1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I like your writings, very informative. If you enjoy playing online games, come see us. https://gooboon.com/
Interesting! If you enjoy playing online games, come see us, https://zghxmy.com/
Very informative. Keep posting! If you enjoy playing online games, come see us. https://gooboon.com/
Great this site and its information is very well. สอบถาม hokabet Thanks for sharing information such a great another people guide.
A long post but very good and useful information. สล็อตออนไลน์ คลิปโต I read it all and feel great, thank you for sharing.
Für Ihren Urlaub die schönsten Ferienhäuser mieten. In Deutschland, Europa oder Übersee Vergleichen Sie unsere Unschlagbaren Preise. Ferienhäuser bei first-holiday de Ferienhäuser England
Thank you for your unwavering commitment to excellence.
sòng bạc microgaming
Prestige Kings County a premium residential plotted project which offers you spacious 1200 to 2400 sq.ft plots in Rajapura, Bangalore
Thai gacor slots are certainly a very exciting choice for online gambling players. With a fairly high win rate, players are increasingly interested in continuing to play this game. With attractive features and stunning graphics, the Thai gacor slot is very easy to win. For further information, you can visit this website http://p3.ti.politala.ac.id/thai/
Generally, treatment for eye strain consists สล็อต123 of making changes in your daily habits or environment.
Your article is a testament to your expertise and dedication to your craft.ใลน์หวยบี
Good aftie” i am a blogger too. and i can see that you are a nice blogger too, kontofuehrungsgebuehren.net
This is definitely an affecting take on this theme. Thanks, I’m happy you discussed your opinions plus inspiring ideas and I find I somewhat agree. I really welcome your clear writing along with the work may possibly have you spend working on this document. A great many thanks for this strong work furthermore great luck with your web-site, I most certainly I’m looking forward to new post in the near future. قیمت چوب پرده ساده عمده
nhà cái uy tín là địa chỉ giải trí an toàn, lành mạnh và chuyên nghiệp. Chính vì vậy, người chơi có thể yên tâm và thoải mái tham gia giải trí, làm giàu tại đây…
I really like your writing style, it’s different from others I’ve seen. Thanks for sharing and I’ll save this page for later. https://mukgumsa.com/ 슬롯사이트
My spouse and I stumbled over here coming from a different website and thought I might check things out. I like what I see so i am just following you. Look forward to exploring your web page yet again. قیمت ارده ۴۰۰ گرمی
I read a lot of stuff, and I found that the way of writing to clarify what exactly you want to say was very good. So, I am impressed, and I would like to come again in the future.
i like this type of websites.
I am also commenting to let you understand of the useful experience our princess encountered viewing your web page. She came to understand a wide variety of details, most notably what it’s like to possess a marvelous teaching nature to have the mediocre ones with ease learn about specific impossible issues. You undoubtedly surpassed her desires. Thank you for providing those warm and friendly, trusted, informative and even unique tips on the topic to Tanya. کنسرو برگ مو اصفهان
Excellent read, I merely passed this onto a colleague who was doing little research on that. And the man actually bought me lunch because I found it for him smile So let me rephrase that: Thank you for lunch! قیمت میز و صندلی پلاستیکی ارزان
Oh my goodness! an amazing article dude. Many thanks Nonetheless We are experiencing problem with ur rss . Do not know why Can not sign up for it. Possibly there is anybody finding identical rss issue? Anyone who knows kindly respond. Thnkx molokai mist strain
Setting up the WL WN530G3 AC1200 router is straightforward. Connect it to your modem, access the setup page via a web browser, follow the prompts to configure your network settings.
WL WN530G3 AC1200 Router Setup
wonderful issues altogether, you just won a new reader. What could you suggest about your publish that you made a few days in the past? Any certain? slot18
I really like your writing style, it’s different from others I’ve seen. Thanks for sharing and I’ll save this page for later. https://mukgumsa.com/ 바카라사이트
I really enjoyed reading this site, this is great blog. Plastic gift card
A cheap assignment helper provides affordable academic assistance to students. These services offer guidance, research support, and writing assistance across various subjects and levels at a budget-friendly cost. While cost-effective, they aim to maintain quality standards, helping students improve their academic performance without financial strain. Cheap assignment helpers are valuable resources for students seeking affordable academic support.
We appreciate the information you have shared; it is really helpful. For more details, please click the following link to our website. https://adamthielenjersey.com/
Disposable vapes have revolutionized the vaping landscape, offering a portable and user-friendly alternative to traditional vaping devices. These compact devices come pre-filled with e-liquid and are designed to be discarded once the e-liquid is depleted or the battery runs out torch disposable vape
Get top-notch coursework help online from experts who ensure timely delivery and excellent grades. Our service covers a wide range of subjects, providing customized solutions tailored to your specific requirements. Trust us for professional assistance that enhances your academic performance and relieves the stress of complex coursework.
I do not learn about you but experiencing any form of ‘transformation’ will not be as simple because it seems – neither is any type of ‘death and re-birth’ it truly is all as well painful. Insolvência de Empresas
I do accept as true with all of the ideas you have offered on your post. They’re really convincing and will certainly work. Nonetheless, the posts are too short for newbies. May just you please extend them a little from next time? Thank you for the post. Dumps Shop
capsule wardrobe
Hello! I’M MADISON. With a penchant for classic finds and a deep appreciation for iconic pieces, I curate a world where understated glamour reigns supreme. From tailored blazers to little black dresses, I believe that true style transcends fleeting trends, embracing grace and refinement that stand the test of time.
Great website , Thanks vietnam motorbike tour
Good work, I was doing a google search and your site came up for short sales in Casselberry, FL but anyway, I have enjoyed reading it, keep it up! aged care packages
Very instructive and good bodily structure of subject matter, now that’s user pleasant (:. electric fence malaysia
Jun88 là một nhà cái cá cược trực tuyến phổ biến và uy tín, cung cấp một loạt các trò chơi cá cược đa dạng như thể thao, trực tuyến, slot game, và nhiều trò chơi khác. Với giao diện dễ sử dụng và trải nghiệm người dùng tốt, Jun88 đã thu hút một lượng lớn người chơi trên toàn thế giới. Ngoài ra, https://jun88.vegas/ cũng cung cấp các chương trình khuyến mãi hấp dẫn và dịch vụ hỗ trợ khách hàng chuyên nghiệp, giúp người chơi có trải nghiệm cá cược trực tuyến thú vị và an toàn.
We still cannot quite think that Possible come to be those types of checking important points positioned on your webblog. Our grandkids and i also are sincerely thankful for your special generosity as well as for giving me possibility pursue our chosen profession path. Basically right information I managed to get from your own web-site. manhwa land
Hey, you used to write magnificent, but the last several posts have been kinda boring¡K I miss your super writings. Past several posts are just a little out of track! come on! dyslexia treatments
In France, the railway system is a cornerstone of transportation, with SNCF leading the charge by offering extensive services within France and neighboring countries like Spain, Switzerland, and Italy. If you’re planning to explore France or its adjacent regions, considering the Yacine TV Modify app can enhance your journey with convenient access to entertainment on the go.
Commercial property price in Dubai for rent vary based on location, size, amenities, and market demand. Research before leasing.
Terima kasih atas pandangannya yang baru, saya tidak pernah memikirkan hal tersebut sebelumnya. Genset Genpac Open / Silent Mitsubishi 1000 kVA GMI1000
Muted pastels. Shades like soft mint green, blush pink, or light lavender complement “Peach Fuzz” beautifully. Perfect for a soothing ambiance. ramo buchon con dinero
This is a good post. This post gives truly quality information. I’m definitely going to look into it. Really very useful tips are provided here. Thank you so much. Keep up the good works. kanban
I must show some appreciation to the writer for bailing me out of such a problem. After exploring through the internet and getting principles that were not productive, I assumed my life was gone. Being alive devoid of the answers to the difficulties you’ve resolved by way of this report is a crucial case, and the kind that might have in a negative way affected my career if I had not noticed your blog post. lactation consultant near me
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value. Im glad to have found this post as its such an interesting one! I am always on the lookout for quality posts and articles so i suppose im lucky to have found this! I hope you will be adding more in the future… Sekawanbet
Thanks for this Post, keep Sharing
Casagrand Vivacity
This is my first time visit to your blog and I am very interested in the articles that you serve. Provide enough knowledge for me. Thank you for sharing useful and don’t forget, keep sharing useful info: SEO agency
excellent post, i certainly adore this great internet site, maintain it uae flowers abu dhabi
I’m going to read this. I’ll be sure to come back. thanks for sharing. and also This article gives the light in which we can observe the reality. this is very nice one and gives indepth information. thanks for this nice article… info slot gacor
A very excellent blog post. I am thankful for your blog post. I have found a lot of approaches after visiting your post. jnetoto