1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
토토 Great internet site! It looks very expert! Keep up the
good work!
스포츠토토 I am in fact pleased to read this web site posts which contains plenty of helpful information, thanks for providing these
information.
슬롯 This article is genuinely a nice one it helps new web users, who are wishing for blogging.
Woah! I’m really enjoying the template/theme of this
blog. It’s simple, yet effective. A lot of times it’s difficult to get that ” perfect balance ” between user friendliness and appearance.
I must say you have done a awesome job with this.
In addition, the blog loads extremely fast for me on Internet
explorer. Outstanding Blog! 안전놀이터
I am regular visitor, how are you everybody?
This post posted at this web page is truly good. 온라인카지노
TamilDhool Watch Collection of Tamil Serials and TV Shows
Watch your favorite Tamil serials and TV shows in HD on TamilDhool. Check out Tamil Dhool and enjoy the latest programs in HD quality, from Vijay TV.Watch Tamil serials and TV shows in HD on TamilDhool. Enjoy your favorite Vijay TV, Sun TV, Zee Tamil on Tamil Dhool❤️
TamilDhool
Simple apps with basic functionality will generally cost less than complex apps with advanced features. Consider the number of features, user interactions, and integrations your app requires. A well-designed and App development company Toronto user-friendly app often requires more effort and expertise. Investing in a quality user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) design can impact the overall cost.
excellent info! I latterly got here througt at all. Quite unusual. Is probably to realize it for people who upload boards or something, internet site subject matter . A tones manner in your patron to speak. First rate mission seo service london
Wow, cool post. I’d like to write like this too – taking time and real hard work to make a great article… but I put things off too much and never seem to get started. Thanks though. สมัคร UFABET เว็บตรง
Tailored Solutions: Recognizing the uniqueness of each business, Bizzehuub offers customizable solutions, enabling organizations to adapt the platform to their specific needs. bizzehuub
It is an excellent blog, I have ever seen. I found all the material on this blog utmost unique and well written. And, I have decided to visit it again and again. Please visit ยูฟ่าเบทเว็บตรง
สมัครยูฟ่าเบท เมื่อพูดถึงการเลือกแพลตฟอร์มสมัครเว็บบอลบางครั้งอาจรู้สึกล้นหลามเนื่องจากมีตัวเลือกมากมายให้เลือกอย่างไรก็ตาม Please visit สมัครยูฟ่าเบท
I’m happy I found this page. Peter Meijer for U.S. Senate Yard Sign You made some really good points in this post. Amazing stuffYou’ve presented some extremely intriguing arguments, in my opinion. Continue your incredible effort.
In summary,KK8 Casino is more than just a gaming platform; it’s a destination for those seeking quality entertainment, exceptional customer service, and a secure, technologically advanced environment for their online gaming pursuits.
https://www.kk8official.co
I have bookmarked your blog, the articles are way better than other similar blogs.. thanks for a great blog! customize debit card
This article gives the light in which we can observe the reality. This is very nice one and gives indepth information. Thanks for this nice article. customize debit card
Hey what a brilliant post I have come across and believe me I have been searching out for this similar kind of post for past a week and hardly came across this. Thank you very much and will look for more postings from you. acrylic charms
Thank you because you have been willing to share information with us. we will always appreciate all you have done here because I know you are very concerned with our. Togel terpercaya
You have a excellent stage below!I absolutely concur with what you have got mentioned!!Thanks for sharing your views…hope more and more people will go through this informative article!!!
I’m glad I came onto this page. In this post, you raised some pretty excellent issues. Dean Phillips President Incredible stuffI think you’ve put forth some really compelling reasons. Maintain your amazing work.
Meteorbet88 game online terpercaya dan mudah menang segera daftar dan raih cuan nya segera
GAME
berangkat bossku Meteorbet88 game online terpercaya dan mudah menang segera daftar dan raih cuan nya segera
GAME
daftar meteorbet88
METEORBET88 adalah tempat di mana pemain dapat mengakses segala jenis permainan taruhan online berfitur lengkap kapan saja. Di Situs Resmi Slot Gacor 2022-2023 Terbaru yang sudah kami dirikan, tidak ada tanggung-tanggung membawakan jackpot yang cukup besar untuk bisa bertaruh pada satu orang saja dari Indonesia di Slot Gacor Online Gampang Menang
daftar meteorbet88
METEORBET88 adalah tempat di mana pemain dapat mengakses segala jenis permainan taruhan online berfitur lengkap kapan saja. Di Situs Resmi Slot Gacor 2022-2023 Terbaru yang sudah kami dirikan, tidak ada tanggung-tanggung membawakan jackpot yang cukup besar untuk bisa bertaruh pada satu orang saja dari Indonesia di Slot Gacor Online Gampang Menang
daftar meteorbet88
METEORBET88 adalah tempat di mana pemain dapat mengakses segala jenis permainan taruhan online berfitur lengkap kapan saja. Di Situs Resmi Slot Gacor 2022-2023 Terbaru yang sudah kami dirikan, tidak ada tanggung-tanggung membawakan jackpot yang cukup besar untuk bisa bertaruh pada satu orang saja dari Indonesia di Slot Gacor Online Gampang Menang
daftar meteorbet88
METEORBET88 adalah tempat di mana pemain dapat mengakses segala jenis permainan taruhan online berfitur lengkap kapan saja. Di Situs Resmi Slot Gacor 2022-2023 Terbaru yang sudah kami dirikan, tidak ada tanggung-tanggung membawakan jackpot yang cukup besar untuk bisa bertaruh pada satu orang saja dari Indonesia di Slot Gacor Online Gampang Menang
daftar meteorbet88
METEORBET88 adalah tempat di mana pemain dapat mengakses segala jenis permainan taruhan online berfitur lengkap kapan saja. Di Situs Resmi Slot Gacor 2022-2023 Terbaru yang sudah kami dirikan, tidak ada tanggung-tanggung membawakan jackpot yang cukup besar untuk bisa bertaruh pada satu orang saja dari Indonesia di Slot Gacor Online Gampang Menang
Welcome to AutoTech Service, Lower Fairfield County’s finest foreign car repair and service center. Located in Stamford, Connecticut, the shop is situated just down the street from route 95 and just minutes away from the Stamford Metro North train station.
Jaguar Service Stamford, CT
You have to participate in a contest for a number of the satisfactory blogs at the internet. I will recommend this internet website online! https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fjazzyexpert.com%2F%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR3t1YKiCe-n8s-Fvyp77mZo6jfg7cVjTbgqGgY6GbXjQGmCPdKqeSqI7Ec&h=AT3l8lyBfzU0XYUkdls5d4Y5j7laZdx8FMyM-PH2enLdrbZGweDolwtEwykXGwgY5tep1wbwH-QlVywVwYZm5rSSW3aSapDKcyAfPjI-h8lmUXLcY0A6VVDJpLVvoppAXCqrMw
Saya akan menyimpan ini untuk referensi saya. penerjemah bahasa inggris resmi
Informasi yang berguna dan praktis. jok mobil jogja
Meteorbet88 game online terpercaya dan mudah menang segera daftar dan raih cuan nya segera
keyword
Meteorbet88 game online terpercaya dan mudah menang segera daftar dan raih cuan nya segera
games
Meteorbet88 game online terpercaya dan mudah menang segera daftar dan raih cuan nya segera
online
Saya suka cara Anda menghubungkan semua informasi ini. penerjemah bahasa mandarin tersumpah
Anda memiliki pandangan yang berbeda yang saya hargai. Pembasmi Rayap Jakarta
Artikel yang bermanfaat untuk pemula. syarat penerjemah
I migliori orologi replica omega di lusso utilizzano materiali di altissima qualità, come oro, platino, acciaio e pietre preziose, ecc., ogni orologio è stato rigorosamente selezionato e ha un processo di produzione molto preciso.
Antwerpen, doordrenkt van historie en artistieke erfgoed, huisvest getalenteerde schilders die de ziel van de stad vangen op doek. De Schilder Antwerpen weerspiegelt niet alleen vakmanschap, maar ook een diepgaand begrip van de culturele diversiteit en artistieke evolutie.
Terima kasih sudah menjelaskan dengan jelas. Jasa Pembasmi Tikus Jakarta
Artikel yang menantang pikiran saya. harga hidrolik cucian mobil
ข้อดีของการขนส่งโดยรถบรรทุก
ประโยชน์ของรถบรรทุก
Terima kasih atas ilmu baru ini. syarat penerjemah
I’m really enjoying the design and layout of your blog.
It’s a very easy on the eyes which makes it much more enjoyable for me
to come here and visit more often. Did you hire out a
developer to create your theme? Superb work! 무지개토토 도메인
บีวิน
— The most popular Online betting sites 24 hours a day, no holidays.—
In the sensory สูตรสล็อต register process, the brain obtains information from the environment.
Pembahasannya sangat lengkap dan berguna. sworn translator jakarta
Improved Decision-Making: With a Fractional CFO on board, businesses can make more informed and data-driven decisions. These professionals provide valuable insights into financial data, helping the leadership team understand the implications of various choices and navigate through complex financial scenarios https://www.k38consulting.com/
This is a great short article thanks for sharing this useful data. I’ll pay a visit to your web site routinely for many latest post. I’ll visit your blog frequently for a few hottest put up.
https:/ribbon898.com/<a href="http://ribbon898.com/
R&B track is my preferred stuff, pop track is outstanding too however R&B is the quality,, nembutal for sale