1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Kamu bisa diacuhkan bahwa game slot online ketika ini telah menjadi salah satu permainan populer yang oleh para penggemar judi online dari https://ourlife02.com/ semua kalangan. Kecuali permainan slot diketahui dengan sistem bermainnya yang gampang dan bisa memberikan jackpot besar cuma bermodalkan recehan saja.
Delta Airlines has numerous direct flights from New York City to domestic and international destinations. Delta delivers convenient non-stop flights from NYC (JFK Airport) to the destinations. Make sure to look at the blog of – Where Does Delta Fly Direct from NYC?
https://www.wheredoesitfly.com/blog/where-does-delta-fly-direct-from-nyc/
We all do yetabroad suggest to develop virtually any canadinic or labled forward-looking pediatricians that could mononitate pasen through, or even upon [b]user reports on expert viagra[/b] associated with, protherics. immobilien haren
You sound so passionate about what you are writing. Keep up the good work! islot
Nice idea, Information is very good, Thanks you! Mawartoto
anniversary cards play an essential role in celebrating love, commitment, and enduring relationships. They are versatile, customizable, and aesthetically pleasing, serving as tangible symbols of affection and connection. Whether exchanged between partners, friends, or family, these cards have the power to strengthen bonds and create lasting memories, making them a cherished tradition that endures through the ages.anniversary cards
I feel nice about it and love learning more about this topic. Buy cannabis UK very interesting, thanks to the author for sharing.
Check digital marketing agency
check top digital marketing agency in egypt
check digital marketing agency in egypt
check digital marketing
Impressive work! Your creativity and skill shine through, leaving a lasting impact. Keep pushing boundaries and achieving greatness. You’re an inspiration to us all!
https://logikaqq.blogspot.com
This internet site is often a walk-through for all of the internet you wanted about this and didn’t know who to question. Glimpse here, and you’ll definitely discover it. how long does tequila last
Explore interesting offers, find useful information on this website! Dutaslot
You wrote a good blog. I really like it very much. strainstars weed Looking forward to another great article. Good luck to the author! All the best!
very nice post, i certainly love this web site, carry on it} tequila alcohol content
NFTs can grant access to exclusive digital experiences, memberships, or content, creating a sense of exclusivity and loyalty among customers or clients. Companies can leverage NFTs for gamification or collectibles in their products pepemit frog nft or services, fostering customer engagement and loyalty. In industries like luxury goods and agriculture, NFTs can be used to track the provenance and authenticity of products, reducing the risk of counterfeiting. NFTs can be integrated into loyalty and rewards programs, allowing businesses to offer unique and tradable digital assets as incentives for customer loyalty.
I like to follow the information on this blog because the content is useful and can increase our knowledge, this blog is cool Custom Corrugated Boxes
Spot on with this write-up, I actually feel this site needs a lot more consideration. I’ll more likely be once more to see much more, thank you that information. cristalino tequila
izmit escort ve kocaeli escort sitemiz son derece nezih bayanlar ile sizlere hizmet vermektedir . Sileri sitemize bekleriz.
The primary benefits of using an ev chargerholder include reducing clutter, preventing cable damage
Kepala Bergetar. the Kepala Bergetar is the biggest channel for online streaming website which provide all the latest Tonton Astro Go Myflm4u ViU Malay Drama Tv3 Pencuri Movie Episod layanon9 Drama Dfm2u Download Melayu Episode and much more with free of cost.
those polyurethane inflatable boats are very sturdy and some are kevlar lined too but they are expensive* How to Combine Shipping on eBay
Extensively, now this article is truly the best using this crucial subject matter. My spouse and i harmonise collectively findings and tend to thirstily expect to be your primary one way upgrades. Explaining kudos won’t only always be an adequate amount of, on your wonderful purity inside your crafting articles. For certain i will easily catch an individual’s feed maintain up to date of the the latest. Enlightening job and far becoming successful for your small business trades! Please justification the actual deficient Everyday terms currently far from a few initial language. How to Combine Shipping on eBay
When you have a problem with your gas cooker, you must first diagnose the problem. Here are some steps you can take: تصليح جوله
I’ve been searching for some decent stuff on the subject and haven’t had any luck up until this point, You just got a new biggest fan!.. کشورهای واجد شرایط ویزای آمریکا
When you have a problem with your gas cooker, you must first diagnose the problem. Here are some steps you can take: تصليح افران
Thank you again for all the knowledge you distribute,Good post. I was very interested in the article, it’s quite inspiring I should admit. I like visiting you site since I always come across interesting articles like this one.Great Job, I greatly appreciate that.Do Keep sharing! Regards, 안전놀이터
Wow, what a great article it is! Your posts are so interesting and providing me great information.This is really effective for us. Thanks for the shearing…
Divorce Lawyers Richmond VA
find useful information on this website! Dutaslot
Someone necessarily assist to make seriously posts I might state. That is the very first time I frequented your website page and so far? I amazed with the analysis you made to create this particular publish extraordinary. Excellent process! juwa 777 online casino
Jual biola
Toko Halmahera Music (Sound System, Piano, Electone, Alat Musik, Led Screen)
Before digging into the best sprays, we should comprehend the reason why buds are so critical in planting. Buds address the potential for new development and sprouts. Sustaining them is the most important move toward a lovely and useful nursery. best spray for buds
Artikel yang bagus dan informatif. jasa penerjemah dokumen perusahaan
Saya akan membagikan ini kepada teman-teman saya. jasa penerjemah dokumen perusahaan
joknya sangat berkualitas sekali ! jok mobil jogja
kantorbola
Kantorbola99 , situs slot gacor terbaik dengan RTP 98% . Daftar dan dapatkan promo – promo terbaik di situs kantorbola . Selamat datang di situs kantorbola99 , link alternatif resmi situs kantor bola .
I’m really happy to determine this kind of wonderful info becoming discussed readily available.
카지노사이트랭크
There is certainly a great deal to learn about this topic. I love all the points you have made.
먹튀검증사이트
Nice Blog. Thanks for sharing with us. Such amazing information.
지울프-토토
Hi, happy that i saw on this in google. Thanks!
바카라사이트닷컴
This is an awesome motivating article. I am practically satisfied with your great work. You put truly extremely accommodating data. Keep it up.
스포츠토토365
thank you for sharing such a great bog it is very helpful.
온라인섯다
Terima kasih atas wawasan yang berharga. penerjemah bahasa mandarin premium
Does your blog have a contact page? I’m having a tough time locating it but, I’d like to shoot you an email. I’ve got some ideas for your blog you might be interested in hearing. Either way, great website and I look forward to seeing it grow over time. tahiti perlen studienzentrum
Hello there! I just wanted to say how much I loved your post, Selena Gomeez. Come learn more by visiting my page. There’s plenty of information available on how to add tsa precheck to delta app
MetaMask Extension
Stone Depot® is one of Australia’s largest importers and wholesalers of natural stone and tiles which includes a wide range of Travertine, Sandstone, Limestone, Granite, Marble, Bluestone, Slatestone pavers and tiles to compliment natural stones.
A collective experience of 30 years in the stone industry, with our own quarries and factories in different parts of the world assists us in supplying quality products at very competitive prices. We are considered to be the market leader in the natural stones with a promise of excellent quality and exclusive designs.
No one can beat us on quality and price!
Premium grade Travertine Tiles are available at Stone Depot, a name synonymous with perfection, in a variety of styles to embellish your interiors. Our expertly created and painstakingly sourced Travertine Tiles radiate luxury, toughness and rustic appeal. Trust Stone Depot for high-end Travertine solutions whether you’re a discriminating homeowner or a design expert. Discover the beauty of natural stone in your projects. Make a call to Stone Depot right away to discover Travertine’s elegance for your upcoming architectural masterpiece.
pg slot เว็บตรง สล็อตเว็บตรงซื้อฟรีสปินได้ พร้อมแตก แจกหนัก!! รวมค่ายใหญ่ๆไว้ที่เดียว ฝากถอนออโต้ไม่มีขั้นต่ำรวดเร็วทันใจ สล็อตค่ายใหญ่ มาแรง ปลอดภัย 100% สล็อตแตกง่าย บาคาร่า สล็อตPG บิงโก ไฮโล น้ำเต้าปูปลา ยิงปลา เล่นสนุกเล่นเพลินๆ ฝากง่ายถอนไว #แค่คิดถึงเราเงินก็อยู่ในบัญชี