1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Kişisel blog, insanlara faydalı olabileceğini düşündüğüm, hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğum tüm Seo analiz ve tecrübesi olduğum soruların cevapları!!
https://www.kisiselblog.net/
Chastitytop is a global one-stop online chastity shop that you could buy almost all your chastity cages, chastity belts,chastity wears,chastity accessories etc.chastity cage
Revenue management in action involves dynamic pricing, inventory optimization, demand forecasting, and strategic distribution channel management. It maximizes revenue by adapting pricing and inventory levels to meet demand while leveraging data analytics and technology for continuous optimization. best personal injury attorney in virginia
Gratitude for building this send! I in reality understand the no cost info. KETO BASE Erfahrungen
I would like to show my thanks to you just for bailing me out of this problem. Right after researching through the world wide web and seeing strategies which are not helpful, I figured my entire life was gone. Existing minus the approaches to the issues you’ve fixed through your main guideline is a crucial case, and ones that would have in a negative way damaged my entire career if I hadn’t discovered your website. Your primary ability and kindness in playing with all things was precious. I am not sure what I would have done if I hadn’t come across such a solution like this. I’m able to at this moment look forward to my future. Thanks for your time very much for this impressive and result oriented guide. I won’t be reluctant to refer the sites to any person who should receive direction on this problem. KETO BASE Erfahrungen
Compare and Apply
for the Best Credit card
Credit cards are convenient financial instruments provided by the banks to the customers using which they purchase things without cash.
Vozol, tek kullanımlık puff Bar elektronik sigara, elf aroma çeşitleri ile güncellendi. Türkiye’nin ilk ve tek yetkili satıcısı vozolfiyati.com yayında.
https://www.vozolfiyat.com/
The visuals on this website are stunning, adding a delightful touch to the overall experience. Demo Pragmatik
Pretty nice post. I simply stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I have truly enjoyed browsing your weblog posts. In any case I’ll be subscribing to your rss feed and I hope you write once more very soon! PeniXmed
main dan daftar sekarang situs game online resmi klikslot login
jika anda ingin mercari situs slot online terbaik anda bisa langsung coba kunjungi situs kami di website
Find all golf club building supplies & repair tools at our shop. Elevate your golf repair shop with our top-quality tools. Make your clubs perfect with Mitchell Golf!
https://www.mitchellgolf.com/product-category/repair-tools/
game online slot rtp tertinggi hanya ada di nusagg gabung dan daftar di situs nusagg sekarang visit
Thanks For the post.
Best sexologist in Prayagraj
game online slot rtp tertinggi hanya ada di nusagg gabung dan daftar di situs nusagg sekarang visit
I must express my sincere admiration for this truly fantastic article. Its profound insights not only captivated my attention but also provided a thought-provoking journey. The engaging narrative skillfully weaves through complex concepts, making it both accessible and enriching. Your meticulous craftsmanship and dedication to delivering a compelling piece are evident. Kudos on a job extraordinarily well done!
For More – Lodha Ahmedabad
Attractive, post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to say that I have liked browsing your blog posts. After all, I will surely subscribe to your feed, and I hope you will write again soon! king single Mattresses
I am impressed. I don’t think Ive met anyone who knows as much about this subject as you do. You are truly well informed and very intelligent. You wrote something that people could understand and made the subject intriguing for everyone. Really, great blog you have got here. Blog comment
King Kong miracle honey with orange & herbs for men (pack of 12 servings – 10 grams each) is a traditional organic health food. Visit Paramount Collections.
https://paramountcollectionsllc.com/products/king-kong-miracle-honey-with-cinamon-herbs-for-men-pack-of-12-servings-15-gram-each
Mostbet ایک مشہور بک میکر ہے جو فٹ بال سے لے کر ٹینس اور باسکٹ بال تک مختلف کھیلوں پر شرط لگانے کے لیے کھیلوں کے واقعات کی ایک وسیع رینج پیش کرتا ہے ۔ وشوسنییتا ، سہولت اور اعلی سطح کی خدمت آن لائن بیٹنگ مارکیٹ میں سب سے زیادہ شرط لگانے والے رہنماؤں میں سے ایک بناتی ہے ۔ لنک پر عمل کریں اور منافع بخش بونس حاصل کریں: https://mostbett.pk/
Campaign ideas for fundraising are fundraising activities for a campaign, charity, or organization. For more information, visit Jay Townsend.
https://jaytownsend.com/campaign-fundraising/
Elevate your online experience with our cutting-edge website, delivering quality content and seamless navigation togel terpercaya
I must say, as a lot as I enjoyed reading what you had to say, I couldnt help but lose interest after a while. Its as if you had a wonderful grasp on the subject matter, but you forgot to include your readers. Perhaps you should think about this from far more than one angle. Or maybe you shouldnt generalise so considerably. Its better if you think about what others may have to say instead of just going for a gut reaction to the subject. Think about adjusting your own believed process and giving others who may read this the benefit of the doubt. Ultra Pure Water System
Woodenuknow embodies the essence of woodworking mastery, a symphony of creativity and craftsmanship that transcends the boundaries of conventional artistry. This mysterious term may conjure images of hand-carved wonders or perhaps bespoke wooden creations that defy expectations.
https://woodenuknow.com/home-write-for-us/
Immerse yourself in a world of excellence on our website, where innovation meets top-tier content for a superior browsing experience situs togel
Immerse yourself in a world of excellence on our website, where innovation meets top-tier content for a superior browsing experience situs togel
I must express my sincere admiration for this truly fantastic article. Its profound insights not only captivated my attention but also provided a thought-provoking journey. The engaging narrative skillfully weaves through complex concepts, making it both accessible and enriching. Your meticulous craftsmanship and dedication to delivering a compelling piece are evident. Kudos on a job extraordinarily well done!
Read More – Lodha Wakad Pune
Outstanding post, I think blog owners should larn a lot from this blog its really user genial . situs slot gacor
https://ivypodcast.com/spaceman-slot/ Adalah situs slot online yang sedang menjadi favorit di Indonesia. Dengan fitur-fitur yang mengagumkan dan keuntungan yang menjanjikan
Fule company as a manufacturer has produced orthopedics implants and instruments for 21 years, include spine, trauma and external fixation implants orinstruments. Orthopedic Implants
I love visiting sites in my free time. I have visited many sites but did not find any site more efficient than yours. Thanks for the nudge! quilts
Mahjong Ways dengan bangga menghadirkan game slot online paling gacor memiliki beberapa versi banyak maxwin.
Awesome article, it was exceptionally helpful! I simply began in this and I’m becoming more acquainted with it better! Cheers, keep doing awesome! garage door repair near me
I went over this site and I think you have a lot of great information, bookmarked (:. Window Glass Protective Film
situs slot gol33 gacor
When looking for a trusted online slot game site, slot games are the right choice. With a strong reputation, extensive game collection, guaranteed security, and exceptional customer service, we are ready to take your gaming experience to the next level. I really like it, and I look forward to hearing from you next. Thank you for the information about the most popular online games this year. For more detailed information, please visit our website for further information Dorahoki
moon pod chair moon pod chair reviews In my opinion, Moon Pod does mimic the sensation of floating in both the recline and lay down positions. It’s not so much that you feel like you. .
Windows 11 lisans
Experience a blissful break with Cloud Nine Massage at Gangnam’s TOP4. Endorsed by the Korean Massage Association, this therapy aims to elevate your senses to cloud nine. Skilled therapists create a serene atmosphere, ensuring a rejuvenating escape from the demands of daily life. 강남안마 가이드
I came across your blog and I’m really surprised with the content here Coffee Loophole
I like to recommend every subject material. It is often excellent to clear up you are going to demonstrate around thoughts out of mid but also image quality making use of this priceless subject material is rather easily accepted. 中文補習邊個好
Stay ahead of the curve with our dynamic website, boasting fresh perspectives and a modern aesthetic for a truly immersive online adventure bandar togel
I just found this blog and have high hopes for it to continue. Keep up the great work, its hard to find good ones. I have added to my favorites. Thank You. gb whatsapp
Good post of the day.เว็บพนันออนไลน์ดีที่สุด2024
Your content is nothing quick of brilliant in many approaches. I assume that is engaging and eye-establishing material. thanks so much for caring about your content material and your readers. Online Cart Store
Good write-up, I am normal visitor of one’s blog, maintain up the nice operate, and It is going to be a regular visitor for a long time. .Séjours en Grece 中文補習邊個好
It was a very good post indeed. I thoroughly enjoyed reading it in my lunch time. Will surely come and visit this blog more often. Thanks for sharing. guest posting
Great post. Thanks for sharing this information. Office Cleaning in London
I recently came across your blog and have been reading along. I thought I would leave my first comment. I don’t know what to say except that I have enjoyed reading.
情趣內衣
The very best report I came across time, create anything at all with regards to this kind of through this website. boat engine suzuki