1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
DigitizeOnline Pvt Ltd is at the forefront of digital marketing, serving as one of London’s leading digital marketing companies. Focusing on cutting-edge strategies, we drive online success for businesses of all sizes. Our team of experts is committed to delivering tailored solutions that boost your online presence, engage your audience, and drive conversions. When you partner with us, you’re choosing excellence in the digital landscape, ensuring your business stands out in the competitive world of online marketing.
Attractive, post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to say that I have liked browsing your blog posts. After all, I will surely subscribe to your feed, and I hope you will write again soon! 먹튀폴리스
The interest rates for the USDA’s Community Facilities Direct Loan and Grant Program, commonly known as the CUP Loan Program, are typically set at or below market rates. These rates are designed to ensure that eligible entities in rural communities can access affordable financing for the development and improvement of crucial community facilities. What is the interest rate on a cup loan program
hi the post sounds very nice but here I am telling about the cng kits for you carsCng cylinder manufactuerer
이러한 유형의 주제를 검색하는 거의 모든 사람들에게 도움이되기를 바랍니다. 저는이 웹 사이트가 그러한 주제에 가장 적합하다고 생각합니다. 좋은 작품과 기사의 품질. 뉴토끼
I cannot wait to dig deep and kickoff utilizing resources that I received from you. Your exuberance is refreshing. 먹튀폴리스
very nice! I was amazed to read the details given in this blog. I really enjoyed growing this blog. thank you again. Escorts in Rajouri Garden
Great information, better still to find out your blog that has a great layout. Nicely done singapore kitchen
Search the ultimate directory to find high quality female escorts online. Browse a wide selection of stunning companions and experience unforgettable moments with Pune Escorts Service. Our extensive search feature ensures that you find the perfect match based on your preferences. Start your adventure now and join the company of an exotic escort who will exceed your expectations.
https://www.puneescorts1.in
Beneficial as well as beneficial information may be positioned through this material in this post site benefit to find that. ดูซีรี่ย์เกาหลี
Get Dedicated and ICCRC Qualified Professionals to Apply for Canada Immigration to Canada. ICCRC – RCIC Reg and qualified consultants with 5+ years of Experience.
https://cse.google.fr/url?sa=t&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newlandvisas.com/canada-immigration/immigration-consultant-in-noida/
Hey what a brilliant post I have come across and believe me I have been searching out for this similar kind of post for past a week and hardly came across this. Thank you very much and will look for more postings from you xo368
benar benar diluar nalar , hasil spektakuler , keren..
slot mahjong
Today, I was just browsing along and came upon your blog. Just wanted to say good blog and this article helped me a lot, due to which I have found exactly I was looking. 먹튀폴리스
Keep up the good work; I read few posts on this website, including I consider that your blog is fascinating and has sets of the fantastic piece of information. Thanks for your valuable efforts. 먹튀폴리스
In the fiercely competitive world of IT, establishing expertise and reliability is paramount. IT companies can leverage digital marketing to showcase their prowess. Through strategic campaigns, they can spotlight their technical acumen and trustworthiness. Content marketing can be a powerful tool, disseminating informative blogs, whitepapers, and case studies that demonstrate in-depth knowledge.
Social media can create an interactive space for customers, where IT firms can address queries and share success stories. Furthermore, optimizing website content with relevant keywords is crucial for SEO, boosting online visibility. When it comes to digital marketing for IT company, Matebiz Pvt Ltd is a standout choice. Their proven track record in IT
I value the article.Thanks Again. Much obliged.ufabetเว็บตรง
I truly welcome this superb post that you have accommodated us. I guarantee this would be valuable for the vast majority of the general population. chauffeur for melbourne airport
Pin Up Casino virtual kazino bo’lib, butun dunyoda, jumladan, O’zbekistonda ham ishlaydi. Pin Up O’zbekiston qimor o’yinlari uchun ishonchli va xavfsiz joyga aylantiradigan asosiy jihatlardan biri bu xorijiy qimor o’yinlarini tartibga soluvchi organlar tomonidan berilgan litsenziyaning mavjudligidir. Bu shuni anglatadiki, o’yinchilar o’yinning adolatliligiga va ma’lumotlarining xavfsizligiga ishonch hosil qilishlari mumkin.
Pin Up Casino virtual kazino bo’lib, butun dunyoda, jumladan, O’zbekistonda ham ishlaydi. Pin Up O’zbekiston qimor o’yinlari uchun ishonchli va xavfsiz joyga aylantiradigan asosiy jihatlardan biri bu xorijiy qimor o’yinlarini tartibga soluvchi organlar tomonidan berilgan litsenziyaning mavjudligidir. Bu shuni anglatadiki, o’yinchilar o’yinning adolatliligiga va ma’lumotlarining xavfsizligiga ishonch hosil qilishlari mumkin.
I value the article.Thanks Again. Much obliged.ufabet เปิดใหม่
I value the article.Thanks Again. Much obligeds.ufabet เปิดใหม่
I value the article.Thanks Again. Much obliged.ufabet เปิดใหม่
Good post of the day.สมุดหน้าเหลือง
HoneyPreet is most trusted Bangalore Escorts provider. We have a wide range of escorts call girls to choose from, you can choose the one that suits your budget.
I value the article.Thanks Again. Much obliged.ufabet เปิดใหม่
I haven’t any word to appreciate this post…..Really i am impressed from this post….the person who create this post it was a great human..thanks for shared this with us. 먹튀사이트
Kota Malang, dengan pesona alamnya yang memukau dan kekayaan budayanya yang unik, bukan hanya menawarkan keindahan alam dan sejarah yang menarik. Bagi para pecinta kuliner, kota ini juga dikenal sebagai surganya jajan kiloan murah Malang.
I added this article to my favorites and plan to return to digest more soon. It’s easy to read and understand as well as intelligent. I truly enjoyed my first read through of this article. essential oil aromas
Nice site. On your blogs very interest and i will tell a friends. Rafael’s course
I’d should talk to you here. Which is not some thing I do! I quite like reading a post which will make people believe. Also, many thanks permitting me to comment! flamenco guitar
Woh I revel in your content , saved to favorites ! . link alternatif satudesa
My husband and i have been quite thrilled at the same time as Chris must end up his investigations with the thoughts he received out of the net internet website. It is now and again perplexing to surely likely be giving out techniques which normally others could have been making money from. And we remember we’ve were given were given the blog owner to give way to for that. The causes you’ve made, the honest blog menu, the friendships you can beneficial aid to create – it’s far the entirety wonderful, and it’s miles making our son and the circle of relatives do assume that concept is fun, and that’s pretty essential. Thanks for the whole lot! Starting a Business
An thrilling communicate is rate comment. I assume that you want to write down more in this problem, it may no longer be a taboo undertaking however usually humans are not sufficient to talk on such subjects. To the following. Cheers https://www.xinjiada-ic.com/manufacturers
Good post of the day.ประวัติลูฟี่
The extent of my passion for this blog is beyond words. It is excellent blog. This blog demonstrates the
Author’s expertise and knowledge.
Best scrap car prices Dubai>
thank you very much because this blog is very useful and the content is very cool Qq777 Slot
Thank you very much for this useful article. I like it. UFABETแทงบอล ไม่ต้องฝาก
Temuan https://anjay123pulsa.com/ slot gacor demo memberikan jalan masuk ke bermacam-macam opsi mesin slot gacor mudah menang demo terlengkap. Tentunya kau bisa menikmati bermacam-macam tema dan macam permainan slot gacor maxwin. Ini memberi kau ilustrasi lebih bagus seputar pemahaman kau dan variasi permainan paling kau nikmati sebelum kau mempertimbangkan untuk bermain dengan uang sungguhan.
Welcome to Earth Like Organics – Manufacturer of Coconut Oils.Our company is a leading manufacturer and supplier of high-quality Coconut Oil and Coconut products. We also supply different types of Cold Pressed carrier oils in India. Coconut Oil Manufacturer
I used to be recommended this blog by means of my cousin. I’m not certain whether or not this post is written by means of him as nobody else recognize such certain about my difficulty. You are incredible! Thanks! playwin77
kita selalu bisa memaafkan, namun tidak harus melupakan bocah4d
I’m happy I located this blog! From time to time, students want to cognitive the keys of productive literary essays composing. Your first-class knowledge about this good post can become a proper basis for such people. nice one1xbet today promo code
Your content contains crucial information, well-written and impactful. It conveys valuable insights effectively, making it a valuable resource for readers seeking meaningful knowledge. slot deposit shopeepay
I appreciated your work very thanks การแทงบอล1×2 UFABET
Thank you so much for this topic. It is very helpful for me. I will share this to others. โปรโมชั่นสล็อต
Ini memberi kau ilustrasi lebih bagus perihal pemahaman kau dan macam permainan paling kau nikmati sebelum kau menetapkan untuk bermain dengan uang sungguhan. Kini apakah kau seorang pemula yang penasaran atau seorang pemain berpengalaman berharap bersenang-bergembira tanpa risiko keuangan. Temuan slot gacor demo ialah alternatif menarik cocok dijajal. Situs Judi Slot Website pengalaman bermain slot mendalam tanpa wajib merogoh kocek kau dan nikmati kesenangan mesin slot dalam versi lebih santai dan bebas tekanan.
Thanks for sharing this detailed overview of the railway industry in France. It’s fascinating to see how the industry handles space, time, and pricing. The comparison to the airline industry is insightful, and the proposed legal directory ideas like the mini-cinema on overnight trains sound innovative. It’s clear that the railway industry requires a unique approach to revenue management. Great read!
Kalian mungkin sudah sering mendengar tentang SEO atau Search Engine Optimization, tapi apakah kalian benar-benar tahu kapan harus memakai jasa SEO artikel terpercaya dan terbaik?
Situs slot gacor yang kami rekomendasikan ini tentunya tidak jauh berbeda dengan taruhan lainnya, namun jauh akan lebih memuaskan jika kamu mengakses situs judi slot online Kaisar888 Bukan tanpa alasan, melainkan tempat taruhan satu ini sangat terkenal dengan berbagai keuntungan terbesarnya yang memiliki nilai fantastis. Makanya dari itu, ambisi yang kamu miliki saat ini dalam bermain judi slot mungkin saja bisa terwujud. Jadi, tidak perlu kamu ragukan lagi untuk segera bergabung dan mendaftarkan diri lewat situs resminya.