1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
A Stresser is a tool used to test the resilience of computer networks or servers by simulating heavy traffic or distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. It helps assess how well systems can withstand high levels of stress.
Poin-poinnya sangat logis, saya setuju. TRP Roller Chains RS 40-1
it is always easy to find good ski resorts online, but most of them are expensive but they are great anyway;; Auto and Brake Repair Near Me Overland, Mo
Saya suka gaya penulisan penulis, sangat menarik. Genset Genpac Open / Silent MTU 3000 kVA GM3000
Với các liệu pháp massage chuyên nghiệp và đội ngũ nhân viên tận tâm, bạn sẽ được đắm chìm trong sự êm dịu và sảng khoái.
Your blog post is user engaging and has a clear perspective on the topic. Keep sharing other interesting topic too.
Mahindra 4 Wheeler Truck Price
DANA55 is a trusted online betting site with the most complete and trusted RTP slot collection. DANA55 ensures players enjoy the sensation of playing with maximum wins today.
Thank you regarding offering latest revisions about the problem, My partner and i enjoy examine a lot more. Deck Repair Seattle
Thanks for sharing this fantastic piece! If you’re interested in a rewarding hobby that provides real financial advantages, why not give it a try?https://phgamingauthority.com/
Thanks for sharing this great piece! If you’re interested in a lucrative hobby with real financial rewards, you might want to give it a try! https://phgamingauthority.com/
뉴토끼‘s collection of classics is a treasure trove. So many legendary titles.
if you’re interested in a lucrative hobby with real financial rewards, you might want to give it a try! https://phgamingauthority.com/
Sangat membantu, terima kasih banyak. Genset Genpac Open / Silent MTU 2500 kVA GM2500
툰코 단행본 has reignited my love for reading. It’s amazing how these webtoons capture my imagination.
I love recommending my favorite webtoons on 툰코 만화 to friends.
Saya akan langsung mencoba tips ini, terima kasih. TRP Roller Chains RS 50-1
post you published have some great information which is quite beneficial for me.
สมัคร หวยบี
툰코 무협 offers a fresh take on the fantasy genre, with its unique setting and characters.
I’ve never encountered any issues with 블랙툰‘s website or app.
The community on 툰코 포토툰 is incredibly supportive and encouraging. It’s a great place to share my artwork.
Fashion is a dynamic expression of culture, personality, and identity. It evolves constantly, reflecting societal trends, historical influences, and individual creativity. From haute couture to streetwear, fashion encompasses a vast spectrum of styles, shapes, and colors, serving as a powerful means of self-expression and communication in the modern world.
https;//fashionflare.pk is a dynamic expression of culture, personality, and identity. It evolves constantly, reflecting societal trends, historical influences, and individual creativity. From haute couture to streetwear, fashion encompasses a vast spectrum of styles, shapes, and colors, serving as a powerful means of self-expression and communication in the modern world.
Saya akan membagikan artikel ini kepada teman-teman saya. Genset Genpac Open / Silent MTU 2250 kVA GM2250
I discovered your web page just recently through a recommendation and had a look at some of your articles. I like what you are writing about and I hope you keep up the good work. If you are interested in sharing some content or swap links do not hesitate to get in touch with me. 2024년 카지노
Informasi yang sangat berguna, terima kasih atas pembahasannya. TRP Roller Chains RS 60-1
Welcome to Leather Chaps Maker, the ultimate destination for exquisite leather chaps that redefine style and craftsmanship. As passionate makers of mens chaps clothing, mens leather chaps, mens western chaps, mens chaps shorts, women’s chaps clothing ETC…
Brownstone, also known as freestone because it can be cut freely in any direction.Appellate Lawyer
Welcome to Leather Chaps Maker, the ultimate destination for exquisite leather chaps that redefine style and craftsmanship. As passionate makers of mens chaps clothing, mens leather chaps, mens western chaps, mens chaps shorts, women’s chaps clothing ETC… https://www.leatherchapsmaker.com
daftar dan dapatkan bonus menarik dari situs slot gacor ternama DEWIHOKI resmi
Sangat bermanfaat untuk saya, terima kasih. Genset Genpac Open / Silent MTU 2100 kVA GM2100
промокод 1хбет казахстан..
1xBet предлагает широкий выбор бонусов и акций на 2024 год. У нас имеются специальные промокоды, которые позволяют получить дополнительные бонусы. При регистрации вы сможете получить фрибет бонус, который позволит вам сделать бесплатную ставку. Кроме того, мы предлагаем VIP программу лояльности с дополнительными преимуществами для наших постоянных клиентов. Присоединяйтесь к нам уже сегодня и наслаждайтесь всеми этими преимуществами!
Really unquie place, Thank you so much meant for posting The experience. Fantasticly penned report, anxieties most of folks given similar volume of material as you may, the online market place might be a a lot better put. Be sure to keep it up! Commercial HVAC St. Louis
Buy Verified wise accounts with real KYC info. Genuine documents & selfie with ID. So, I think you should buy wise accounts with documents from Buy5StarShop.com
🌐 Buy Verified Wise Accounts ✅
Considerably, the particular post is truly the greatest with this deserving subject. To be sure together with your results and also can easily thirstily look forward to Your own potential improvements. Simply just declaring thank you will, no doubt not simply just be sufficient, for your wonderful quality within your writing. I will immediately grab your rss to remain up to date with any kind of updates. Real perform as well as much success inside your company dealings! Headache Surgery St. Louis
Saya suka cara Anda menyusun ide-ide ini. TRP Roller Chains RS 80-1
update information about news, sports, gaming, etc at here
Thank you for some other informative blog. Where else could I get that type of information written in such an ideal means? I have a mission that I’m just now working on, and I have been at the look out for such information. Buy Psychedelics in California
This is important, though it’s necessary to help you head over to it weblink: Dog Car Seat Cover
Awesome article! I want people to know just how good this information is in your article. It’s interesting, compelling content. Your views are much like my own concerning this subject. Buy Psychedelics in California
Your article not only provided valuable information but also sparked introspection and reflection on my part.ติดต่อสอบถาม
Topik yang menarik, saya suka. Genset Genpac Open / Silent MTU 2000 kVA GM2000
NONA55 is the official Maxwin slot site and a list of trusted online slots. which is known for its collection of the best gacor online slot games. and also provides a profitable playing experience for maximum wins.
Online HTML Editor
powered by CKEditor
Online HTML editor user guideReal-time collaboration editor user guide
Online HTML Editor
Real-time collaboration editor
Switch to WYSIWYG editor
1
we will explore the art of pre-wedding photography in Greater Noida, highlighting the best locations, tips for a successful shoot, and the importance of hiring a professional photographer. So, let’s dive in and discover how you can create everlasting memories of your love story!
Clean HTML output on the go
Here are the 2 different editors available on this website:
• with direct access to edit HTML markup,
• with real-time collaboration.
With both editors, you can create clean HTML output with the easiest WYSIWYG editing possible. If you’ve already started writing rich-text content, all you have to do is paste it in onlinehtmleditor.dev, make your adjustments, extract HTML output from view-source mode and reuse it anywhere on the web!
More on CKEditor 5
Easy HTML editing
CKEditor 5’s HTML source code editing feature allows it to be used as an online HTML editor. It includes syntax highlighting to make it easier for you to follow code. It can be forced to accept any type of code includingtags by simply turning off the HTML filtering. You can also switch to WYSIWYG mode anytime to check how your code output looks!
Clean your HTML code
For situations where you would like to clean and fix up invalid HTML, you can use CKEditor 5’s source code editing feature as well. After switching to source code mode, all you have to do is to paste in your HTML and CKEditor 5 will automatically fix it. You can again switch back and forth to WYSIWYG mode anytime to edit content more easily.
Convert Word document and Google Docs to HTML
CKEditor 5 has excellent copy-paste with constant improvements. Whether you are copy-pasting from Google Docs, Word, Excel or LibreOffice, CKEditor will get you your exact content. This makes it better than any ordinary tool to turn your existing Word and Google Docs and LibreOffice documents to HTML. Simple as, paste your content, and click source code mode to see the HTML output.
Collaborative writing
If you’re looking for an alternative to Google Docs real-time collaboration, but you also need HTML output, CKEditor 5 is a go! You can use it to comment on selected parts of the content, text, images, tables or suggest edits with its track changes feature.
To collaborate with your colleagues or friends all you have to do is to share the link. Each time you load the page, a special document ID gets attached to the URL. Each document ID and its content stays active for an hour after the last user disconnects from it so you do not immediately lose your content. Also, there isn’t a limit for the number of collaborators!
Collaboration makes it easier to create your content quickly and efficiently. With CKEditor 5, where you write, comment, discuss and proofread the content are unified so you don’t lose time switching between applications to edit and discuss. If some of your collaborators prefer Markdown, CKEditor 5 has you covered there too!
Learn about CKEditor 5 collaboration features
Why CKEditor?
WYSIWYG editors in your software often misbehave. This is usually because they are out-of-date or simply are not reliable. Unfortunately, many developers opt for simple, lightweight, do-it-yourself-editors based on assumptions without doing proper research or testing for their individual use case. This leaves the end users frustrated.
However, both CKEditors are built with 16 years of experience in WYSIWYG rich-text editing by a team of 40+ developers. We consistently listen to user concerns, trends, new feature requests to help us build our editors. Architectures that can handle complex structures and the constant improvements makes the editors stronger than any other examples.
The best WYSIWYG Online HTML editor around
What sets CKEditor apart from other online HTML tools is its originality! There are many websites and articles that include lists of best online HTML editors. What these listicles won’t tell you is that although they have different names, many of the mentioned tools are simple implementations of CKEditor!
Now you’ve found the original online HTML editor! Whether you are looking for a quick online solution or to implement the editor in your own software, CKEditor will always provide you the latest and greatest WYSIWYG features. But if you are looking for some guidance on deciding which editor is the best for you, we can also help with that!
How to choose the perfect editor
Online HTML editor features
This section presents a whole variety of features that CKEditor has to offer
Styling and Formatting
The Basic Styles plugin provides the ability to add some basic text formatting to your document. It adds the Bold, Italic, Underline, Strikethrough, Subscript and Superscript toolbar buttons that apply these styles. If you want to quickly remove basic styles from your document, use the Remove Format button provided by the Remove Format plugin.
Copy Formatting
The optional Copy Formatting plugin provides the ability to easily copy text formatting from one place in the document and apply it to another. To copy styles, place your cursor inside the text (or select a styled document fragment) and press the button or use the Ctrl+Shift+C keyboard shortcut.
Removing Text Formatting
The Remove Format plugin provides the ability to quickly remove any text formatting that is applied through inline HTML elements and CSS styles, like basic text styles (bold, italic, etc.), font family and size, text and background colors or styles applied through the Styles drop-down. Note that it does not change text formats applied at block level..
Autoformatting
The Autoformat feature in CKEditor 5 allows you to quickly apply formatting to the content you are writing. While it can be customized, by default it can be used as an Markdown alternative. For example you bold by typing **text** or __text__ , create bulleted lists with * or -, create headings with #, ## or ###.
Block-Level Text Formats
The Format plugin provides the ability to add block-level text formatting to your document. It introduces the Paragraph Format toolbar button that applies these text formats. The formats work on block level which means that you do not need to select any text in order to apply them and entire blocks will be affected by your choice.
Tables
This plugin adds the Table Properties dialog window with support for creating tables and setting basic table properties, such as: number of rows and columns, table width and height, cell padding and spacing, table headers setting, table border size, table alignment on the page and table caption and summary.
Inserting Images
The default Image plugin supports inserting images into the editor content. This plugin supports left and right alignment. It also allows setting image border as well as pixel-perfect alignment (by setting the horizontal and vertical whitespace). Links can be added to an image easily from the Image Properties dialog. A file manager such as CKFinder can be integrated for image upload and storage support.
Pasting Content from LibreOffice
The Paste from LibreOffice plugin allows you to paste content from LibreOffice Writer and maintain original content structure and formatting.
Pasting Content from Google Docs
The Paste from Google Docs plugin allows you to paste content from Google Docs and maintain original content structure and formatting.
Pasting Content from Microsoft Excel
The Paste from Word plugin allows you to also paste content from Microsoft Excel and maintain original content structure and formatting.
Pasting Content from Microsoft Word
The Paste from Word plugin allows you to paste content from Microsoft Word and maintain original content structure and formatting. It automatically detects Word content and transforms its structure and formatting to clean HTML.
Source Code Editing
CKEditor 4 is a WYSIWYG editor, so it makes it easy for end users to work on HTML content without any knowledge of HTML whatsoever. More advanced users, however, sometimes want to access raw HTML source code for their content and CKEditor makes it possible by providing the Source Editing feature.
Code Snippets
This plugin allows you to insert rich code fragments and see a live preview with highlighted syntax. Its original implementation uses the highlight.js library, but the plugin exposes a convenient interface for hooking any other library, even a server-side one.
Embedding Media Resources
The Media Embed plugin allow to embed resources (videos, images, tweets, etc.) hosted by other services (like e.g. YouTube, Vimeo, Twitter) in the editor.
Spellcheck on the go
The SpellCheckAsYouType (SCAYT) plugin provides inline spelling and grammar checking, much like the native browser spell checker, well-integrated with the CKEditor 4 context menu. It uses the WebSpellChecker web services.
Online HTML WYSIWYG Editor © 2024 – all rights reserved.Terms of usePrivacy PolicyCookies policy
Penjelasan yang sangat baik, mudah dipahami. TRP Roller Chains RS 120-1
훌륭한 작업을 완료했습니다. t 내 친구 ind personilly wtll certitnly dtgtt를 제안합니다. t’m conftdent 그들은 thts webstte에서 gitned 될 것입니다 먹튀검증
Your dedication and hard work are evident in everything you do. You’re a true role model for others. Bostoto
완전히 흥미로운 블로그 게시 많이 감사합니다. 토토사이트
The clarity and conciseness of your writing make it easy for readers to grasp the main points. Well done! Blockchain Consulting Services
thank for dropping this story. I am definitely tired of struggling to find relevant and intelligent commentary on this subject. Everyone nowadays seem to go to extremes to either drive home their viewpoint or suggest that everybody else in the globe is wrong. thank for your concise and relevant insight. securespend
Wonderful and informative content.Good things to investigate. polkadot mushroom chocolate box Good luck and keep going! I find it useful to read these kinds of content.