1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
During this website, you will see this shape, i highly recommend you learn this review. magyar online kaszinó
Welcome to the party of my life here you will learn everything about me. magyar online kaszinó
Superbly written article, if only all bloggers offered the same content as you, the internet would be a far better place.. kbc lottery number check 2022
This article is an appealing wealth of useful informative that is interesting and well-written. I commend your hard work on this and thank you for this information. I know it very well that if anyone visits your blog, then he/she will surely revisit it again antique display cabinet
Commomy Decor provides wall decoration solutions for families. We love our work and feel honored when we see our customers happy with the results of our products. We create solutions, manufacturing our decoration products, such as 3D Wall Decor Tiles, Backsplash Wall Tiles and Wall Decals. We have a wide variety of designs to bring unique styles to the walls.
Our values
Understanding our customers has been vital to us, because over the years we have been able to consolidate a business model where we have dazzling products, that can be adjusted to the economic limits of our customers and satisfy their design preferences.
Thanks to our motto “Make it easy, fun, and affordable”, we change the stigma of wall decorating and encourage people to purchase high-quality wall decorating products whose designs you will find with us.
how long will the backsplash tiles last
Really impressed! Everything is very open and very clear clarification of issues. It contains truly facts. Your website is very valuable luxury furniture
Thank you for taking the time to publish this information very useful! 토토사이트
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. 토토사이트
Studying in New Zealand forces you to take care of your assignments and project submission. For that, you can count Assignment Help NZ services. Under this platform, you can earn the support of a professional academic writer who helps you to finish your paper properly.
The post is written in very a good manner and it contains many useful information for me. 토토사이트
We can create powerful permanent dofollow backlinks to your website on Guest post for ranking your site on Google. Our Blog Post/Guest posting services provide you the high quality, natural links which will surely help you to site ranking on Google and get more traffic. You will a get Guest Posting on DA 91+ site. Niches: Education DA 91+ General DA 87+ Permanent Guest post
I really appreciate this wonderful post that you have provided for us. I assure this would be beneficial for most of the people. Web Site
Here, you can get sure shot facility to earn the top grade after the assignment submission. They know the valid approach and technique to satisfy customer’s query. It does not matter whether you want the simple or typical. Our assignment help team is active and positive spirit to answer each query.
https://www.assignmenthelppro.com/
Thank you so much as you have been willing to share information with us. We will forever admire all you have done here because you have made my work as easy as ABC. pgslot
This particular is usually apparently essential and moreover outstanding truth along with for sure fair-minded and moreover admittedly useful My business is looking to find in advance designed for this specific useful stuffs…
künstliche diamanten
Thankful to you for your post, I look for such article along time, today I find it finally. this post give me piles of instigate it is to a marvelous degree relentless for me. yummyhouse24h.com
Thank you for taking the time to publish this information very useful! sbobet88
I really appreciate the kind of topics you post here. Thanks for sharing us a great information that is actually helpful. Good day! ISO merchant services
Thanks for sharing this information. I really like your blog post very much. You have really shared a informative and interesting blog post with people.. 250 dofollow blog comments
Love what you’re doing here guys, keep it up you also go here: sbobet
Molten Sky Elopements award-winning and experienced Cliffs Of Moher Elopement Photographers, who are skilled and experienced enough to capture your memories and provide you with the right ways to make your days memorable.
This is an awesome motivating article.I am practically satisfied with your great work.You put truly extremely supportive data. Keep it up. 192.168.0.1
You’ve completed in excellent work. t suggest to my frtends ind personilly wtll certitnly dtgtt. t’m conftdent they’ll be gitned from thts webstte 메이저사이트
Akciğer kanseri, dünya çapında kanser ölümlerinin önde gelen nedenidir.
Sigara içen insanlar en büyük akciğer kanseri riskine sahiptir, ancak bu hastalık hiç sigara içmemiş kişilerde de ortaya çıkabilir. Kanser riski, içtiğiniz sigaraların süresi ve sayısı arttıkça artar. Sigarayı bırakırsanız, uzun yıllar sigara içtikten sonra bile akciğer kanseri gelişme riskinizi önemli ölçüde azaltabilirsiniz. Akciğer Kanseri
This is a really very nice blog and so informative, It gives us lots of interest and pleasure , 가상축구
Thanks for such a great post and the review, I am totally impressed! Keep stuff like this coming 토토사이트
well said its really apricated idea i really like this thanks for sharing this.I really located you by mistake, while I was watching on google for something else, Anyways I am here now and could just like to say thank for a tremendous post and a all round entertaining website.Top10Echo
This is really very nice blog and so informative, It give us lots of interest and pleasure
가상축구
Thanks for sharing such information with us due to which my several concepts have been cleared. 토토사이트
I found that site very usefull and this survey is very cirious, I ‘ ve never seen a blog that demand a survey for this actions, very curious.. 토토사이트
Very good topic, similar texts are I do not know if they are as good as your work out. AA Meetings
Sweet site, super pattern , real clean and utilize genial . boston terrier puppies
Great post, I appreciat website owners should learn a lot from this web blog its rattling user genial . boston terrier puppy
I am perpetually thought about this, appreciate it for posting . Cold Storage in Pune
You made some good points there. I did a Google search about the topic and found most people will believe your blog. Found your blog very interesting and helpful really appreciate it. I will bookmark it. Please visit affordable fue hair transplant los Angeles.
Nu bloggar hon vidare, en bloggare sedan 2002 boende i Karlshamn, gillar att skriva av sig om allt i livet och funderingar, träning och poesi.
I am perpetually thought about this, appreciate it for posting . Endodontics Course in India
akcebet , akcebet giriş , akcebet üyelik için sitemizi ziyaret edebilirsiniz.
betbaba , betbaba giriş , betbaba üyelik için sitemizi ziyaret edebilirsiniz.
Thankful to you for your post, I look for such article along time, today I find it finally. this post give me piles of instigate it is to a marvelous degree relentless for me. Rechtsanwalt Kassel
To lead a great career in data science, enroll in AI Patasala Best Data Science Training in Hyderabad.
Data Scientist Training in Hyderabad
I was seeking this particular information for a very long time. ✅ I also have some information related to this Topic on my website
why does Spotify keep pausing
เว็บสล็อตยอดนิยม
PG Slot Game เว็บสล็อตออนไลน์คุณภาพ ระบบสมัคร ฝาก-ถอน Auto รองรับ True Money Wallet สามารถทดลองเล่นสล็อต PG Demo ฟรี ทางเข้าอัพเดทตลอด 24 ชม.
Nice post. ✅ I was checking constantly this blog and I am impressed! Extremely helpful information specially the last part of this Directories
I was seeking this particular information for a very long time. ✅ I also have some information related to this Topic on my website
Paycap
The description of DriftHunters.
The most realistic car drifting simulator
Drift Hunters
– Over 25 awesome drift cars. Drive your dreams
– Detailed car tuning
– The best car customization. Paint your car in any color with 4 types of paint. Change rims, paint rims. Stance it
– Upgrade performance of your car – make more skids
– 10 nice tracks for drifting, racing or just doing burnouts
– Realistic drift physics
– Collect drift points and earn money
– Try different handling schemes
If you enjoy drift culture and jdm at all, be sure – drift hunters is for you.
Thanks for the marvelous post! ✅ I really enjoyed reading it, you might be a great author. I will certainly bookmark your blog and definitely will come back sometime soon. I want to encourage you to continue your great writing
Situs judi qq online
Aw, this was an extremely nice post. Taking a few minutes and actual effort to generate a top
notch article. 야한소설
Thanks for sharing this marvelous post. I m very pleased to read this article.
스포츠마사지
This is the proper weblog for anyone who wishes to be familiar with this topic. You know a whole lot its practically challenging to argue on hand (not that When i would want…HaHa). You definitely put a brand new spin on the topic thats been discussing for several years. Great stuff, just wonderful! cheapest panel