a joy. It is extremely helpful and interesting and very much looking forward to reading more of your work.. kts wireless speaker in ksa
나는 훌륭한 유용한 리소스를 무료로 제공하는 비용을 이해하는 웹 사이트를 보는 것을 좋아합니다. 나는 당신의 게시물을 읽는 것을 정말 좋아했습니다. 감사합니다! 토토사이트