1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
asdasd
The way you present the information in your blog is amazing. Excellent writing style and insights the blog.
Tata Mini Truck
wedding planners that are very committed to their jobs are very hard to find;; https://cancer-research.org/
Thanks for providing the information! If you’re interested in a game that offers real cash prizes, give this one a try!https://phgamingauthority.com/top646/
Wah, artikel ini sangat menginspirasi saya untuk terus berjuang dalam meraih impian! Terima kasih atas berbagi pengetahuan. Genset Genpac Open / Silent Volvo 380kVA GV380
Thanks for providing the information! If you’re interested in a game that offers real cash prizes, give this one a chanceee! https://phgamingauthority.com/top646/
The post is absolutely fantastic! Lots of great information and inspiration, both of which we all need! Also like to admire the time and effort you put into your site and detailed info you offer! I will bookmark your blog! phoenix marketing agency
Pretty good post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed reading your blog posts. Any way I’ll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you post again soon. Big thanks for the useful info. 누누티비
When you use a genuine service, you will be able to provide instructions, share materials and choose the formatting style. Classic Car Storage
I have realized that online education is getting popular because getting your degree online has become a popular choice for many people. Numerous people have not really had a chance to attend a conventional college or university however seek the increased earning possibilities and a better job that a Bachelor Degree gives you. Still some others might have a college degree in one discipline but would wish to pursue some thing they now have an interest in. daman games
Saya suka cara penulisannya yang ringan tapi tetap mengena. Semoga bisa membaca tulisan-tulisan seperti ini lebih banyak lagi. Genset Genpac Open / Silent Volvo 380kVA GV380
🏡 **Welcome to HomeLooks.com!** 🏡
Are you looking to add a touch of elegance to your home? Or perhaps you want to bring a splash of color to your living room? Look no further! At **HomeLooks.com**, we specialize in providing a wide range of high-quality rugs that cater to every taste and style.
From **traditional** and **medallion** rugs that exude a timeless charm, to **modern** and **geometric** designs for a contemporary edge, we’ve got you covered. Our **vintage** rugs offer a classic appeal, while our **runner rugs** are perfect for hallways and narrow spaces.
At **HomeLooks.com**, we believe that a rug is more than just a piece of decor – it’s a statement of your personal style. So why wait? Visit us at [HomeLooks.com](http://www.homelooks.com) and find the perfect rug that makes your house feel like home. 🏡
I haven’t checked in here for a while because I thought it was getting boring, but the last few posts are great quality so I guess I’ll add you back to my everyday bloglist. You deserve it my friend bagnall haus condo
ewrfwev fusion collagen
The statement continued, “We hope the world remembers him for his humor, laughter and love for everyone. We ask for privacy at this time as we are still processing this devastating loss.” 무료웹툰
Great article! Really appreciate the clear explanations and insightful breakdown of complex topics. Looking forward to more content from you! Free Games To Play!
Dec Master Cleaning offers top-notch house cleaning services Worcester, Massachusetts. Our skilled team is dedicated to providing meticulous cleaning services that exceed your expectations. With a focus on detail and quality, we ensure that your home is spotless and sparkling after our visit. Whether you need a one-time deep cleaning or regular maintenance, Dec Master Cleaning has you covered. Experience the convenience and professionalism of our cleaning services in Massachusetts. Let Dec Master Cleaning handle all your cleaning needs so you can enjoy a pristine and fresh living environment without any hassle.
Wow, setiap kata dalam artikel ini begitu dalam maknanya. Terkadang kita butuh diingatkan bahwa kehidupan ini indah, meskipun penuh dengan tantangan. Genset Genpac Open / Silent Volvo 380kVA GV380
Thanks for posting this info. I just want to let you know that I just check out your site and I find it very interesting and informative. I can’t wait to read lots of your posts. website design and seo company
This is good blog i like it thanks for sharing.
https://www.wpropertiesok.com/blog/the-cash-advantage-pros-and-cons-of-opting-for-cash-home-buyers-over-traditional-sales/
The the next occasion I just read a weblog, I really hope who’s doesnt disappoint me as much as that one. Get real, It was my solution to read, but When i thought youd have something intriguing to mention. All I hear can be a couple of whining about something that you could fix in case you werent too busy seeking attention. casino
Aw, this became quite a good post. In concept I have to put in place writing like that additionally – spending time and actual effort to generate a top notch article… but what / things I say… I procrastinate alot and by no indicates find a way to get something done. casino
wonderful post, very informative. I wonder why the other specialists of this sector don’t notice this. You should continue your writing. I am confident, you’ve a huge readers’ base already! casino
Wow! This could be one particular of the most helpful blogs We’ve ever arrive across on this subject. Actually Excellent. I am also an expert in this topic therefore I can understand your effort. casino
This unique web site is awesome. We continually come across something new as well as various appropriate here. Thank you for that data. casino
“I’m just writing to make you understand what a helpful experience my princess enjoyed reading through your web page. She learned a lot of pieces, including what it is like to have an ideal teaching heart to get other individuals with no trouble learn selected impossible subject areas. You truly surpassed readers’ desires. Many thanks for churning out such invaluable, healthy, informative and fun tips on the topic to Julie.” casino
Interesting post. I Have Been wondering about this issue, so thanks for posting. Pretty cool post.It ‘s really very nice and Useful post.Thanks patio cleaning
An interesting discussion may be valued at comment. I do believe that you can write more on this topic, may possibly not certainly be a taboo subject but normally persons are too little to communicate on such topics. To another. Cheers see here
I truly value this superb post that you have accommodated us. I guarantee this would be helpful for a large portion of the general population. maplay789
I think this is an informative post and it is very useful and knowledgeable. therefore, I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. 안전놀이터
I’ve lost track of time exploring all the cool features on this website. It’s like a never-ending adventure!
Ilmu
This is very educational content and written well for a change. It’s nice to see that some people still understand how to write a quality post.! rent storage container
Yay google is my queen aided me to find this great site! . bagnall haus showflat
Im no master, however I trust you simply made a fantastic point. You unquestionably completely comprehend what youre talking about, and I can really get behind that. Sydney Private Tours
Thank you for providing this beautiful content. I will surely share it with my friends and family.One of the Best Ayurvedic Medical College in UP
I felt very happy while reading this site. This was really very informative site for me. I really liked it. This was really a cordial post. Thanks a lot!. hifu treatment price
Sangat menarik! Saya merasa seperti sedang berdiskusi langsung dengan penulisnya. Makasih banyak! Genset Genpac Open / Silent Volvo 380kVA GV380
For a comprehensive petrol security service in California, our team provides expert guards and vehicles to ensure the safety of your premises. Our guards are highly trained and equipped to handle any guards and vehicles petrol security service califorina
situation, while our fleet of vehicles is maintained to the highest standards for reliable patrol and response. With our services, you can have peace of mind knowing that your petrol station is protected by professionals.
Great job! Your words have power to uplift. Keep shining your light for others to see. Ace Tractor
Explore the pinnacle of real estate excellence at Capital Smart City, where innovation meets luxury.
Good Life Pest Control offers reliable and effective pest control Abu Dhabi, catering to residents of Silicon Oasis as well. With a focus on quality and customer satisfaction, our expert team ensures thorough pest eradication for a pest-free environment. Whether you are dealing with termite infestations, bed bugs, or other pests, Good Life Pest Control provides efficient solutions tailored to your needs. Trust us to safeguard your home or business from unwanted invaders with our professional pest control Silicon Oasis. Enjoy a pest-free environment and a good life with Good Life Pest Control.
This is my first visit to your web journal! We are a group of volunteers and new activities in the same specialty. Website gave us helpful data to work. Cardarine.com
Wow this was amazing. I was just about to look for some expert and educative content like this, I am grateful that I have frequented here! maplay789
Incredible Article it its truly instructive and inventive update us as often as possible with new upgrades. its was truly important. much obliged. maplay789
Al Ameen Pest Control offers effective “mosquito control services near me“. Our dedicated team specializes in providing comprehensive pest control solutions to ensure your environment is free from mosquitoes and other pests. Whether you are facing a mosquito problem indoors or outdoors, our experts are equipped to handle it efficiently. With a focus on customer satisfaction and quality service, Al Ameen Pest Control is your trusted partner in pest control in Ajman. Say goodbye to mosquito nuisances and enjoy a mosquito-free environment with the reliable services of Al Ameen Pest Control.
Thank you for such a well written article. It’s full of insightful information and entertaining descriptions. Your point of view is the best among many. scaffolding agencies london
written article. It’s full of insightful information and entertaining descriptions. Your point of view is the best among many. scaffolding agencies london
Get ready to ride the wave of coolness at Trendy Forex News! We’re not just a blog; we’re your passport to the realms of news, celeb buzz, gaming wonders, and sports thrills. Join us for a rollercoaster of awesome as we bring you the hottest trends with flair and finesse.
Get erotic service and a female partner for a romantic night , We arrange affordable sexy escorts for fun and entertainment. Visit our website and contact us for more information.
https://www.puneescortsx.com
With a wide selection of interesting and exciting games, you can enjoy an exciting and amazing playing experience, here we have a very interesting online game site and of course it has lots of features that you can play, if you want to play please visit our website https://ttk15.com/