1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Our powerful and dedicated teams of athletes at BEMH write reviews on the elliptical machines, Rowing Machines, and Spin Bikes from tens of global leading fitness equipment manufacturers. best spin bike reviews and tips
JUAJACKETS is a professional wholesale custom jacket supplier, customized jacket manufacturer, and fashion jacket exporter in China Jua Jackets
A very awesome site. agario unblocked at school game. agario
اخبار اقتصادی را می توانید در سایت خبری رصد روز دنبال کنید این سایت به روز ترین و جدیدترین اخبار را در اختیار شما قرار دهد برای دنبال کردن جدیدترین اخبار اقتصادی می توانید سایت خبری رصد روز را دنبال کنید.
万锦医美诊所 | 多伦多医美诊所 多伦多医美诊所 Mmedi Spa为你私人定制一对一医美方案,用专业的技术和高端的医疗设备为您带来安全有效的治疗。 https://mmedispa.com/
Very Informative! This blog is great source of information which is very useful for me. Thank you very much for sharing this! Ecommerce Website Development Services
Web scraping in the post-pandemic world changed the market and provided new tools for businesses to compete and leverage the disruption. https://datamam.com/web-scraping/
Web scraping in the post-pandemic world changed the market and provided new tools for businesses to compete and leverage the disruption. https://datamam.com/web-scraping/
Web scraping in the post-pandemic world changed the market and provided new tools for businesses to compete and leverage the disruption. | https://datamam.com/web-scraping/
Web scraping in the post-pandemic world changed the market and provided new tools for businesses to compete and leverage the disruption.. Data Scraping
exchanger24
Only our site can Bitcoin Exchange and CryptoCurrency Exchange at the Best Rates!
เว็บพนันออนไลน์ รูปแบบใหม่ รองรับอีสปอร์ต มาแรงที่สุดในเวลานี้ สำหรับคอเกมต้องไม่พลาด ฝาก-ถอน ออโต้ เว็บตรง รองรับไลน์บอท. เครดิตฟรี กดรับเอง
This is an awesome motivating article.I am practically satisfied with your great work.You put truly extremely supportive data. Keep it up. dm100 smartwatch
Of course, your article is good enough, Tàixỉu but I thought it would be much better to see professional photos and videos together. There are articles and photos on these topics on my homepage, so please visit and share your opinions.
I’m planning to go home and do this today, 스포츠토토사이트 and I’m so nervous that I can’t sleep, but I’m going to sleep. Good night. Sweet dreams.
Thanks for the sensible critique. Me and my neighbor were just preparing to do some research on this. We got a grab a book from our local library but I think I learned more clear from this post. I am very glad to see such wonderful info being shared freely out there. go to market strategy template
This is just the information I am finding everywhere. Thanks for your blog, I just subscribe your blog. This is a nice blog.. heathrow transfers
In this case you will begin it is important, it again produces a web site a strong significant internet site: Halfway House
joker gaming
United States of America
Joker Gaming 2021 เกมสล็อตออนไลน์ Joker Game ผู้ให้บริการอย่างที่ทางการของ Joker123 แจกเครดิตฟรี 50 Joker Slot ฝากถอนรวดเร็ว 3 วินาที
joker gaming
Thanks for posting this info. I just want to let you know that I just check out your site and I find it very interesting and informative. I can’t wait to read lots of your posts. harga Kusama
You there, this is really good post here. Thanks for taking the time to post such valuable information. Quality content is what always gets the visitors coming. harga SNX coin
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing blog that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. Harga koin EGLD
کتابفروشی های فارسی در آلمان را نمی توان در قدم به قدم این خاک یافت. کسی که اهل کتاب باشد همیشه برای یافتن یک کتابفروشی فارسی خوب، مانند همان هایی که در بازار انقلاب بودند، دلش تنگ می شود.
https://yaremehraban.eu/product-tag/suggestions
useful post! Nice words and brilliant design vape dubai
Joker1233 merupakan situs Joker388 apk slot deposit pulsa terbaru. Login Joker123 apk sekarang juga bisa deposit menggunakan uang pulsa. joker123
Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting? I’m pleased I discovered it though, ill be checking back soon to find out what additional posts you include. agario unblocked
Nice to be visiting your blog once more, it has been months for me. Well this article that ive been waited for therefore long. i want this article to finish my assignment within the faculty, and it has same topic together with your article. Thanks, nice share. heathrow taxi
I definitely enjoying every little bit of it. It is a great website and nice share. I want to thank you. Good job! You guys do a great blog, and have some great contents. Keep up the good work. ecommerce web design
I definitely enjoying every little bit of it. It is a great website and nice share. I want to thank you. Good job! You guys do a great blog, and have some great contents. Keep up the good work. ecommerce web design
Impressive web site, Distinguished feedback that I can tackle. Im moving forward and may apply to my current job as a pet sitter, which is very enjoyable, but I need to additional expand. Regards. heathrow airport taxi
I think this is one of the most significant information for me. And i’m glad reading your article. But should remark on some general things, The web site style is perfect, the articles is really great : D. Good job, cheers heathrow airport transfers
rans88
rans88 adalah situs judi slot nexus online, poker online, togel online dan bola online terpercaya, daftar rans88 sekarang deposit 10K di link alternatif rans88.
Affiliate marketing site for VR (Virtual Reality), Drones and 3D Printing devices and parts – https://gadsofgods.com/
v
Lemonade Cartridges G Pen, is well known for its energetic transformation. Like a match to the wick of a firework, the mind and body skyrockets. Buy Marijuana Cartridges in New Jersey
Thank you so much for sharing this great blog.Very inspiring and helpful too.Hope you continue to share more of your ideas.I will definitely love to read. cost of a fiberglass pool
Thanks for the post and great tips: even I also think that hard work is the most important aspect of getting success. สล็อต
magic303
Magic303 merupakan situs judi poker online dan slot online nexus engine server terbaru dan terbaik, daftar Magic303 sekarang di link alternatif Magic303.
Bahis severler için en çok kazandıran ve eğlendiren bahistek giriş adresi sürekli olarak kullanıcılarına yeni avantajlar sunmaktadır. En etkili kazançlar sağlamak isteyen bahis severler Bahistek güncel giriş adresine gelerek bu alanda kendileri için sunulan avantajlardan faydalanabilirler.
bahistek giris
Bahistek giriş adresi belli aralıklarla yenilendiği gibi kullanıcıların ve üyelerin platformun sunmuş olduğu tüm avantaj ve imkanlardan en efektif biçimde yararlanabilmeleri adına anında ve hızla güncellenerek kullanılma sunulur. Bahistek güncel giriş adresi ve tüm güncel bonus seçeneklerine ulaşabilmek adına platformun sosyal medya hesaplarının takip edilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir.
bahistek guncel giris
Bahis severler için en çok kazandıran ve eğlendiren bahistek giriş en efektif biçimde yararlanabilmeleri adına anında ve hızla güncellenerek kullanılma sunulur.
bahistek giris link
Bahistek güncel giriş adresi ve tüm güncel bonus seçeneklerine ulaşabilmek adına platformun sosyal medya hesaplarının takip edilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir.
bahistek bonus giris
https://157.230.33.30/idcash88/
IdCash88 Merupakan Agen Situs Judi Slot Online Terbaik Di Asia, Daftar IdCash88 Sekarang Juga Dengan Deposit Minimal Rp.10.000.
Your work is truly appreciated round the clock and the globe. It is incredibly a comprehensive and helpful blog. airport taxi heathrow
Efficiently written information. It will be profitable to anybody who utilizes it, counting me. Keep up the good work. For certain I will review out more posts day in and day out. nonton anime
It was a very good post indeed. I thoroughly enjoyed reading it in my lunch time. Will surely come and visit this blog more often. Thanks for sharing. website designing in karachi
joker
United States of America
Joker Gaming 2021 เกมสล็อตออนไลน์ Joker Game ผู้ให้บริการอย่างที่ทางการของ Joker123 แจกเครดิตฟรี 50 Joker Slot ฝากถอนรวดเร็ว 3 วินาที joker
Fabulous post✅ you have denoted out some fantastic points regarding✅
acupuncture northampton
Affiliate Marketing site for all gaming equipment – https://buyultimategaming.com/
Can nicely write on similar topics! Welcome to here you’ll find out how it should look. frequency generator