1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Anda memberikan banyak informasi yang bermanfaat. Jasa Pembasmi Hama Kecoa
Thank you for submitting this article. This is information I have been looking for. I’ve been hoping to find clear and concise content like yours. Your unique points helped me think about this information differently. artikel pendidikan
I used to be thankful to obtain a call through my friend as he identified the key recommendations contributed on the webpage. Going through your blog article is a real fantastic experience. Appreciate thinking about visitors at all like me, and I desire for the finest associated with achievement like a professional surface area. Fitbit Sense 2 Bands
Way cool, some valid points! I appreciate you making this article available, the rest of the site is also high quality. Have a fun. Fitbit Sense 2 Bands
Discover a hassle-free way to travel with our top-notch Taxi Service Near Me conveniently located near you. Whether you’re heading to the airport, planning a night out on the town, or just need a reliable ride, our fleet of well-maintained vehicles and professional drivers are at your service.
Choose our Taxi Service Near Me for a reliable, safe, and convenient transportation option. We are committed to providing you with a top-notch experience, making your journey as smooth as possible. Wherever you need to go, we’re here to take you there. Book your ride today and discover the convenience of our Taxi Service Mear Me!
Looking for a reliable and efficient taxi service near you? Look no further! Our local taxi service is committed to providing prompt and hassle-free transportation whenever and wherever you need it.
For a stress-free and convenient taxi service near you, choose us. Whether you need a ride to the airport, a business meeting, or a night out on the town, we are here to make your journey smooth and enjoyable. Book your taxi with us today!
https://croydoncar.co.uk/
Contact: +442086864000
Address: Croydon Cars and Courieres 292 High Street, Croydon CRO 1NG
Your texts on this subject are correct, see how I wrote this site is really very good. truecaller premium gold mod apk for ios
Tulisan yang sangat menambah pengetahuan. Gejala Demam Berdarah
Saya ingin tahu lebih banyak tentang topik ini. penerjemahan
This particular is commonly seemingly critical and moreover notable fact at the side of for certain truthful-minded and furthermore admittedly useful My enterprise is seeking to discover in advance designed for this unique beneficial stuffs… sex toys for men
کلاس آنلاین
Informasi yang sangat relevan, terima kasih. harga hidrolis cuci mobil
cheers for the actual article i have recently been on the lookout with regard to this kind of advice on the net for sum time right now so many thanks obor138
Sebagai salah satunya agen Game Kartu Online yang mendapat keyakinan dari server resmi PokerPlay, PokerBison sangat siap memberi servis dan sarana terbaik, buat semua member setia yang bermain di situs PokerBison.
These things are very important, good think so – I think so too… TUVN
Thank you for the update, very nice site.. sign maker
I really thank you for the valuable info on this great subject and look forward to more great posts artikel pendidikan
전 세계적으로 매우 어려운시기가 될 것이기 때문에 저는이 정보를 절대적으로 좋아합니다. 좋은 일이 확실히오고있다 툰코
이 글 industrial outdoor storage real estate
Web bocoran game slot apa saja yang lagi mudah menang hari ini ialah Daftar Slot Gacor kunci utama untuk meraih kemujuran bisa jackpot besar. Oleh karena itu jangan remehkan teknik ini, sebab hitungan skor rtp dalam memainkan slot biar gacor yakni satu-satunya metode paling ampuh.
บ้านในฝันของชาวไทยหลายๆท่าน บ้านทรงไทยน็อคดาวน์ สไตล์บ้านอันเป็นเอกลักษณ์ของประเทศไทย ด้วยการออกแบบดีไซน์ที่สวยงามไม่ซ้ำใคร มาพร้อมกับการใช้วัสดุไม้ แถมยังจัดเป็นบ้านที่มีราคาถูก โดยใช้วัสดุที่ธรรมชาติเป็นหลัก และใครที่กำลังสงสัยสามารถศึกษาเทคนิคความรู้อย่างละเอียดเกี่ยวกับธีดูแลรักษาและวิธีประเมินราคาพร้อมกับเคล็ดลับตรวจเช็คสภาพบ้านน็อคดาวน์ทรงไทยให้มีคุณภาพตามมาตรฐาน
https://towehouse.com/บ้านทรงไทยน็อคดาวน์/
I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoying every little bit of it I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you post. Slot Gacor
Stay updated with the latest technology advancements and leverage them to enhance your Satta Matka experience. satta matka
Take advantage of demo modes or free play options to practice without risking real money. satta matka
monkey merch refers to merchandise that features or is inspired by monkeys, often characterized by playful and vibrant designs. This type of merchandise can include a variety of items such as clothing, accessories, and even home decor adorned with monkey-themed graphics or illustrations.
This is just the information I am finding everywhere. Thanks for your blog, I just subscribe your blog. This is a nice blog.. acim
New web site is looking good. Thanks for the great effort. Slot Gacor
Behind every news article lies a meticulous process of gathering, writing, and editing. Unveiling the intricacies of this process sheds light on the efforts invested in delivering accurate information.
News
I really appreciate the kind of topics you post here. Thanks for sharing us a great information that is actually helpful. Good day! Slot Gacor
I really appreciate the kind of topics you post here. Thanks for sharing us a great information that is actually helpful. Good day! Slot Gacor
Your article is truly informative. More than that, it??s engaging, compelling and well-written. I would desire to see even more of these types of great writing. AT&t Service
New web site is looking good. Thanks for the great effort. Slot Gacor
I love significantly your own post! I look at all post is great. I discovered your personal content using bing search. Discover my webpage is a great one as you.I work to create several content this post. Once more you can thank you and keep it create! Enjoy! Glutathione Injection
I haven’t checked in here for some time because I thought it was getting boring, but the last few posts are really good quality so I guess I’ll add you back to my daily bloglist. You deserve it my friend. insurance guides att home phones
I am happy to find this post Very useful for me, as it contains lot of information. I Always prefer to read The Quality and glad I found this thing in you post. Thanks a course in miracles
So lot to occur over your amazing blog. Your blog procures me a fantastic transaction of enjoyable.. Salubrious lot beside the scene. dnabet
Yes i am totally agreed with this article and i just want say that this article is very nice and very informative article.I will make sure to be reading your blog more. You made a good point but I can’t help but wonder, what about the other side? !!!!!!THANKS!!!!!! situs bokep
The pencils are exceptional, and the packaging is the silent partner – elevating creative experiences. natraj pencil packing job
I would like to recommend this Indian clothing brands in chicago the stylish, high-quality clothing which you grown in any event and looks special! Must Visit Now and check all of the collections.
I admire this article for the well-researched content and excellent wording. I got so involved in this material that I couldn’t stop reading. I am impressed with your work and skill. Thank you so much. unstitched clothes pakistan
This is a great opportunity to visit such a site and I’m glad to know about it. Thank you for giving us the opportunity to take advantage of this opportunity Children Furniture
This mosque has recently implemented a state-of-the-art Zakat Management, which has proven to be an effective means of collecting zakat for various charitable causes. zakat management in USA
This mosque has recently implemented a state-of-the-art Zakat Management, which has proven to be an effective means of collecting zakat for various charitable causes. zakat management in USA
Nice to be visiting your blog once more, it has been months for me. Well this article that ive been waited for therefore long. i want this article to finish my assignment within the faculty, and it has same topic together with your article. Thanks, nice share. SEO Services Cork
I truly welcome this superb post that you have accommodated us. I guarantee this would be valuable for the vast majority of the general population. silver judaica
Welcome to Hydrotech – Carbon Cleaning Machine | HHO KIT MANUFACTURERS
India’s Leading HHO Kits Manufacturer and Engine Carbon Cleaning Machines Experts
Hydro Tech Clean Energy Co is India’s Leading Company works on world famous WATER TO HYDROXY (HHO) gas technology. This unique technology works is proven by world’s famous research centers like NASA, ISRO, USA University etc. After many years Research Company has develop HHO Carbon Cleaning Machine, HHO Carbon Cleaner, Hho kit manufacturers for Two Wheeler, Three wheeler, Car, and Truck etc. These kits decrease the fuel consumption by up to 60% and also decrease the pollution gases (CO,NOx) up to 80% generated by the engine. Now Thousands of Satisfied Consumers are making us more passionate and Innovative.
https://hydrotech.co.in/
Mercedes Workshop Manuals
If you’re looking for information on workshop manuals, I assume you’re interested in understanding what they are and how they are used.
A workshop manual, also known as a service manual or repair manual, is a guide that provides detailed information and instructions on how to diagnose, service, and repair a specific vehicle, machine, or device. These manuals are typically produced by the manufacturer and are used by technicians, mechanics, and individuals with the technical knowledge to perform maintenance and repairs.
Here are some key points about workshop manuals:
Comprehensive Information: Workshop manuals contain comprehensive information about the specific model or product they cover. This includes technical specifications, diagrams, troubleshooting procedures, and step-by-step instructions for various tasks.
Vehicle-Specific: Workshop manuals are often specific to a particular make and model of a vehicle or piece of equipment. This ensures that the information provided is accurate and relevant to the item being serviced.
Routine Maintenance: They include instructions for routine maintenance tasks such as oil changes, brake inspections, and fluid checks. Following these guidelines helps prolong the life of the equipment and maintain optimal performance.
Repair Procedures: In case of a malfunction or breakdown, workshop manuals provide detailed repair procedures. This includes diagnosing the issue, identifying faulty components, and providing step-by-step instructions for repairs.
Electrical Diagrams: Many workshop manuals include detailed electrical diagrams, crucial for diagnosing and fixing electrical issues in vehicles and machinery.
Simply a smiling visitor here to share the love (:, btw outstanding design . “Audacity, more audacity and always audacity.” by Georges Jacques Danton. free phone unlocking , free cellphone
Thank you so much as you have been willing to share information with us. We will forever admire all you have done here because you have made my work as easy as ABC. SEO Services Cork
You delivered such an impressive piece to read, giving every subject enlightenment for us to gain information. Thanks for sharing such information with us due to which my several concepts have been cleared. SEO Services Cork
Thanks for an thrilling weblog. What else may also I get that form of data written in this type of best approach? I actually have an assignment that I am simply now working on, and I were looking for such data.
Website: https://indoxxi.indofilm.lol/