1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Terima kasih telah memberikan perspektif baru tentang topik ini. jasa pembasmi hama jakarta
Pembahasan yang sangat baik dan relevan. jasa translate bahasa inggris
tattoosth รูปยันต์คาบูกิ
This is a great inspiring article.I am pretty much pleased with your good work.You put really very helpful information
คาสิโนออนไลน์
Saya setuju dengan pendapat Anda. Bagus sekali! jasa pembasmi hama jakarta
Artikel yang bermanfaat dan praktis. jasa translate bahasa inggris
Together, they meticulously examined every inch of the massive shell, tracing their fingers along the intricate patterns etched into its surface. 토토주소
Farmer Stumbles Upon Gigantic ‘Dinosaur Egg’ – What’s Inside Will Leave You Speechless! 안전한놀이터
Mateo’s hands trembled as he held the proposal in his grasp. The weight of the decision bore heavily upon him, tugging at his conscience. 사설토토추천
The prospect of unimaginable wealth and a secure future for his family dazzled his mind, tempting him to abandon his quest for truth. 토토힐주소
Lucia’s eyes mirrored his turmoil as they exchanged glances, their unspoken thoughts intermingling in the air. 토토사이트
Deep within his heart, a glimmer of integrity refused to be extinguished, urging him to uncover the truth for the sake of knowledge itself. 먹튀검증
He pondered the impact his choice would have on his family’s future, wrestling with the uncertainty that loomed over them like a specter. 메이저놀이터
Mateo, once accustomed to the roughness of farm work, now held fragile fragments of knowledge in his hands. 메이저사이트추천
SENSA838 adalah situs dari server zoom engine dengan promo andalan Welcome Bonus 20% dimana promo ini Bonus bisa di ambil di menu KLAIM BONUS dalam akun member setelah melakukan Deposit dan sebelum saldo dimainkan, Dengan tampilan visual yang menarik tentunya SENSA838 selalu mencoba menjaga kepercayaan kepada seluruh membernya
This is a very good blog. I’m so glad to read it. And it made me more knowledgeable than before. ผลบอลสดบนมือถือ
It’s a very good blog. various content to gain knowledge and can be applied in daily life as well Thanks for the great article. ผลบอลสด365
Anda memiliki cara bercerita yang menarik. jasa pembasmi hama jakarta
good news worth following the next episode ติดต่อ 123
n the world of landscaping, arboriculture, and underground utility work, precision and care are paramount. Traditional excavation methods involving shovels, backhoes, or other heavy machinery can be invasive and potentially harmful to tree roots, underground pipes, and cables.
airspade
Hello I am so delighted I located your blog, I really located you by mistake, while I was watching on google for something else, Anyways I am here now and could just like to say thank for a tremendous post and a all round entertaining website. Please do keep up the great work. 메이저놀이터 순위
Succeed! It could be one of the most useful blogs we have ever come across on the subject. Excellent info! I’m also an expert in this topic so I can understand your effort very well. Thanks for the huge help. 스포츠토토사이트
Skin health is not just about maintaining a youthful appearance; it is a reflection of your overall well-being. Healthy skin is an essential part of our immune system, serving as a protective barrier against external pathogens, regulating body temperature, and preventing excess water loss. The significance of skin health can be summarized in the following ways: manavis skin care
I would like to thank you for sharing this amaing information with us. I love to read good information UFABETแทงบอลคู่ไหนดี
As I website owner I conceive the content material here is rattling excellent , thanks for your efforts. 메이저놀이터 순위
I am very thankful to you that you have shared this information with us.. ทีเด็ดบอลUFABET
Latest On Technology provides updated news and information on the topics like Technology, Business, Education, Travel, Marketing, Automotive, Software, Health, Entertainment, Home Decor, Gaming, etc around the world. We are dedicated to our readers and always work hard to provide quality information to the readers. So, Read the articles and stay Updated on every tech news.
https://latestontechnology.com/
Great information, better still to find out your blog that has a great layout. Nicely done 메이저놀이터 추천
Your article is truly informative. More than that, it??s engaging, compelling and well-written. I would desire to see even more of these types of great writing. 메이저놀이터 목록
여기에 나열된 정기 방문은 귀하의 에너지를 평가하는 가장 쉬운 방법이므로 매일 웹 사이트를 방문하여 새롭고 흥미로운 정보를 검색합니다. 많은 감사합니다 툰코주소
여기에 나열된 정기 방문은 귀하의 에너지를 평가하은 감사합니다 툰코주소
This is highly informatics, crisp and clear. I think that everything has been described in systematic manner so that reader could get maximum information and learn many things. UFABETแอพ แทงบอลออนไลน์
여기에 나열된 사합니다 툰코주소
I appreciate this text for the properly-researched content and incredible wording. I got so worried in this fabric that I couldn’t prevent reading. I am impressed together with your work and ability. Thank you so much. มือใหม่แทงบอลUFABET
When your website or blog goes live for the first time, it is exciting. That is until you realize no one but you and your Bizdify Reputation Management Services
완전히 흥미로운 블로그 게시입니다. 저는 종종 Diwali Bumper Lottery에 대한 내 프로젝트의 도움을 위해 귀하의 게시물을 방문하고 귀하의 슈퍼 쓰기 기능은 진정으로 당황스러워했습니다.이 게시에 대해 많이 감사합니다. 툰코도메인
완전히 흥미로운 블로그 게시입니다. 저는 종 귀하의 슈퍼 쓰기 기능은 진정으로 당황스러워했습니다.이 게시에 대해 많이 감사합니다. 툰코도메인
I definitely enjoying every little bit of it. It is a great website and nice share. I want to thank you. Good job! You guys do a great blog, and have some great contents. Keep up the good work. 메이저놀이터 순위
If you’re looking for professional carpet cleaning in Hamilton, go no further than Cleaning Doctor. Deep cleaning and stain removal are two of our team’s specialities, so you can rest assured that your carpets will look brand new and be free of allergens. Our commitment to quality and use of sustainable methods ensures consistently high standards are met.
Contact us today for cleaner, healthier carpets and see the difference we can make in your home.
Wow, wonderful blog layout! How long have you been blogging for? you made blogging look easy The overall look of your web site is excellent, UFABET เว็บแทงบอลที่ดีที่สุด
Saya akan berbagi ini dengan teman-teman saya. jasa translate bahasa inggris
“Throughout life people will make you mad, disrespect you and treat you bad. Let God deal with the things they do, cause hate in your heart will consume you too.” 토토커뮤니티
The article you have shared here is very awesome. I really like and appreciate your work.
วิธีสมัครUFABET
“Do not dwell in the past, do not dream of the future, concentrate the mind on the present moment 먹튀커뮤니티
Amazing knowledge and I like to share this kind of information with my friends and hope they like it they why I do. 뉴토끼
“If you love life, don’t waste time, for time is what life is made up of.” 사설토토사이트
When one door closes, another opens; but we often look so long and so regretfully upon the closed door that we do not see the one that has opened for us 토토주소
Some truly wonderful work on behalf of the owner of this internet site , perfectly great articles . batastoto situs togel terpercaya
Shapoorji Pallonji Plots Khopoli reimagines living by seamlessly blending modern comforts with the serenity of nature. This project presents an array of top-notch amenities, including lush landscaped gardens, an inviting clubhouse, a vibrant children’s play area, a scenic jogging track, various sports facilities, and convenient retail outlets.
Please Visit: https://shapoorjipallonjiplots.com/shapoorji-pallonji-plots-khopoli-mumbai/
Wow, wonderful blog layout! How long have you been blogging for? you made blogging look easy The overall look of your web site is excellent, let alone the content! UFABETเว็บตรงเข้าพนัน