1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Thanks for a very interesting blog. What else may I get that kind of info written in such a perfect approach? I’ve a undertaking that I am simply now operating on, and I have been at the look out for such info
토토사이트
Discover unparalleled companionship with Erotic Escorts London. Our exclusive agency provides access to London’s most sophisticated Escorts in London, ready to enhance your social and private events. Our commitment to discretion and excellence ensures a memorable experience every time. Visit our website for more information and to find your perfect London escort today.
This is very beneficial details! We have received entirely savored evaluating kinds information and have absolutely see a bottom line that you are ideal in terms of many. That you will be excellent. https://gamebaila.com/
I have read all the comments and suggestions posted by the visitors for this article are very fine,We will wait for your next article so only.Thanks! a course in miracles online
Wow, this is fascinating reading. I am glad I found this and got to read it. Great job on this content. I liked it a lot. Thanks for the great and unique info. Crypto Recovery Expert
thank you for sharing a great blog
Visit this link:
Hellowin – “Sign Up ” Claim Free bonus up to P999!
waiting for a new blog
Visit this link:
Hit the jackpot now click me!
Youre so cool! I dont suppose Ive read anything in this way prior to. So nice to get somebody with original thoughts on this subject. realy we appreciate you beginning this up. this web site is something that is required on the web, a person after some originality. valuable work for bringing new stuff on the web! Super Mario Game
Thank you for sharing… I love it… keep it up! Keep going! You’re so Great!
Get your Bonus Gift here – https://megaswerte.site/panalo999
Mp3 Song Download is a platform or service that allows users to search for, access, and download their favorite songs in MP3 format. Users can browse a wide variety of music genres, artists, and albums, making it easy to find and download high-quality audio tracks for offline listening.
Visit- https://www.pagalworld.com.so/
Thank you for sharing… I love it… keep it up! Keep going! You’re so Great!
Get your Bonus Gift here – https://megaswerte.site/panalo999
The #1 funeral wholesale from Europe | Dropshipping | Shop for cremation urns, coffins, funeral flowers, hearses and a lot more | Check our website
I would suggest merely successful along with sincere fact, and thus understand the: https://gamebaila.com/
What i don’t understood is in fact how you are no longer really much more well-appreciated than you may be right now. You are very intelligent. You realize thus considerably in terms of this matter, produced me in my view consider it from so many numerous angles. Its like women and men aren’t involved until it is one thing to do with Woman gaga! Your personal stuffs outstanding. Always take care of it up! Stem Cell Therapy
I really appreciate this wonderful post that you have provided for us. I assure this would be beneficial for most of the people.
Pellets for cat litter
Are you ready to explore the cutting-edge world of Bitcoin Synergy Bitcoin synergy erfahrungen
Great post, you point out a lot of topics that is very helpful. Keep sharing! https://pinoygaming.ph/pepe-miner/
MARKETSLOT adalah situs slot gacor maxwin hari ini gampang menang dengan market slot gacor terbaik dan daftar situs slot online slot88 resmi terpercaya. slot gacor hari ini gampang menang
Paus138 is an emerging online gaming platform offering a variety of games and betting options. Known for its user-friendly interface and reliable services, Paus138 has quickly become a favorite among online gamers.
It’s difficult to get knowledgeable people within this topic, however, you appear to be guess what happens you’re dealing with! Thanks comprar maquina de cartão
Thank you for sharing this very informative and useful article. Thanks
https://pinaskohan.com/jili123/
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. https://pafikabacehbesar.org/
i will set up my new concept from this submit. It gives extensive information. thanks for this precious records for all,.. Important news
thank you for taking the time to talk about this, I feel strongly about it and love mastering greater on this topic. If possible, as you benefit knowledge, might you mind updating your blog with more information? it’s far extraordinarily useful for me. World news
The web site is lovingly serviced and saved as much as date. So it should be, thanks for sharing this with us
토토사이트추천
I found your post on open houses selling inherited property in north carolina
and showings very insightful. Organizing a successful open house seems like a game-changer.
Thanks for sharing these valuable tips
Thanks for a very interesting blog. What else may I get that kind of info written in such a perfect approach? I’ve a undertaking that I am simply now operating on, and I have been at the look out for such info. https://pafikabacehjaya.org/
Are you ready to explore the cutting-edge world of Bitcoin Synergy bitcoin synergy betrug
Kindly fill me in as to whether you’re searching for an article essayist for your site. You have some truly extraordinary posts and I feel I would be a decent resource. On the off chance that you ever need to take a percentage of the heap off, I’d totally love to compose some material for your web journal in return for a connection back to mine. It would be ideal if you send me an email if intrigued. Much obliged to you! game bài uy tín
Thanks for taking the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love learning more on this topic. https://pafikabacehselatan.org/
La reparación de lavadoras se refiere al servicio de mantenimiento y arreglo de estos electrodomésticos esenciales para el hogar. Este proceso incluye la identificación y solución de problemas comunes como fallos en el motor, obstrucciones en el sistema de drenaje, fugas de agua, y problemas electrónicos o de control. reparación de lavadoras a domicilio
Glad to chat your blog, I seem to be forward to more reliable articles and I think we all wish to thank so many good articles, blog to share with us
먹튀검증
Really good write-up, Appreciate it intended for giving That expertise. Excellently published document, but only if many blog writers made available identical higher level of information since you, the online world is a significantly better area. You need to thanks! 16 wishes candles
A grade calculator
is a valuable tool for students and educators, offering quick and accurate grade tracking and predictions. Its user-friendly interface allows for easy input of grades and weights, helping users understand their academic standing and set goals. While it relies on accurate data and may not cover complex grading systems, its benefits in transparency and motivation are significant.
Last month, when i visited your blog i got an error on the mysql server of yours.*~,”* a course in miracles
Thanks a lot for sharing this excellent info! I am looking forward to seeing more posts by you as soon as possible! I have judged that you do not compromise on quality. murah4d
You are a very persuasive writer. I can see this in your article. You have a way of writing compelling information that sparks much interest. a course in miracles
Blogs ou should be reading… […]Here is a Great Blog You Might Find Interesting that we Encourage You[…]…… a course in miracles
I appreciate the entirety you have got added to my knowledge base.Admiring the effort and time you placed into your blog and special facts you offer.thanks. Mystery Box Drop
مع موقع “نمرة 10″، يمكنك البقاء على اطلاع دائم على أحداث مباريات كرة القدم في الوقت الحقيقي. تقدم لك المنصة تغطية شاملة لكافة المباريات، بما في ذلك الأهداف، التبديلات، والإحصائيات الدقيقة، مما يجعلك تشعر وكأنك في قلب الحدث، مهما كان مكانك.
thank for sharing this with all of us. Of course, what a great site and informative posts, I will bookmark this site. keep doing your great job and always gain my support. cheers for sharing this beautiful story 1xbet-farsi4.com
thank you for taking the time to talk about this, I feel strongly about it and love mastering greater on this topic. If possible, as you benefit knowledge, might you mind updating your blog with more information? it’s far extraordinarily useful for me. Yom9 news
Konjac pea rice is made from the konjac plant, a root vegetable that is 97 percent water and 3 percent fiber. Konjac based Rice with only 26 calories and 0g of carbs per serving. Best Low Carb Rice Supplier
I am extremely impressed together with your writing abilities neatly as with the structure for your weblog. Is this a paid subject matter or did you modify it yourself? Anyway stay up the nice high quality writing, it’s rare to peer a nice blog like this one nowadays. eros massage London
wooden kitchen cabinets are perfect your your home, they look good and can be cleaned easily., composite gates near me
In the future, due to the lack of resources on earth, humans conduct exploration of the universe in search of Gemstone containing greatenergy and high value. They sent Robots and equipment to another planet for mining purposes. They use the Monsters living in the galaxy to separate raw minerals into gems… The wars for gems in the galaxy are frequent and very fierce. Buy KABA
The #1 funeral wholesale from Europe | Dropshipping | Shop for cremation urns, coffins, funeral flowers, hearses and a lot more | Check our website
eros london massage
My brother suggested I might like this web site. He was once totally right. This put up truly made my day. You cann’t consider just how much time I had spent for this info! Thanks!
Exceptional content! I absolutely demonstrated a going through. I’m hoping to learn to read added away from you. There’s no doubt you’ll have beneficial awareness not to mention dream. My group is seriously pleased just for this important info. media walls Derby
We have a do-nothing-president I myself will not give him the honor of the title.. dried poppy pods