1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I loved reading this article. Your perspective is refreshing and well-articulated. top up free fire murah
Budgeting for LinkedIn ads? Costs can be flexible!
how much do linkedin ads cost
Wow, this post really resonated with me. Keep up the great work solo123
I’ve been trying to find a few first rate stuff at the concern and haven’t had any good fortune up till this point, You simply were given a new biggest fan!..
I’ve been trying to find a few first rate stuff at the concern and haven’t had any good fortune up till this point, You simply were given a new biggest fan!.. 樂威壯訂購
Look for stories that are real and true, not made up, because real stories are more interesting and enjoyable. 슬롯 가품
Create your character and explore a fantastic world in free to play blockchain based MMORPG. Ally with friends to fight the most dangerous monsters, and get a chance to find rare, and powerful items. NFTs online
OLXTOTO Rekomendasi Link Alternatif Bermain Togel Anti Blokir Terbaru
OLXTOTO adalah situs togel online terpercaya yang memiliki link anti blokir terbaru. Rasakan nikmat pengalaman bermain togel yang lancar dan mudah jepe di OLXTOTO sekarang juga.
https://165.22.105.188/
exciting submit. i have Been questioning about this problem, so thank you for posting. pretty cool post.It ‘s actually very fine and useful put up.thanks 犀利士
Impressed by the capabilities of AI search engines!
ai search engine
We have the most professional Escorts in Goa with whom you can spend quality time and enjoy your life like never before. You can choose Escorts in Goa online or you can visit our office to see the available girls for yourself. !!
Keep up the good work , I read few posts on this web site and I conceive that your blog is very interesting and has sets of fantastic information.
chen zhi prince group cambodia
Either create something interesting to read or have an exciting experience worth sharing. 종이바카라
It so cool site ทางเข้าเล่นสล็อต
Binance is the largest cryptocurrency exchange by trading volume, serving 185M+ users across 180+ countries. With over 350 listed Altcoins, … Buy Verified Binance Accounts
Ayo main di Situs KANCA4D yang sudah sangat terbukti oleh para pro player indonesia akan kegacoran nya yang selalu memberi kemenangan maximal .
Binance is the largest cryptocurrency exchange by trading volume, serving 185M+ users across 180+ countries. With over 350 listed Altcoins, … Buy Verified Binance Accounts
You will be delighted to learn that our Escort Delhi will present you with the most stunning and trendy females that are experts in their fields. They are well-educated, charming girls who offer genuine escort services to their clients. Call Girls in Delhi are high-profile models who provide exceptional escort services.
Ayo main di Situs KANCA4D yang sudah sangat terbukti oleh para pro player indonesia akan kegacoran nya yang selalu memberi kemenangan maximal . yang sangat bagus
Kubet 88 Thương hiệu hàng đầu trong lĩnh vực cá cược tại Việt Nam, mang đến cho người chơi trải nghiệm đa dạng với các trò chơi như xổ số, casinoo trực tuyến, cá cược bóng đá và nhiều hơn nữa. Đừng bỏ lỡ cơ hội nhận ngay 200k khi đăng ký KUBET88
that is just the statistics i am locating anywhere. thanks in your blog, I just subscribe your blog. that is a pleasant weblog.. https://www.online-levitra.com/goods/21
Nice post.
assignment help Sydney
Don’t wait until you think everything is perfect. It’s okay to begin even if things aren’t exactly right. Just start now and see where you can go in a year. 슬롯 가품 확인
When you are learning how to do marketing, it’s important to choose a specific industry and become really good at it. Focus on one thing and do your best in that area. 카지노 검증사이트
dukannstgolfen.de adalah situs toto togel dan togel online resmi terpercaya yang memiliki hadiah terbesar 100 juta di Indonesia. Ayo Gabung Sekarang Juga
The new Zune browser is surprisingly good, but not as good as the iPod’s. It works well, but isn’t as fast as Safari, and has a clunkier interface. If you occasionally plan on using the web browser that’s not an issue, but if you’re planning to browse the web alot from your PMP then the iPod’s larger screen and better browser may be important. Immediate Core
Hey there! nodrakor This is kind of off topic but I need some guidance from an established blog.
Is it hard to set up your own blog? I’m not very techincal but I can figure things out pretty fast.
I’m thinking about creating my own but I’m not sure where to begin.
Do you have any ideas or suggestions? Appreciate it
I love your blog.. nodrakor id very nice colors & theme. Did you
make this website yourself or did you hire someone to do it for you?
Plz answer back as I’m looking to create my own blog and would like to know
where u got this from. thanks
A Pumice Stone, derived from volcanic rock, is a natural and chemical-free cleaning tool renowned for its effectiveness in tackling tough stains, particularly in toilets. Its porous, sponge-like texture allows for gentle yet thorough scrubbing without damaging surfaces. Beyond bathroom cleaning, it’s prized for its exfoliating properties on dry, rough skin. With proper care, including sanitization by boiling water, it remains a long-lasting and eco-friendly solution. Explore Dwella for high-quality, eco-conscious Pumice Stones and other cleaning essentials. Experience the power of nature’s cleaning agent and bid farewell to stubborn stains with ease.
CE certification indicates that a product meets EU safety, health, and environmental protection standards. It is mandatory for certain products sold within the European Economic Area. The CE mark signifies compliance with relevant directives, enabling free movement of products within the EEA while ensuring consumer safety and regulatory adherence.
https://www.b2bcert.com/ce-certification-in-kenya/
The Wave 5.5KW Hybrid Solar Inverter is an advanced hybrid solar inverter, specifically designed to enhance energy efficiency for both residential and commercial settings. Enertech Hybrid Inverter
Revolutionize your customer relationship management with the Best CRM Software in Dubai. This comprehensive solution integrates advanced tools for sales, marketing, and customer service, ensuring exceptional performance. Opt for the Best CRM Software in Dubai to foster customer loyalty and business growth.
Great post! If anyone needs assistance with their accounting assignments, I highly recommend checking out Accounting Assignment Help. Their expert team provides clear explanations and reliable support. They’ve been a game-changer for my studies. Thank you for sharing!
next blog please..
Visit this link:
AW777 – Get Free Bonus up to P777 Daily | Sign Up!
Great pieces of advice! You are doing good and I like your blog post. Thank you for sharing.
The Digital Marketing Course in Noida by Digital Edge Institute is excellent for advancing your education!
digital marketing course in noida
sensa69
situs game online terpercaya di sensa69. kualitas grafik HD dan terpercaya. main di sini anda akan lupa waktu karena sangat seru. daftar sekarang di sensa69.
Impressed with how AI tools enhance SEO strategies!
ai tools for seo
I love reading this website articleneojago
Purva Tranquility Review a premium residential plotted project which offers you spacious 600 to 2400 sq.ft plots in Sarjapur Road, Bangalore
Purva South Bay a premium residential plotted project which offers you spacious 540 to 1500 sq.ft plots in Kelambakkam, Chennai
Concorde Thanisandra a premium residential project which offers you spacious 2 & 3 BHK Homes in Thanisandra, Bangalore
Concorde Yelahanka, Bangalore a premium residential project which offers you spacious 2 & 3 BHK Homes in Yelahanka Main Road, Bangalore
Preeti Aarna Ville a premium residential project which offers you spacious 2 & 3, 4 BHK Homes in Bangalore
I enjoy, lead to I found just what I was having a look for. You’ve ended my four day long hunt! God Bless you man. Have a nice day. Bye Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Panels
شاپینگ بگ، بگ تبلیغاتی، ساک خرید، بگ شاپ و… همگی به ساک های تبلیغاتی دستی اطلاق می شود که به سفارش فروشگاه ها، مراکز خرید، آنلاین شاپ ها و… تولید می شوند. از این نوع ساک ها برای قراردادن محصولات فروشگاهی و به منظور حمل آسان آن توسط مشتری استفاده می شود. چاپ ساک دستی برای آنلاین شاپ ها
A social media marketing company specializes in creating tailored campaigns that resonate with your target audience. They provide expert content creation, targeted advertising, and insightful analytics. Collaborate with a social media marketing company to enhance your social media performance and achieve your business goals.
One of the standout features of Jewel Cars is the provision of experienced chauffeurs with every ride. These professional drivers are not only skilled in navigating the best routes to Gatwick taxi but also provide excellent customer service. From the moment they attend to you at your pickup point, you’ll feel welcomed and well taken care of. The chauffeurs help with luggage, ensure you’re comfortable in the vehicle, and maintain a courteous and friendly demeanor throughout the journey.
One of the standout features of Jewel Cars is the provision of experienced chauffeurs with every ride. These professional drivers are not only skilled in navigating the best routes to Gatwick taxi but also provide excellent customer service. From the moment they attend to you at your pickup point, you’ll feel welcomed and well taken care of. The chauffeurs help with luggage, ensure you’re comfortable in the vehicle, and maintain a courteous and friendly demeanor throughout the journey.
Embark on an exciting adventure with SPRIBE’s Aviator game! Feel the rush of flying high and winning big. Dive into the Aviator game today and discover why it’s the ultimate thrill ride. Don’t wait—take flight and play the aviator game now!
Embark on an exciting adventure with SPRIBE’s Aviator game! Feel the rush of flying high and winning big. Dive into the Aviator game today and discover why it’s the ultimate thrill ride. Don’t wait—take flight and play the aviator game now!