1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I used it for a month and saw a perceptible differentiation in myself. By and by I don’t shy of going out with my friends, etc. 女士 脫髮 維他命
Thank you so much as you have been willing to share information with us. We will forever admire all you have done here because you have made my work as easy as ABC. 슬롯게임
Just admiring your work and wondering how you managed this blog so well. It’s so remarkable that I can’t afford to not go through this valuable information whenever I surf the internet! 經濟補習
Great job for publishing such a beneficial web site. Your web log isn’t only useful but it is additionally really creative too. There tend to be not many people who can certainly write not so simple posts that artistically. Continue the nice writing 經濟補習
inscription 1win afrique
This article was written by a real thinking writer. I agree many of the with the solid points made by the writer. I’ll be back. wayang88
One of the biggest supermarket companies in the US, the Kroger Company, developed the online survey tool known as KrogerFeedback. Customers can share feedback on this site regarding their recent shopping experience at Kroger stores. https://blogs.cornell.edu/
Cloud was a fan favorite on “Euphoria,” which has not yet started production on its third season. 카카오웹툰
The best way to do that is to take a diary สล็อตออนไลน์ and sit down in a quiet place with no distractions, and brainstorm.
I frequently blog, so I really value the information on your website. My interest has really been piqued by this article. I’m going to bookmark your website and return frequently to look for newly updated material.https://blogs.cornell.edu/
His plan for this piece of land was to use it as the place to build a home for himself, a home he wanted to fashion out of several different freighters. 조아툰
In 1999, Campbell decided to buy a Boeing 727 aircraft from Olympic Airways for a whopping 100,000 dollars. <a href="https://www.블랙툰.com/" rel="nofollow"blacktoon
When he’d bought the plane, he needed to transport the enormous vehicle to the forest in Oregon. <a href="https://www.블랙툰.com/" rel="nofollow"웹툰
Excellent article. Very interesting to read. I really love to read such a nice article. Thanks! Keep rocking.
Expert house painting near me
Always so interesting to visit your site.What a great info, thank you for sharing. this will help me so much in my learning 物理補習
I am all that much satisfied with the substance you have specified. I needed to thank you for this awesome article. 女士 脫髮 維他命
Professional And Highly Skilled Accounting Services in Dubai
I was very pleased to find this site.I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoying every little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you post. 經濟補習
You are able to understand the legal system with the assistance of an expert attorney, ensuring the best outcomes for your case. Because state laws vary, consulting a lawyer in your area will help you understand the circumstances of your case and determine the best course of action. A lawyer who works for federal crimes can assist with the following.Federal Criminal Lawyer in New York
We are the leading manufacturer, trader, retailer, exporter, importer, and wholesaler of premium quality Doctor Blade, Stroboscope, Dyne Test Pen, etc. We offer a wide range of high quality products that can help businesses improve their print and textile operations
Thanks for sharing this interesting blog with us.My pleasure to being here on your blog..I wanna come beck here for new post from your site. 女士 脫髮 維他命
Excellent! Amazing! I’ll bookmark your blog and take the feeds also. I’m happy to find so many useful info here in the post, we need work out more techniques in this regard, thanks for sharing. manhole lining
Amazingly accommodating post. This is my first time i visit here. I found such an extensive number of captivating stuff in your blog especially its trade. Genuinely its unprecedented article. Keep it up. 女士 脫髮 維他命
Much appreciated such a great amount for this data. I need to tell you I agree on a few of the focuses you make here and others might require some further survey, however I can see your perspective. 經濟補習
This article is an appealing wealth of informative data that is interesting and well-written. I commend your hard work on this and thank you for this information. You’ve got what it takes to get attention. 메이저놀이터 순위
The website is looking a bit flashy and it catches the visitor’s eyes. The design is pretty simple and has a good user-friendly interface.
Flow-Rite Plumbing and Drain Service
Follow the football scores here. A variety of information, focus on fast prices, great football tips every day, we also have หลวงพ่อโสธร
You know your projects stand out of the herd. There is something special about them. It seems to me all of them are really brilliant! Top Up Chip Murah
I am very happy to discover your post as it will become on top in my collection of favorite blogs to visit. Top Up Chip Murah
Thanks so much with this fantastic new web site. very fired up to show it to anyone. It makes me so satisfied your vast understanding and wisdom have a new channel for trying into the world. 女士 脫髮 維他命
Your post has those facts which are not accessible from anywhere else. It’s my humble request to u please keep writing such remarkable articles 數學補習
This is my first time visit here. From the tons of comments on your articles,I guess I am not only one having all the enjoyment right here!
obor138
Fabulous post, you have denoted out some fantastic points, I likewise think this s a very wonderful website. I will visit again for more quality contents and also, recommend this site to all. Thanks.
obor138
I am unquestionably making the most of your site. You unquestionably have some extraordinary knowledge and incredible stories. m 巾
Interesting and amazing how your post is! It Is Useful and helpful for me That I like it very much, and I am looking forward to Hearing from your next..
obor138
While the intricacies of the railway industry and revenue management might not be our typical water cooler conversation, here’s a twist for our coworker’s birthday: “Wishing you a day as smooth as a well-managed railway system and as unpredictable as open train tickets! Happy Birthday, you make even the most complex topics entertaining!
funny birthday wishes for coworker
Cool article it’s really. Friend on mine has long been awaiting just for this content. 먹튀검증 사이트
Cool article it’s really. Friend on mine has long been awaiting just for this content. 먹튀검증 사이트
I’m grateful that you shared this blog. Very useful.Abogado DUI Alleghany VA
Discover the secrets of profitable cryptocurrency arbitrage trading with our comprehensive guide, “How To Start Crypto Arbitrage Trading Strategies.” Whether you’re a novice looking to enter the world of crypto arbitrage or an experienced trader seeking to refine your strategies.
As soon as I found this web site I went on reddit to share some of the love with them. How to Use Flask of Crimson Tears
Mainland Company Setup Services in Dubai
Dubai, with its thriving business landscape and strategic location, has become a magnet for entrepreneurs looking to establish a presence in the Middle East.
physiotherapy mississauga
Our experts navigate this complex terrain, advising you on the most appropriate structure based on your business activities and goals. Whether it’s a Limited Liability Company (LLC), Sole Establishment, or a Branch setup, we ensure your choice aligns with Dubai’s regulations and your business aspirations.
physiotherapy mississauga
Cool stuff you have and you keep overhaul every one of us 온라인카지노
https://goodday-toto.com/ i am for the first time here. I found this board and I in finding It truly helpful & it helped me out a lot. I hope to present something back and help others such as you helped me
One of the unique aspects of mainland company setup in Dubai is the requirement for local sponsorship. We understand the significance of choosing the right local sponsor, and our services include identifying a sponsor whose values align with your business objectives.
physiotherapy mississauga
i am for the first time here. I found this board and I in finding It truly helpful & it helped me out a lot. I hope to present something back and help others such as you helped me 토토사이트
Your article is extremely helpful exceptionally fascinating subject i am looking that sort of post thank for imparting to us keep it up. 經濟補習
Experience Newmarket’s 1st Indian buffet at Dawat India. Indulge in flavorful Indian street food, biryani, butter chicken, and more. Family-friendly dining with spice-rich dishes.
Setting up a bank account is a crucial step in the process, and we streamline this by connecting you with reputable financial institutions. Our network of banking partners ensures you have access to tailored solutions, facilitating smooth transactions and positioning your business for financial success.
rmt mississauga