1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I truly awed after read this in light of some quality work and educational contemplations . I just wanna express profound gratitude for the essayist and want you to enjoy all that life has to offer for coming!. Phy 補習班
It was thinking about whether I could utilize this review on my other site, I will connect it back to your site though.Great Thanks. 佐敦補習
I want you to thank for your time of this wonderful read!!! I definitely enjoy every little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff of your blog a must read blog 物理補習班
VERTICAL TUFTING MACHINE WITH 1 FILLING TOOL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BRUSHES WITH PRE-DRILLED BLOCKS.
The machine operator manually positions the pre-drilled block in the filling area, using a mechanical pointer, which allows to locate the tuft-hole that the filling tool will fill. The brush holder consists of a simple plate for flat brushes and complementary equipment for the production of cylindrical brushes and disc brushes. The filling operation is enabled by a foot-pedal.
https://borghiindia.com/product/theta-manual/
TopGolf Prices: Elevate Your Entertainment Experience
Discover the excitement at TopGolf with a glance at TopGolf Prices. Uncover the perfect blend of entertainment and affordability as we delve into the offerings that make TopGolf an unparalleled destination for fun and relaxation.
I have to search sites with relevant information on given topic and provide them to teacher our opinion and the article. test disturbo borderline
Particular interviews furnish firsthand message on mart size, industry trends, ontogeny trends, capitalist landscape and outlook, etc. electric heater
Earnest Immigration and Citizenship Services Inc is a licensed Canadian Immigration firm supporting people worldwide to realize their Candid Canadian Dream and immigrate for the prospects of a better future.
Headquartered in Ontario, Canada, we deal with all immigration matters ranging from study permits to permanent residency.
Canada is an immigrant’s country. Team Earnest is made up of such immigrants who once were in your shoes. We understand the challenges a potential applicant faces and the umpteen questions that run into one’s mind when making a life altering decision such as immigration.
https://earnestimmigration.com
It is imperative that we read blog post very carefully. I am already done it and find that this post is really amazing. Best coding bootcamps Atlanta
This blog was extremely helpful. I really appreciate your kindness in sharing this with me and everyone else! 傢俬設計
oui mais non. Assurément car il est probable qu’on détermine de nouvelles causes qui certainement se référent de semblables chiffres. Non en effet il n’est pas suffisant d’imiter ce qu’on est en mesure de rencontrer chez certains articles autres puis le transposer tant simplement. Room for rent
Nice Blog.
Wish you all the best.
Best Regard.
JASA PENGASPALAN
he he i love catfights that is why i love Amanda Bynes. i think that she is a very humble woman too- 威而鋼
Hello! I merely would choose to offer a large thumbs up to the great information you could have here on this post. I am coming back to your website to get more detailed soon. تولید لباس ورزشی مردانه ژولید
This article gives the light in which we can observe the reality. This is very nice one and gives indepth information. Thanks for this nice article. duct cleaning Winnipeg companies
“Weedopedia: Your go-to guide for all things cannabis! Explore strains, cultivation tips, and stay informed on the latest trends. Elevate your cannabis knowledge today!”Wpd smoking store
Thanks for the blog post buddy! Keep them coming… Best gourmet sauce for seafood
I dont leave a lot of comments on a lot of blogs each week but i felt i had to here. Do you need many drafts to make a post? regisztrált jogosítvány vásárlás
I’m glad I found this web site, I couldn’t find any knowledge on this matter prior to.Also operate a site and if you are ever interested in doing some visitor writing for me if possible feel free to let me know, im always look for people to check out my web site. 토토사이트순위
Enjoyed reading this, very good stuff, thankyou . cake thc carts vape
hi, your site is fantastic. I truly do many thanks for operate Windshield Replacement in Glendale AZ
Thanks for sharing the info, keep up the good work going…. I really enjoyed exploring your site. good resource… wood grain steering wheel
We provide our clients with a large selection of girls. Our Lahore call girls are regarded by many as the most exquisite and endearing in the world. Our well-liked, attractive independent call girls lahore are polite, professional, and well-groomed. They have a terrific sense of humor and are simple to get along with. Lahore’s youthful, attractive females are at your disposal to satisfy all of your cravings.
In order to make your time in Karachi as enjoyable and unforgettable as possible, our call girl agency makes sure to present you with the most gorgeous, passionate, and romantic call girls. We have call girls near me that are the perfect option if you’re looking for something genuinely exceptional and different. Every interaction you have with one of our call ladies will be unique, we promise.
Use our free home delivery service and cash payment option to get the top best call girls in Islamabad. Your desires can come true with the assistance of our stunning and endearing women. Don’t hesitate; give us a call right away to experience the ultimate in pleasure and company from our gorgeous call girls.
What a beautiful train
http://farshkhooneh.com/shop/colaris-carpet/
Yes i am totally agreed with this article and i just want say that this article is very nice and very informative article.I will make sure to be reading your blog more. You made a good point but I can’t help but wonder, what about the other side? !!!!!!THANKS!!!!!! gourmet tartar sauce
Do you want to buy a car carpet? Come here
Learn about Islamic inheritance laws, rules, and distribution to ensure fair and legal wealth distribution in accordance with Islamic principles.
islamic inheritance rules
logística internacional
The CONTENEXT.COM company is an international transport company, air, maritime and terrestrial.
Thank you very much for the sharing! COOL.. office refurbishment services
Learn about Islamic inheritance laws, rules, and distribution to ensure fair and legal wealth distribution in accordance with Islamic .
islamic inheritance rules
I needed to write you that little bit of remark to help give many thanks once again with your striking solutions you’ve featured on this website. It was certainly extremely open-handed of you to grant publicly what exactly most people would have made available as an e-book to generate some profit for themselves, specifically seeing that you could have done it if you considered necessary. Those solutions in addition acted like a fantastic way to realize that some people have similar interest similar to mine to know good deal more related to this condition. I am certain there are some more enjoyable moments ahead for individuals who scan through your site. https://xo88.team/
i believe,Oftentimes any time you in some assume that mindset familiar with you, you should make sure he understands a great number of, multiple issues, actually these bankruptcies are not every in mates around you could not convey to Tải app VN58
sensa69
situs game terbaik dan terlengkap.Tersedia banyak pilihan game. anda bisa menikmati situs terbaik di indonesia.
Good post here. One thing I’d like to say is most professional areas consider the Bachelor’s Degree just as the entry level requirement for an online certification. Even though Associate Qualifications are a great way to begin with, completing the Bachelors starts up many opportunities to various jobs, there are numerous online Bachelor Diploma Programs available by institutions like The University of Phoenix, Intercontinental University Online and Kaplan. Another issue is that many brick and mortar institutions offer Online versions of their degree programs but generally for a drastically higher price than the providers that specialize in online degree programs. https://xo88.team/
I think this is among the most vital info for me. And i’m satisfied studying your article. However should commentary on few normal things, The website taste is ideal, the articles is in reality excellent . Excellent activity, cheers. Hướng dẫn chơi nổ hũ
computer repair in leesburg Fl
of course like your web-site however you need to check the spelling on quite a few of your posts. A number of them are rife with spelling issues and I to find it very bothersome to inform the reality however I’ll surely come back again. Hướng dẫn chơi nổ hũ
Discover the path to online financial success with Eternity Inc. If you’re seeking opportunities to earn money online and secure passive income, then explore the strategies and tips in our latest video. Follow the link for valuable insights on how to thrive in the world of online earning with Eternity Inc. Eternity inc
I’m very happy to examine this. This is the kind of guide that wants to be given and now not the random misinformation that’s at the other blogs. Appreciate your sharing this high-quality record. End Of Lease Cleaning Canberra
I am happy to find this post Very useful for me, as it contains lot of information. I Always prefer to read The Quality and glad I found this thing in you post. Thanks সমস্যা সমাধানের পেমেন্ট
Thank you very much for the sharing! COOL.. fire door inspections throughout the uk
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. fire door inspections throughout the uk
Banyak Kejutan Menarik Dengan Tampilan Lebih Baik Hanya di DOREMI4D
Keep up the fantastic piece of work, I read few blog posts on this web site and I believe that your site is real interesting and has lots of great information. Stunning
This is amazing…Actually I can’t consider attractive ladies jogging with regard to us president is that this awesome. I mean actually, We awaken for this and yes it is better than the particular best parts within information! Company Formations
เว็บตรงลิขสิทธิ์แท้ SKYBET66 แตก ดี แน่นอน สำหรับท่านใดที่กำลังมองค่ายสล็อตเล่นง่าย ทำกำไรได้จริง สล็อตแตกง่าย PG เว็บตรง ขอแนะนำ ให้ทุกท่านได้รู้จัก Slot PG ค่ายเกมสล็อต ยอดนิยม อันดับ 1 ที่มีผู้เล่นมากที่สุด อีกหนึ่งค่าย เว็บสล็อต pg แตก ดี แน่นอน 100% เว็บตรง ตัวเกมสล็อตภายในค่าย บอกได้เลยว่าเป็น เกมสล็อตใหม่มาแรง รูปแบบ 3 มิติ สีสัน ภาพ สวยงาม ชวนให้น่าหลงใหล เว็บสล็อต pg แตก ดี แน่นอน 100% ของแท้ บินจริงจากต่างประเทศ ลิขสิทธิ์แท้ ไม่ผ่านเอเย่นต์ มั่นคง ปลอดภัย ไม่มีการโกง พร้อมสามารถ เข้าร่วมสนุกเล่นเกม เว็บสล็อตpgแตกดีแน่นอน100% บนหน้าเว็บไซต์ ได้เลยทันที ไม่ต้องเข้าเล่นผ่านเว็บตัวแทนต่าง ๆ ให้เสียเวลา สะดวกง่ายต่อการเข้าเล่นเกม
ติดต่อแอดมิน LINE : @support66 (มี @ ด้วยน้า)
If feelings of rage or anger bubble Nigoal quickly to the surface,
This is really a nice and informative, containing all information and also has a great impact on the new technology. Thanks for sharing it Private Aircraft Maintenance