1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Quotex is a place where You can grow and pump Your skills to the next level. Quick Start. Quotex is a transparent platform with.. quotex
That is the good article . look forward for more
also know about your astrological signs and future with us
online Astrologer in Bangalore
This article gives the light in which we can observe the reality. This is very nice one and gives indepth information. Thanks for this nice article. 메이저놀이터
Welcome to PropertyHeads – where homeowners, tenants, and property professionals unite! Discover the best estate agents, tradespeople, and more for your property needs. Join the fastest-growing property community in the UK. Explore Properties To Rent in Wickford Essex and unlock a world of real estate possibilities with us!
Welcome to PropertyHeads – where homeowners, tenants, and property professionals unite! Discover the best estate agents, tradespeople, and more for your property needs. Join the fastest-growing property community in the UK. Explore Properties To Rent in Wickford Essex and unlock a world of real estate possibilities with us!
Unlocking E-commerce Success: Navigating Revenue Management with our Distinctive Range of High-Quality and Affordable Sex Dolls.
Welcome to Frontline Black Car, your premier transportation partner for a sophisticated and seamless travel experience. At Frontline Black Car, we redefine luxury transportation with a commitment to excellence, reliability, and unparalleled customer service.
https://www.frontlineblackcar.com/
Smart living encompasses a wide range of applications, including home automation, wearable devices, energy management, health monitoring, and more. Smart living and Technology
New arrival smart biometric door lock stylish design luxury smart door lock direct Wi-Fi no need for a bridge offer 6 unlocking entry modes equipped with 3D face recognition new technology / Biometric Fingerprint/Card/ Smart phone APP/Touch Keypad Passcode/Mechanical Key suitable for wooden door steel door , rental properties etc,. First Class equipped with Built-in Doorbell & Camera with instant notification feature when doorbell pressed to smart phone.
Cardiology Bangladesh : First Cardiac Health Blog in Bangladesh
Domain.ly
toto togel 4d
Blog ini benar-benar memberikan wawasan baru tentang topik yang sedang tren. Pembasmi Rayap Bogor
The emergent stage is where the problem is PG SLOT just beginning to happen.
Was this helpful ? Share with your friends !!
JILI SLOT
Terima kasih atas sharingnya! Saya sudah menambah pengetahuan saya setelah membaca ini. Pembasmi Rayap BSD
Saya setuju sepenuhnya dengan pandangan Anda tentang hal ini. Sangat informatif! Pembasmi Rayap Jakarta Pusat
Artikel yang sangat bagus dan mudah dimengerti. jasa penerjemah thailand
Excellent Blog! I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this post.
굿모닝토토 도메인
Menakjubkan! Saya tidak sabar untuk membaca lebih banyak dari Anda di masa depan. jasa anti rayap jakarta barat
Baba Parfum
Saya akan membagikan ini dengan teman-teman saya. jasa penerjemah rusia
Please come and visit my site hope you will like it 🙂
DAFTAR AKUN GACOR
I am hoping the same best effort from you in the future as well. In fact your creative writing skills has inspired me. 안전놀이터
Thank you for creating a positive and welcoming community Hobislot77 .
Web design is the art of creating visually appealing and functional websites, marrying aesthetics with user experience. It involves a delicate balance of layout, colors, typography, and interactive elements to convey information effectively. Designers employ various tools and techniques, ensuring seamless navigation and accessibility across different devices for an optimal user journey.
Web Design
Baba Parfum – parfum Wanita Terbaik
Pembahasan Anda sangat relevan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Terima kasih banyak! jasa anti rayap jakarta utara
Innovation and Endorsements: One of Nike’s key success factors lies in its continuous pursuit of technological advancements. The company has introduced groundbreaking technologies such as Air cushioning, Flyknit, and Dri-FIT, קלווין קליין setting industry standards for comfort and performance. Equally important has been Nike’s strategic partnerships and athlete endorsements, with legends like Michael Jordan and LeBron James becoming integral to the brand’s identity.
Penjelasannya sangat jelas dan informatif. jasa penerjemah belanda
Nice and informative post, Thanks for sharing this.Visit mү web blog ทางเข้า 789betting Thank you very much.
Saya akan membagikan ini kepada teman-teman saya. harga hidrolik cuci mobil bekas
perspective sharing this great one thanks for.
คาสิโนออนไลน์เว็บหลัก
Woccy is one of the best online shopping websites that offer you the best quality ladies fancy chappals at your doorstep. Our new model ladies fancy chappals are made of lightweight materials. We work with the latest techniques and machinery to deliver the best quality products in less time. To buy new model ladies chappals online, you should visit Woccy.
An insightful exploration of the railway industry in France! It’s fascinating to see how various countries tackle the challenges of managing their railway systems. While reading this, I couldn’t help but think about the efficiency required not only in transportation but also in our everyday lives. Speaking of efficiency, if you ever find yourself in need of top-notch services, particularly Washing Machine Repair in Gurgaon, where every minute counts, I highly recommend prioritizing reliability. Just as France optimizes its railways, Gurgaon residents seek precision and expertise in appliance repairs. Kudos on shedding light on such diverse and essential topics!
kingasia77
Non rimanete al verde. Questa potrebbe essere la tua unica possibilità di diventare milionario. Cercateci ora : pgslot
This is amazing article you have shared. 789 สมัคร this useful content i shared with my friend.
This blog was extremely helpful. I really appreciate your kindness in sharing this with me and everyone else!
Rice
Saya suka cara Anda merinci setiap poin. Sangat membantu untuk memahami dengan baik. jasa anti rayap jakarta timur
I read that Post and got it fine and informative. Please share more like that… 메이저놀이터
I definitely enjoying every little bit of it. It is a great website and nice share. I want to thank you. Good job! You guys do a great blog, and have some great contents. Keep up the good work
أرز
I do now not harbor which i couldn’t cast off different individuals’ mistakes when it come to. Special education
I got what you intend, saved to my bookmarks , very decent website .artikel pendidikan
Sangat berguna untuk pemula seperti saya. jasa penerjemah china
Terima kasih atas wawasan yang berharga. harga hidrolis cuci mobil
Apa yang Anda tulis benar-benar memotivasi saya. Terima kasih banyak atas inspirasinya. jasa anti rayap jakarta selatan
Im Markenrecht, Wettbewerbsrecht, Designrecht und Urheberrecht sind wir hart in der Sache, aber verständlich im Ton. Wir sprechen mit Ihnen auf Augenhöhe und in verständlichen Worten.
Markenanwalt Robert Meyen ist Rechtsanwalt und Fachanwalt für gewerblichen Rechtsschutz. Der Fachanwaltstitel umfasst die Bereiche Markenrecht, Designrecht und Wettbewerbsrecht. Unser Fokus liegt außerdem auf dem Urheberrecht.
Wir arbeiten hart dafür, für Sie das maximale Ergebnis zu erzielen. Unser Versprechen: wir scheuen keinen Aufwand, wenn es der Sache dient, aber wir produzieren keinen Aufwand, der nur dem Anwalt dient.
Wir sind jedoch der Ansicht, dass gute Arbeit auch Ihren Preis hat. !
Rise of Online Sports Betting: The digital era has transformed the landscape of sports betting, offering a seamless and accessible experience to fans across the globe. India, being a cricket-crazy nation, has witnessed a surge in the popularity of Online cricket betting app in India
Tulisan yang sangat berbobot dan mudah dipahami. Terima kasih atas kerja keras Anda! jasa anti rayap jakarta pusat