1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
So it is intriguing and great composed and see what they think about other individuals 슬롯사이트
I’m going to read this. I’ll be sure to come back. thanks for sharing. and also This article gives the light in which we can observe the reality. this is very nice one and gives indepth information. thanks for this nice article… slot thailand bet 100
Biomagnetic Therapy Training
Biomagnetism therapy from the International Center for the Study and Outreach of Natural Therapies, whose main objective is to promote the development of Biomagnetism therapy, Bioenergetics and complementary and natural therapies in general, both their study and their practice, encouraging their research, ensuring its prestige, proper use and compliance with its code of ethics and expanding awareness in society of the great benefits they provide us.
I have recently started a blog, the info you provide on this site has helped me greatly. Thanks for all of your time & work. Crush Roulette
website U888 hiện được đánh giá là một thương hiệu hàng đầu trong ngành cá cược trực tuyến, nổi bật với những dịch vụ đảm bảo chất lượng. Sự nổi tiếng của nhà cái này tại Việt Nam đang ngày một phổ biến hơn. Với tham vọng trở thành nhà cung cấp dẫn đầu trong lĩnh vực này, nhà cái đã không ngừng phát triển.
I appreciate the entirety you have got added to my knowledge base.Admiring the effort and time you placed into your blog and special facts you offer.thanks. Zen cortex
There you can download for nothing, see the first of these information 슬롯사이트
I would like to say that this blog really convinced me to do it! Thanks, very good post. alexistogel
유용한 정보를 공유해 주셔서 감사합니다. 파워볼게임
Gain expertise, credibility, and career advancement with our rigorous certification program. Elevate your skills and stand out in your field. I wanted to drop you a line to let you know that I find your blog informative and engaging.
Full Stack Development
Great information and nice article. Thanks for sharing with us!
https://fullstackcampus.com/
It Is The Best By Login Jagoan88 Daftar Link Terbaru Yang Bisa Diakses Dari Manapun Dan Kapanpun mpo slot jagoan88
In the vast landscape of the internet, where countless websites vie for attention, neal.fun stands out as a beacon of creativity and interactive enjoyment.
You understand your projects stand out of the crowd. There is something unique about them. It seems to me all of them are brilliant. acim
On that website page, you’ll see your description, why not read through this. slot
You make so many great points here that I read your article a couple of times. Your views are in accordance with my own for the most part. This is great content for your readers 바카라사이트
On this page, you’ll see my profile, please read this information. slot
Brigade Mount Road Chennai Thanks for a great post. I would like to read such post in future also.
website U888 hiện được đánh giá là một thương hiệu hàng đầu trong ngành cá cược trực tuyến, nổi bật với những dịch vụ đảm bảo chất lượng….
I think about it is most required for making more on this get engaged chewing gum removal Grimsby
Discover the Magic with Traveling Ears Vacations best family beach vacations
Such a very useful article. Very interesting to read this article.I would like to thank you for the efforts you had made for writing this awesome article. Guest posting
exciting submit. i have Been questioning about this problem, so thank you for posting. pretty cool post.It ‘s actually very fine and useful put up.thanks Renew
Most of the time I don’t make comments on websites, but I’d like to say that this article really forced me to do so. Really nice post! alexistogel login
Best AI Writer tool in the market. 100% Free AI writer tool – Regem AI
Excellent blog. Such a quality content. I love such content. Keep posting keep it up. Prime Pro Thermal Complex Brazilian Keratin Step 2 1L
First time i visited to your blog, and the information you have provided in the articles is impressive. Thank you for sharing useful material.
Airrite offers top-notch AC service in Dubai, ensuring optimal performance and energy efficiency. Their professional team provides thorough cleaning, maintenance, and repairs, extending your AC’s lifespan and improving air quality.
Thanks for the blog filled with so many information. Stopping by your blog helped me to get what I was looking for. Now my task has become as easy as ABC. a course in miracles
I admire what you have done here. I like the part where you say you are doing this to give back but I would assume by all the comments that this is working for you as well. slot qris 10k
دزرت , مرحبًا بك في متجرنا الإلكتروني، حيث نقدم لك أحدث منتجات دزرت، البديل الصحي والآمن للتدخين التقليدي بالتبغ. نفخر بتقديم تشكيلة واسعة من المنتجات المصممة خصيصًا Dzrt
Keep up the good work; I read few posts on this website, including I consider that your blog is fascinating and has sets of the fantastic piece of information. Thanks for your valuable efforts. acim
In today’s fast-paced world, stress is an unavoidable part of daily life. Whether it’s due to work pressure, personal relationships, or other factors, stress can manifest itself in various ways, including teeth grinding and clenching, medically known as bruxism. While occasional teeth grinding might not cause significant harm, chronic bruxism can lead to serious dental issues such as worn enamel, tooth fractures, and jaw pain. Custom night guards offer a simple yet effective solution to mitigate the damaging effects of bruxism. This comprehensive guide will delve into the world of custom night guards, exploring their benefits, types, and how to choose the best one for your needs.
you have done a great job. I will definitely dig it and personally recommend to my friends. I am confident they will be benefited from this. 오피뷰
Thanks for sharing. Always good to find a real expert. 오피뷰
When visiting blogs, i usually discover a very good content like yours alexistogel
I like this blog so much, saved to my bookmarks . alexistogel
Prestige Gardenia Estates is a prestigious residential development located in the upscale locality of Yelahanka, Bangalore.
Great post however , I was wanting to know if you could write a litte more on this subject? I’d be very thankful if you could elaborate a little bit further. Bless you! alexistogel
This is the first time I have visited here. I found so much interesting stuff in your blog, especially its discussion. From the tons of comments on your articles. I guess I am not the only one having all the enjoyment here! Keep up the good work.
Hair extensions
There is noticeably a bundle to understand about this. I suppose you have made certain nice points in functions also. how to hide subscribers on youtube
Ready to spin and win? Dive into our exclusive bonus bonanza! Get extra cash and free spins now with GBGVIP – your ticket to the ultimate online adventure awaits!
Feeling lucky? Take a spin on Dreamplay1 Daily Jackpot Wheel! Every day brings a new chance to win big prizes, so don’t miss out on your shot at fortune.
I am really enjoying reading your well written articles. It looks like you spend a lot of effort and time on your blog. I have bookmarked it and I am looking forward to reading new articles. Keep up the good work. 먹튀검증
Take a spin on Dreamplay1 Daily Jackpot Wheel! Every day brings a new chance to win big prizes, so don’t miss out on your shot at fortune.
Play on Dreamplay1 Daily Jackpot Wheel! Every day brings a new chance to win big prizes, so don’t miss out on your shot at fortune.
Wonderful article. Fascinating to read. I love to read such an excellent article. Thanks! It has made my task more and extra easy. Keep rocking. 토토사이트
Hey, I am so thrilled I found your blog, I am here now and could just like to say thank for a tremendous post and all round interesting website. Please do keep up the great work. I cannot be without visiting your blog again and again 오피뷰
https://www.tubos-bridas.com/sujeciones-de-acero-duplex-s31803.html
We are a trusted digital marketing and software development company helping businesses of all sizes to build a strong presence online and expand revenue opportunities with our innovative and growth hacking solutions that drive results.
Website Designing in Agra
Web Design in Agra
Web Development in Agra
IT Company in Agra
Software Company in agra
SEO Company in agra
Office No 4, 1st Floor, Upadhyay Complex, Kahrai Mod, Shamshabad Road, Agra, Uttar Pradesh India 282001
website:- https://kdsoftware.in
Mobile
+919761853561
+918384874946
You make so many great points here that I read your article a couple of times. Your views are in accordance with my own for the most part. This is great content for your readers. Technology