1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I am energetic to find your perceived technique for forming the post. By and by you make it straightforward for me to fathom and execute the thought. Thankful to you for the post. 香港公司註册
When it comes to Best Online Slot Games Real Money, players are not only looking for entertainment but also for a fair chance at winning. Khelraja boasts a diverse collection of real-money slots, each carefully curated to provide a balanced and thrilling gaming experience. From classic fruit machines to modern, feature-rich slots, Khelraja ensures that players have access to the best in the business.
Sangat menyukai cara penulisannya yang ringkas dan padat. cuci mobil premium
info yang orang2 butuhkan ada disini, thank youu toefl itp online
I’m exhilarated I have taken the time to see this. It is not enough; I will visit your site every day. Regards Real Estate in Abu Dhabi
A debt of gratitude is in order for posting this data. I simply need to tell you that I simply look at your site and I think that its fascinating and educational. I can hardly wait to peruse bunches of your posts. 上門迷你倉
Transform your financial game! Transfer Funds from Crypto.com DeFi Wallet to Bank Account effortlessly with our guide. Streamline your journey between crypto and traditional finance, ensuring a secure and hassle-free process. Take charge of your assets – discover how to make the transfer seamlessly. Explore the ease of financial flexibility today
A fascinating discourse is value remark. I feel that it is ideal to compose more on this issue, it may not be a forbidden theme anyway ordinarily people are insufficient to chat on such points. To the following. Good health. 存倉
The data you have posted is extremely valuable. The locales you have alluded was great. A debt of gratitude is in order for sharing… 香港公司註册
This article is an engaging abundance of useful information that is intriguing and elegantly composed. I recognize your diligent work on this and thank you for this data. You have the stuff to get consideration. 存倉
Artikel yang sangat relevan dengan isu-isu saat ini. Genset Genpac Open / Silent Cummins 300 kVA GC300
This is extremely incredible work. Much thanks to you for sharing such a decent and valuable data here in the blog for understudies. 開香港公司
Hey what a brilliant post I have come across and believe me I have been searching out for this similar kind of post for past a week and hardly came across this. Thank you very much and will look for more postings from you. ifrs implementation in uae
This is a smart blog. I mean it. You have so much knowledge about this issue, and so much passion. You also know how to make people rally behind it, obviously from the responses. 買紙箱
My companion suggested this blog and he was thoroughly right keep up the phenomenal work! 成立香港公司
I was very impressed by this post, this site has always been pleasant news Thank you very much for such an interesting post, and I meet them more often then I visited this site. 購買紙箱
Terima kasih atas pandangannya admin jasa anti rayap kelapa gading
One thing I’ve noticed is that there are plenty of fallacies regarding the banking companies intentions if talking about foreclosures. One fantasy in particular is the fact that the bank needs to have your house. The bank wants your money, not your house. They want the money they gave you having interest. Preventing the bank will undoubtedly draw some sort of foreclosed final result. Thanks for your post. nhận định kèo hôm nay
Saya akan merekomendasikan artikel ini kepada kolega saya. jasa basmi rayap bogor
Actually your exploratory writing capacities has enlivened me to begin my very own Blog Engine blog now. Extremely the blogging is spreading its wings quickly. Your review is a fine 成立香港公司
Searching for the best smoothies in Auckland? Be sure to visit online Toss, home of Auckland’s top smoothie creations. Our best smoothie chefs use only high-quality, fresh ingredients to best delicious smoothies Auckland wide every time – we even offer catering throughout the Auckland CBD. We accept online orders and have a wide selection of delicious smoothie and juice options. At Toss Smoothies Auckland, we promise to have your smoothie ready quickly so you can take it on time and enjoy smoothie perfection. Get in touch with us right now if you have any questions about our services like the catering Auckland CBD.
Sangat mengapresiasi upaya penulis dalam menyajikan informasi yang jelas. penerjemah disumpah
website yang menarik DURALINK Roller Chains British 08B-1
Discover the finest Dubai professional photography studio. Our skilled photographers ensure stunning captures for your cherished moments.
Good composed article. It will be steady to any individual who uses it, including me. Continue doing what you are doing – can’r hold up to peruse more posts. 成立無限公司 手續
This is truly a decent and useful, containing all data furthermore greatly affects the new innovation. A debt of gratitude is in order for sharing it 開無限公司
Hmm!! This blog is really cool, I’m so lucky that I have reached here and got this awesome information. 搬運
I’ve had a crush on you for a long time. รถ แข่ง ล่าสุด
“I love the sense of community Craigslist Phoenix fosters. It’s not just a marketplace; it’s a place where locals come together, helping each other find what they need or sell items they no longer use.” craigslist phoenix
Goodness! Such an astounding and supportive post this is. I outrageously cherish it. It’s so great thus amazing. I am simply flabbergasted. I trust that you keep on doing your work like this later on moreover. 홈타이
just what most individuals’ desire. However, most of which have no idea of the inner thoughts and multi-step means of purchasing a fresh home 辦公室搬運
My companion suggested this blog and he was thoroughly right keep up the phenomenal work! 搬寫字樓
That is really nice to hear. thank you for the update and good luck THC Vape Cartridge
I’m amazed, I must say. Seldom do I come across a blog that’s both educative and engaging, and without a doubt, you’ve hit the nail on the head. The problem is something which too few people are speaking intelligently abou 마사지
You’ve completed in excellent work. t suggest to my frtends ind personilly wtll certitnly dtgtt. t’m conftdent they’ll be gitned from thts webstte. 購買紙箱
I am come here first time, I locate the ideal article. A debt of gratitude is in order for sharing fascinating and enlightening post. 開有限公司
This is sensible info! Where else can if ind out more?? Who runs this joint too? keep up the good work free autism assessment south australia
Its an incredible joy perusing your post.Its brimming with data I am searching for and I want to post a remark that “The substance of your post is magnificent” Great work. 買紙箱
IQOS Terea Heets Vape: Elevate your vaping journey with premium quality and enticing flavors. Satisfaction is redefined for vaping enthusiasts.
Wonder Home Finance is a leading housing finance company and accredited by NHB. The company offers multiple products such as Home Purchase Loan, Home Construction and Balance Transfer. Contact us to avail quick and flexible loan options at attractive interest rates with a simplified documentation process.
Informational blog
NottyBoy
I have added and shared your site to my social media accounts to send people back to your site because I am sure they will find it extremely helpful too. 購買紙箱
If you are looking for a top-rated NDIS service provider in Brisbane? Righteous Community Care provides exceptional disability transport services Brisbane residents rely on. As a leading NDIS service provider Brisbane wide, we help people access the community support all people deserve through the best plan for your needs. Our compassionate staff delivers personalized disability transport services to Brisbane trusts, including door-to-door pickups in reliable, wheelchair-friendly vehicles. Choose Righteous Community Care for the best NDIS service provider in Brisbane. Contact us today!
An interesting discussion may be valued at comment. I do believe that you can write much more about this topic, it will not certainly be a taboo subject but usually people are insufficient to speak on such topics. 프리리니지
I really like your blog. Great article. It’s most evident, people should learn before they are able to 買紙箱
Incredible insights! A big thank you to the Administrator for generously sharing this valuable information. I’ve explored numerous sections of your website and must say, your blog is truly exceptional. Please continue imparting these remarkable narratives. Your dedication to sharing quality content is truly appreciated. We are providing news and latest information about cryptocurrency, if you have any doubt about crypto we are here to guide you. For more information click here How to Buy Bitcoin From Byte Federal ATM? .
Hey I know this is off topic but I was wondering if you knew of any widgets I could add to my blog that automatically tweet my newest twitter updates. I’ve been looking for a plug-in like this for quite some time and was hoping maybe you would have some experience with something like this. Please let me know if you run into anything. I truly enjoy reading your blog and I look forward to your new updates 1인샵
Many homework on the continual hunt along with offstage on the road to winning. Definitely not attached, simple to-fall as a result of wayside; And not investigation, afterward into a path travel toward the black. 棄置傢俬
If you are currently utilizing QuickBooks 2018 and eyeing an upgrade to enhance your business operations, QuickBooks Desktop 2019 emerges as a notably user-friendly and effective version. Let’s explore the functionalities and enhancements of QuickBooks Desktop 2019.
If you’re looking for the best content marketing services for your business. Matebiz Pvt Ltd provides the best content marketing services, including blog writing, video production and more. Our service gets content writing packages that enhance sales and generate more qualified leads. Our best packages grow your ROI by increasing website traffic, leads, and revenue through SEO-focused content. If you have any inquiries about our packages for content writing or other services Contact us at this moment!